[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Jain Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina) › [The four Anuyogas ("expositions")](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.anuyoga) › [Ontology, epistemology and logic](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.anuyoga.phil) › [Nyāyaviniścaya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.anuyoga.phil.nyayaviniscaya) › [Nyayavinishcayavivarana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.anuyoga.phil.nyayaviniscaya!vadiraja) › v1.p56 # Nyayavinishcaya v1.p56 Nyāyaviniścayavivaraṇa v1.p56 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [v1.p56.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.anuyoga.phil.nyayaviniscaya!vadiraja.v1.p56.1) nyāyaviniśvayavivaraṇa meṃ ucita bhī hai para loka vyavahāra ke nirvāhārtha vaiśadyāṃśa kā sadbhāva hone se use saṃvyavahāra pratyakṣa bhī kahā gayā hai| deśa kā lakṣaṇa akaladeva ne svayaṃ ghīyapa ( kārikā naṃ0 4 ) meṃ yaha kiyā hai"anumānādyatirekeṇa viśeṣapratibhāsanam | tadvaiśacaṃ mataṃ buddheravaiśadyamataḥ param || " arthāt anumāna ādika se adhika, niyata deśa kāla bhīra ākāra rūpa se pracuratara viśeṣoṃ ke pratibhāsana ko vaiśadya kahate haiṃ| dūsare śabdoṃ meṃ jisa jñāna meṃ anya kisī jñāna kī sahāyatā apekṣita na ho yaha jñāna viśada kahalātā hai| jisa taraha anumāna ādi jñāna apanī utpatti meṃ liṃgajñāna ādi jñānāntara kī apekṣā karate haiṃ usa taraha pratyakṣa apanī utpatti meṃ kisī anya jñāna kī āvaśyakatā nahīṃ rakhatā| yahī anumānādi se pratyakṣa meṃ atireka-adhikatā hai| yadyapi āgamika dṛṣṭi se indriya āloka yā jñānāntara kisī bhī kāraṇa kī apekṣā rakhanevālā jñāna parokṣa hai aura ātmamātrasāpekṣa hī jñāna pratyakṣa para dārśanika kṣetra sulajhāyā hai I meṃ akalaṅkadeva ke sāmane pramāṇavibhāga kī samasyā thī jise unhoṃne bar̤ī vyavasthita rīti se tatvārthasūtra meṃ mati aura ata ina donoṃ śānoṃ ko parīkṣa kahā hai aura vahīṃ mati smṛti saṃjñā cintā aura abhinibodha ko anarthāntara batāyā hai| anarthāntara kahane kā tātparya itanā hī hai ki ye saba matijñānāvaraṇa karma ke kṣayopaśama se hote haiṃ| mati meṃ indriya aura mana se utpanna honevāle avagraha īhā avāya aura dhāraṇā jñāna sammilita hai| ### [v1.p56.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.anuyoga.phil.nyayaviniscaya!vadiraja.v1.p56.2) deva ne mati ko sāṃyavahārika pratyakṣa kahakara lokaprasiddha indriyajñāna kī pratyakṣatā kā nirvāha kiyā aura smṛti pratyabhijñāna tarka anumāna aura śruti ina saba ko parokṣa pramāṇa rūpa se parigaṇita kiyā| āgama meṃ mati aura ata parokṣa ye hī smṛti ādi matijñānāvaraṇa ke kṣayopaśama se utpanna hone ke kāraṇa matijñāna ye hī isalie inakā parokṣatva bhī siddha thā mātra indriya aura manojanya mati ko sāṃvyavahārika pratyakṣa banā dene se samasta pramāṇa vyavasthā jama gaī aura loka prasiddhi kā nirvāha bhī ho gayā| vaidyapi akalakudeva ne yaya meṃ smṛti pratyabhijñāna tarka aura anumāna ko bhī manomati kahā hai aura sambhavataḥ ve inheṃ bhī prādeśika pratyakṣakoṭi meṃ lānā cāhate the para vaha prayāsa āge ke ācāryoṃ ke dvārā samarthita nahīṃ huā | isa taraha akalaṅkadeva ne viśadajñāna ko pratyakṣa kahakara śrīsiddhasena divākara ke 'aparokṣa grāhaka pratyakṣa' isa pratyakṣa lakṣaṇa kī kamī ko dūra kara diyā | uttara kālīna samasta jainācāryoṃ ne akalaṅkopajña isa lakṣaṇa aura pramāṇavyavasthā ko svīkāra kiyā hai| raft bauddha bhī viśadajñāna ko pratyakṣa kahate haiṃ phira bhī pratyakṣa ke lakṣaṇa meṃ akalaṅkadeva ke dvārā viśada pada ke sātha hī prayukta sākāra aura aṃjasā pada khāsa mahattva rakhate haiṃ| bauddha nirvikalpaka jñāna ko pratyakṣa kahate haiṃ | yaha nirvikalpaka jñāna jainadārśanika paramparā meṃ prasiddha viṣayaviṣayasannipāta ke bāda honevāle sāmānyāvabhāsī anākāra darśana ke samāna hai| ### [v1.p56.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.anuyoga.phil.nyayaviniscaya!vadiraja.v1.p56.3) akaladeva kī dṛṣṭi meṃ jaya nirvikalpaka darśana pramāṇakoṭi se hī bahirbhūta hai taba use pratyakṣa to kahā hī nahīṃ jā sakatā thā| isī bāta kī sūcanā ke lie unhoṃne pratyakṣa ke lakṣaṇa meṃ sākāra pada diyā hai| jo nirākāra darśana tathā bauddhasammata nirvikalpakapratyakṣa kā nirākaraṇa kara niścayātmaka viśadaśāna ko hī pratyakṣakoṭi meṃ rakhatā hai| bauddha nirvikalpaka pratyakṣa ke bāda hone vāle 'nīlamidam' ityādi pratyakṣaja vikalpoṃ ko bhī saṃvyavahāra se pramāṇa māna lete haiṃ| isakā kāraṇa yaha hai ki pratyakṣa ke viṣayabhūta dṛśya svalakṣaṇa meṃ vikalpa ke viṣayabhūta vikalya sāmānya kā ekatvādhyavasāya karake pravṛtti karane para svalakṣaṇa hī prāpta hotā hai, ataḥ vikalpa jñāna bhī saṃvyavahāra se pramāṇa bana jātā hai| isa vikalpa meṃ nirvikalpaka kī hī viśadatā ātī hai| isakā kāraṇa hai nirvikalpaka aura savikalpaka kā atiśīghra utpanna honā yā eka sātha honā | tātparya yaha ki bauddha ke mata se savikalpaka meṃ na to apanā vaiśadya hai aura na pramāṇasva | isakā nirāsa karane ke lie akalaṅkadeva ne aṃjasā viśeṣaṇa diyā hai aura sūcita kiyā hai ki vikalpajñāna aṃjasā viśada hai saṃvyavahāra se nahīṃ| --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.anuyoga.phil.nyayaviniscaya!vadiraja.v1.p56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.anuyoga.phil.nyayaviniscaya!vadiraja.v1.p56) · Pramāṇa