Aphorisms on Brahman 14

Brahmasūtrabhāṣya of Bhāskara 14

Language: Sanskrit

14.1

tṛtīye 'dhyāye parāparavidyāsvarūpaviśeṣavicāro vṛtta athedānīṃ tāsveva phalacintā varttiṣyate | ātmā vāre draṣṭavyaḥ śrotavyo mantavyo nididhyāsitavya iti so 'nveṣṭavyaḥ sa vijijñāsitavya iti tu cintyate kiṃ sakṛt pratyayaḥ karttavya asakṛditi | sakṛcchravaṇaṃ mananaṃ dhyānaṃ ca karttavyamāvṛttipramāṇābhāvāditi prāpta ucyate| pratyayāvṛttiḥ karttavyā| kasmāt | asakṛdupadeśāt | śrotavyo mantavya iti śravaṇamananayorasakṛtkriyamāṇayorajñānasaṃśayaviparyayanivarttakamātmaviṣayakatvajñānamutpadyate dṛṣṭārthatvādavahantyādivat | yathā ca mīmāṃsāśāstreṣu bahuśaḥ śravaṇāt mananādarthajñānaṃ prakarṣājjāyate tadvat | api ca nātra visaṃvaditavyaṃ siddhāvṛttirupāsanaśabdādantarnītāvṛttivacano 'yaṃ vede prayujyate vidinā samānārthaḥ | katham | na sa vedākṛtsno hyeṣa ātmetyevopāsīta yastadveda sa vedasāṃ devatāmupāsa iti yo hyasakṛdanuvṛttiṃ karoti sa eva mukhyate | na hi śabdaśaktiḥ paryyanuyoktuṃ śakyate | yathā śaktirdhātvantarārthaparyavasāyāt śaknoti vaktuṃ kartuṃ ceti parisamāpyate| bhavati ca vedādapi śabdārthavyutpattiḥ trivṛdādiśabdānāmiva | trivṛcchabdaḥ stotragatāyāṃ navasaṃkhyāyāṃ prayuktaḥ | atrāhābhyupagamyate 'smābhiḥ śravaṇamananābhyāmasakṛdanuṣṭhitābhyāṃ tattvaṃ padārthavyutpattipuraḥsaraṃ ātmasvarūpaviṣayajñānaṃ kasya cidyaḥ sakṛdeva brahmātmatvamanubhavituṃ na śaknuyāt cittasaṃskārapāṭavābhāvāt | tathā hi chāndogye tattvamasi śvetaketo ityupadiśya tattadapratipattikāraṇaṃ nirākṛtya upadiṣyate | yāvadavidyānuvarttate tāva-
uktaṃ tattvamanādṛtya dugrahro gṛhyate yadi | tatrāsmābhiridaṃ vācyaṃ gṛhyatāṃ gṛhyatāmiti || śāstrārthaṃ tattvato jñātvā cariṣyāmo vayaṃ sadā | na no vyasanitā kāciddimamatipratibodhane || yadapyucyate aniyojyā brahmavidaḥ śāstrāviṣayatvādupāsanāyāmāśramakarmaṇi cānadhikāra iti | tadapi samayamātraṃ manyāmahe | yato naikajanmani pravṛttājñānasvābhāvikakarmavāsanāmalapracayāpakarṣāpekṣitvānmukteḥ | bhojanaśaucācamānādiṣu buddhipūrvaṃ rāgaprayukteṣu varttase | brahmībhūtaścetsarvatrāniyojyatvamaviśiṣṭam | śāstrārthaikadeśānuṣṭhānaṃ na ca prayuktam | tathā hi | kriyate karma kiñcittu tyajyate kiñcidityapi | na labhyaṃ śāstramullaṅghya svacchandaparikalpanam || śaucādyapi na karttavyaṃ jīvanmuktyabhimāninā | nāsambandhāccharīrasya nātmano nityaśuddhita iti || yastu brūyāttattvaṃ padārthaviveke sati vākyārthajñānamutpadyata iti tadanantaraṃ samastadvaitapratibhāsanābhāvāccharīrapāta iti | atrocyate | sādhuparyālocanaṃ sūkṣmadhiyo bhavato dvitrirvā svayaṃ jyotirbrahmāṇi śrute tattvaṃ padārthavyutpattirupajāyate | padārthajñānaṃ ca nimittaṃ vākyārthajñānasyetyanantaraṃ tena bhavitavyam | yadi ca padārthavyutpattiḥ śravaṇamananagurūpāsanasāmagrīsampattau satyāmapi notpadyate kālāntare 'pi kā te pratyāśā | ārabdhaphalakarmapratibandhānnotpadyata iti cenna kadācijjñānotpattiḥ sambhavedārabdhaphalakarmapratibandhasyāvaśyambhāvitvājjīvataḥ pravṛttiphalena pratibandhāt mṛtasya cetareṇeti | na ca vākyārthajñānaṃ mṛtihetuḥ | śrutyabhāvāt | karmakṣayo hi taddheturaviduṣāṃ taddarśanādyāsabhīṣmādīnāṃ ca brahmavidyāpravarttakānāṃ smaraṇādyatkiñcidetaditi |

14.2

itaśca raśmīṃstvaṃ paryāvarttayāditi raśmibahutvopāsanaṃ bahuputratāyai vidhīyate ityatrāvṛttiranūdyate, tatsāmānyāditareṣu tathātvaṃ sthālīpukanyāyena |

14.3

yo 'yamapahatapāpmādiguṇayuktaḥ parameśvaraḥ sa kimahamātmetyevamabhedena pratipattavyaḥ kiṃ vānyaviṣaye jīveśvayorbhinnaguṇatvādbhadena pratipattiriti prāptāvāha | ātmeti | tuśabdaḥ pakṣavyāvṛttyarthaḥ | parameśvaraprakriyāyāṃ ātmetyevaṃ gacchanti jñāpayanti jābālāḥ | tvaṃ vā ahamasmi bhagavo devate 'haṃ vai tvamasidevate iti | grāhayanti ca śrutaya eta ātmāsarvāntara eṣa ta ātmāntaryāmyamṛtastattvamasīti | nanu viruddhaguṇayorabhedāpattirayuktā | nāyaṃ virodho bhedasya nityasiddhatvāt | upādhikṛtabhedastu so 'bhedabhāvanayāpanīyate | agnisamparkeṇeva kanakagatamalasya |

14.4

mano brahmetyupāsītetyadhyātmamādhidaivatamākāśo brahmeti sadyo nāma brahmetyupāsta ityevamādiṣu pratīkopāsaneṣu saṃśayaḥ kimātmagraho 'sti neti | brahmetyātmocyate | asti ca vikāreṣu kāraṇānugatiḥ tasmādātmagraha iti pūrvaḥ pakṣaḥ | nātmagrahaḥ | pratīkena hi saḥ| pratīkamātmopāsakasya brahmavikāratvādubhayostulyatvāt | yaduktaṃ kāraṇānvayo 'stīti | satyam | vastutaścodanātastu vikārasyaivopāsanam | yathā vāso dadātyano dadātīti codanāyāṃ na tanta vaḥ kāṣṭhāni cādīyante | atra kalpanārucayaḥ ke citprāthamikaśrotriyaśrāvakāḥ siddhāntaṃ grāhayanto vadanti nāmādipravilāpanena brahmaiva nāmādipratīkeṣūpāsyam | atrācakṣmahe | na puruṣakalpanāmanurudhyāmahe kintu nirdoṣaśrutinirgatāṃ vāṇīmudīkṣāmahe | yatra vikāropāsanaṃ vakti tatra tadevāvadhāryyate | yatra prakṛtyupāsanaṃ tatrāpi tadeva nānyat pramāṇāntaramutprekṣā vā kramate | mano brahmeti ceti paro brahmaśabdaḥ paraviśeṣaṇatvenaiva samāpyate | nāma ca viśeṣyatvena dvitīyāvibhaktiyogāt | ato 'yaṃ vākyārtho brahmadṛṣṭiviśiṣṭanāmopāsanaṃ karttavyamiti | yadi ca nāmnaḥ pravilāpanaṃ na tarhi viśeṣaṇatvaṃ yathā nīlotpalamānayeti | atha nāma vivakṣyate tasyaivopāsyatvaṃ prasajyate lakṣaṇāyāścāpatyāyatvāt | yadi paravidyaiveyaṃ bhūyastvavacanānupapattiḥ syāt | vāgvā va nāmno bhūyān bhūyasīti | sūtrañcedamavācakaṃ pūrvādhikaraṇāpavādārthatā na sidhyet | yadapi taiḥ kalpitamapahatapāpmāhiraṇyakeśādiguṇānāmupalakṣaṇārtham | tadapyasat | brahmaṇo viśeṣaṇatvāttadanyatvācca guṇānām | upalakṣaṇaṃ tu bahireva yatrāyaṃ kāko 'do devadattasya gṛhamiti |

14.5

teṣvevodāharaṇeṣu vivakṣā kiṃ brahmadṛṣṭirmanasi karttavyā kiṃ vā mano dṛṣṭiritaratreti | niyamakāriṇaḥ kāraṇasyābhāvādanayame prāpte 'bhidhīyate | brahmadṛṣṭirmanasi karttavyā | kasmādutkarṣāt | yathā rājadṛṣṭikṣattarītiśabdaśca parārthatāmāpādayati evaṃ śabdasāmānyārtho 'nyo hīti śabdaḥ |

14.6

ya evāsau tapati tamudgīthamupāsīta lokeṣu pañcavidhaṃ sāmopāsīta iyamevargagniḥ sāmetyādiṣvaniyamo niyamahetvabhāvāt | na hyatrotkarṣāpakarṣakṛto viśeṣo 'stīti prāpte vidhīyate | ādityādimatayaścodgīthādau karttavyāḥ | kasmādupapatteḥ | ādityādidṛṣṭayaḥ karmāṅgadvāreṇa kratuprayogavacanena gṛhyanta ityupapadyate adhikṛtādhikāro godohanavat | tathā lokāḥ sāmasu saṅkalpitāyāḥ saptamyāḥ pārārthyāvagamātsāmopāsīteti ca sāmno dvitīyānirdeśātsāmna upāsyatvam |

14.7

14.8

dhyānaṃ caitadupāsanaṃ tadapi samāhite manasyupapadyate dhyāyatīva baka iti prayogadarśanāt |

14.9

itaśca dhyāyatīva pṛthivītyatrācalatvamapekṣya dhyāyatiprayogaḥ|

14.10

śucau deśe pratiṣṭhāpya sthiramāsanamātmana iti sāpāśraye sthirāsane sukhāsane svastikāsane copaviśya nimīlitanayano niratiśayānande paramātmani cittamāveśayediti |

14.11

digdeśakāleṣvaniyamo yatra deśe kāle caikāgratā tatropāsanaṃ kuryāt viśeṣaśravaṇābhāvāt | nanu viśeṣamapi ke cidāmananti | same śucau śarkarāvahnivālukāvarjite śabdajalāśrayādibhirmano'nukūle na cakṣuḥ pīḍane guhānirvātāśraye vā prayojayediti | satyam | tadevedamūktaṃ bhavati |

14.12

āvṛttirādye 'dhikaraṇe sthitā | sā kiṃ yāvajjīvamatha kiñcitkālamiti saṃśaye kiñcitkālaṃ kṛtvoparamecchāstrārthasya kṛtatvāditi prāpte brūmaḥ | āprāyaṇādāmaraṇāttatrāpi maraṇakāle pratyayāvarttanamagnirahasye śāṇḍilyavidyāyāṃ śrūyate | atha khalu kratumayo 'yaṃ puruṣaḥ sa yāvatkraturayamasmāllokātpraiti evaṃ kraturhyamuṃ lokaṃ pretyābhisambhavatīti | kratuśabdaḥ saṅkalpaviśeṣavacanaḥ |

14.13

gata upāsanāviṣayaḥ tṛtīyaśeṣovicāro 'thedānīṃ brahmavidyāphalaṃ prati cintā varttate brahmādhigame tadviruddhaphalaṃ karma kṣīyate na veti | na kṣīyata iti tāvatprāptam na hi karma kṣīyata iti smaraṇāt | atrābhidhīyate | tadadhigame jñānalābhe satyuttarapūrvayoraghayoḥ pāpayoraśleṣavināśau pūrvotpannasya janmāntarasañcitasya | atrāpi janmani prākprabodhādāvirbhūtasya ca vināśo vyapadeśāt | yatheṣīkātūlamagnau protaṃ pradūyetaivaṃ hāsya sarve pāpmānaḥ pradūyanta iti | tathā kṣīyante cāsya karmāṇi tasmin dṛṣṭe parāvara iti smaraṇamavidvadviṣayam | prāyaścittena vā bhogenā 'nyeṣāṃ kṣayo nānyathetyāgāminaḥ | punaraghasyāsaṃśleṣo viduṣām | tadyathā puṣkarapalāśa āpo na śliṣyanta evamevaṃvidi pāpaṃ karma na śliṣyata iti | pramādotpannamapi jñānavataḥ samyagdarśanajñānānalāsandagdhaṃ karma naśyatītyābhiprāyaḥ |

14.14

bhavatūpaśamaḥ pāpasya virodhāt sukṛtasya tu śāstrīyatvānna virodho vidyeteti prāpte vidhīyate | tasyāpyaśleṣavināśau syātām | evamityatideśo yathā pāpasya tathaitarasya puṇyasyeti bhogārthatvādvirodho 'viśiṣṭaḥ | ubhe vaiṣa ete te ha taratīti śruteḥ | kṣīyante cāsyeti vā viśeṣāt | naitaṃ setumahorātre tarata iti | atra sukṛtaduṣkṛte parāmṛśya sarve pāpmāno 'to nivarttanta ityāha | tuśabdo 'vadhāraṇārthaḥ | śarīrapāte viduṣo muktiravaśyambhāvinīti | dvidhāmuktikīṃvadavasthāyāṃ rāgadveṣamohaiḥ tadaṅgaiśca madādibhirvimuktiḥ pātottarakālamātyantikīti |

14.15

pūrvayoradhikaraṇayoḥ puṇyapāpayorjñānanimittayorvināśo 'vagataḥ sa kimaviśeṣeṇārabdhakāryayoranārabdhakāryayośca bhavatyuta viśeṣeṇānārabdhakāryayoreveti vicāryate | tatrājñānaśakteraviśeṣāttadaviśeṣa iti pūrvapakṣī manyate | tatrācakṣmahe | pūrve pāpapuṇye 'nārabdhaphale vinaśyataḥ na punaḥ pravṛttaphale yābhyāmidaṃ brahmajñānāyatanaśarīramārabdham | kathaṃ gamyate | tadavadheḥ tasya tāvadeva ciraṃ yāvanna vimokṣye 'tha sampatsya iti | takāralopaḥ chāndasaḥ | kathaṃ punarjñānaśaktervyavasthā kiñcitkarma kṣīyate kiñcinneti | asyā eva śruteḥ śaktivyavasthā'numīyate | yathāgnirabhrapaṭalaṃ na dahati indhanaṃ tu dahati ko'tra paryyanuyujyate | vicitrā hi śaktayo bhāvānām | ye punarmāyāmātravādinasteṣāmeṣā vyavasthā nopapadyate | kathaṃ vidyāyāmutpannāyāṃ kṛtsnā māyā'pāstā yataḥ tathā prapañco na karmāṇi na saṃskārā vastubhūtā vidyante māyāvādinastatra kiñcitkarma kṣīyate kiñcinneti vibhāgo durlabhaḥ | na ca kulālacakradṛṣṭāntaḥ sambhavati | tatra vegākhyasya saṃskārasya vastubhūtasya cakramāśrayo vidyate nātra saṃskārastadāśrayo vā vidyate avidyāmātratvādvākyārthānabhyupagamāt | dvicandradṛṣṭānto 'pyuktaḥ | tatra timirasya mithyājñānahetorvastubhūtasya vidyamānatvāt | yaduktaṃ kaiścidbādhitamapi mithyājñānaṃ dvicandrajñānavatsaṃskāravaśātkāmamanuvartata eveti tadapi pratyuktaṃ bhavatyato bhedābhedapakṣa eva sūtram | śrutiśca ghaṭate tadavadheriti śarīrapātāvadhiśravaṇādityarthaḥ |

14.16

yadi tarhi vijñānasāmarthyāt dharmādharmayornivṛttiragnihotrādinityaṃ karma viduṣā na kartavyaṃ kriyamāṇamapi tadyadi jñānena nivartyate kiṃ kṛteneti prāpte pratyucyate | viduṣāpyagnihotrādi kartavyamuktametatsahakāritvena veti samuccitābhyāmeva jñānakarmabhyāmavidyānivṛttidvāreṇāpavargo vyajyate nānyatareṇeti | ata āha tatkāyrāyaiva | jñānakāryamapavargaḥ taddarśanādyajñena dāneneti | ato yāvajjīvamāśramavihitaṃ karma kartavyam |

14.17

kiṃ viṣayaṃ punaraśleṣavināśavacanaṃ kiṃ viṣayaṃ vā'do vibhāgavacanaṃ ekeṣā śākhināṃ tasya putrā dāyamupayanti suhṛdaḥ sādhukṛtyāṃ dviṣantaḥ pāpakṛtyāmiti | tatrottaram | ato 'gnihotrādernityātkarmaṇo 'nyāpi hyasti sādhukṛtyā yatkāmyakarmaphalāya kriyate asti ca pāpakṛtyā yatpratiṣiddhamācaryate tadvi-
ṣayo 'yamaśleṣavināśāvagamaḥ kṛtastadviṣayaścaikeṣāṃ śākhināṃ viniyogaḥ | ubhayorjaiminivādarāyaṇayormatamiti | yadeva vidyayeti hi sūtraṃ ke cidadhīyate | tadanarthakamityupekṣaṇīyam |

14.18

ārabdhakārye puṇyapāpe bhogena kṣapayitvā brahma sampadyate | tuśabdo 'vadhāraṇārthaḥ | yadyapyasmin janmani pārameśvaraguṇā nābhivyajyante tathāpi śāstraprāmāṇyādabhivyajyante muktasya ca prādurbhavantīti niścīyate |

Linked texts (1)

Brahmasūtra — Bādarāyaṇa, Sanskrit