[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Jain Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina) › [The Śvetāmbara canon (Siddhānta)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta) › [The Mūlasūtras ("root texts")](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula) › [Uttarajjhayana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2) › 25 # Uttarajjhayana 25 Uttarajjhayaṇa 25 - **Language:** Ardhamāgadhī Prakrit ### [25.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.1) māhaṇakulasaṃbhūo āsi vippo mahāyaso | jāyāī jamajaṇṇaṃmi jayaghose tti nāmao || > Born in a brāhmaṇa family, there was a renowned priest, / Jayaghosa by name, born in the sacrifice of Yama. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.2) iṃdiyaggāmaniggāhī maggagāmī mahāmunī | gāmānugāmaṃ rīyaṃte patte vāṇārasi puriṃ || > Restraining the company of his sense organs, walking the path, that great sage, / wandering from village to village, reached the city of Vārāṇasī. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.3) vāṇārasīe bahiyā ujjānaṃmi manorame | phāsue sejjasaṃthāre tattha vāsamuvāgae || > Outside Vārāṇasī, in a delightful garden, / on a pure bed of straw, he took up residence there. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.4) aha teneva kāleṇaṃ purīe tattha māhaṇe | vijayaghose tti nāmeṇa jaṇṇaṃ jayai veyavī || > Now at that very time, in that city, a brāhmaṇa / named Vijayaghosa, learned in the Vedas, was performing a sacrifice. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.5) aha se tattha anagāre māsakkhamaṇapāraṇe | vijayaghosassa jaṇṇaṃmi bhikkhamaṭṭhā uvaṭṭhie || > Then that homeless mendicant there, breaking a month-long fast, / arrived at Vijayaghosa's sacrifice to seek alms. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.6) samuvaṭṭhiyaṃ tahiṃ saṃtaṃ jāyago paḍisehae | na hu dāhāmi te bhikkhaṃ bhikkhū! jāyāhi annao || > When he was standing there, the sacrificer turned him away: / "I certainly will not give you alms, monk! Go beg elsewhere! > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.7) je ya veyaviū vippā jaṇṇaṭṭhā ya je diyā | joisaṃgaviū je ya je ya dhammāṇa pāragā || > "Those priests who are learned in the Vedas, and those twice-born who attend to sacrifices, / and those who know the limbs of astronomy, and those who have mastered the Dharmas, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.8) je samatthā samuddhattuṃ paraṃ appāṇameva ya | tesiṃ annamiṇaṃ deyaṃ bho bhikkhū! savvakāmiyaṃ || > "and who are capable of saving both others and themselves— / to them this food should be given, O monk, satisfying all desires!" > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.9) so evaṃ tattha paḍisiddho jāyageṇa mahāmunī | na vi ruṭṭho na vi tuṭṭho uttamaṭṭhagavesao || > That great sage, thus turned away there by the sacrificer, / was neither angered nor pleased, being a seeker of the highest goal. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.10) nannaṭṭhaṃ pāṇaheuṃ vā na vi nivvāhaṇāya vā | tesiṃ vimokkhaṇaṭṭhāe imaṃ vayaṇamabbavī || > Not for the sake of food, nor for the sake of life, nor for his sustenance, / but for the sake of their liberation, he spoke this word: > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.11) navi jāṇasi veyamuhaṃ navi jaṇṇāṇa jaṃ muhaṃ | nakkhattāṇa muhaṃ jaṃ ca jaṃ ca dhammāṇa vā muhaṃ || > "You do not know the mouth of the Veda, nor what is the mouth of sacrifices, / nor what is the mouth of the constellations, nor what is the mouth of the Dharmas, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.12) je samatthā samuddhattuṃ paraṃ appāṇameva ya | na me tumaṃ viyāṇāsi aha jāṇāsi to bhaṇa || > "nor who are capable of saving both others and themselves. / You do not know me; but if you know, then speak!" > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > "Nor do you know those who are able to save themselves and others; but if you do, then speak out!" > — Hermann Jacobi 1895, Uttarâdhyayana Sûtra (Gaina Sûtras II, SBE 45) ### [25.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.13) tassakkhevapamokkhaṃ ca acayaṃto tahiṃ dio | sapariso paṃjalī houṃ pucchaī taṃ mahāmuniṃ || > Unable to refute or dismiss his objection there, the twice-born, / with his assembly, joined his palms and asked that great sage: > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.14) veyāṇaṃ ca muhaṃ būhi būhi jaṇṇāṇa jaṃ muhaṃ | nakkhattāṇa muhaṃ būhi būhi dhammāṇa vā muhaṃ || > "Tell me the mouth of the Vedas, tell me what is the mouth of sacrifices! / Tell me the mouth of the constellations, tell me what is the mouth of the Dharmas! > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.15) je samatthā samuddhattuṃ paraṃ appāṇameva ya | eyaṃ me saṃsayaṃ savvaṃ sāhū kahaya pucchio || > "And who are capable of saving both others and themselves? / Resolve this entire doubt of mine, O virtuous mendicant, when asked!" > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.16) aggihottamuhā veyā jaṇṇaṭṭhī veyasā muhaṃ | nakkhattāṇa muhaṃ caṃdo dhammāṇaṃ kāsavo muhaṃ || > "The fire-sacrifice is the mouth of the Vedas; the sacrificer is the mouth of the sacrifice; / the moon is the mouth of the constellations; Kāśyapa is the mouth of the Dharmas. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.17) jahā caṃda gahāīyā ciṭṭhaṃtī paṃjalīuḍā | vaṃdamāṇā namaṃsaṃtā uttamaṃ manahāriṇo || > "Just as the planets and other stars stand with cupped hands before the moon, / praising and paying homage to that highest, captivating one, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.18) ajāṇagā jaṇṇavāī vijjāmāhaṇasaṃpayā | gūḍhā sajjhāyatavasā bhāsacchannā ivaggiṇo || > "so do the ignorant, boasting of sacrifice, with their learning and brāhmaṇical wealth; / but \[the true sages\], hidden by study and austerity, are like fires concealed by ashes. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.19) jo loe baṃbhaṇo vutto aggī vā mahio jahā | sayā kusalasaṃdiṭṭhaṃ taṃ vayaṃ būma māhaṇaṃ || > "He who is called a brāhmaṇa in the world, honored like fire, / always seen by the skillful—him we call a brāhmaṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.20) jo na sajjai āgaṃtuṃ pavvayato na soyaī | ramae ajjavayaṇaṃmi taṃ vayaṃ būma māhaṇaṃ || > "He who is not attached to what comes, does not grieve when departing, / and delights in the words of the noble—him we call a brāhmaṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.21) jāyarūvaṃ jahāmaṭṭhaṃ niddhaṃtamalapāvagaṃ | rāgaddosabhayāīyaṃ taṃ vayaṃ būma māhaṇaṃ || > "Just like refined gold, cleared of dross and fire, / free from attachment, aversion, and fear—him we call a brāhmaṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > "He who is exempt from love, hatred, and fear, (and who shines forth) like burnished gold, purified in fire, him we call a Brâhmana. > — Hermann Jacobi 1895, Uttarâdhyayana Sûtra (Gaina Sûtras II, SBE 45) ### [25.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.22) tavassiyaṃ kisaṃ daṃtaṃ avaciyamaṃsasoṇiyaṃ | suvvayaṃ pattanivvāṇaṃ taṃ vaya būma māhaṇaṃ || > "Austere, emaciated, restrained, with diminished flesh and blood, / keeping good vows, having attained nirvāṇa—him we call a brāhmaṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.23) tasapāṇe viyāṇettā saṃgaheṇa ya thāvare | jo na hiṃsai tiviheṇaṃ taṃ vayaṃ būma māhaṇaṃ || > "Recognizing mobile living beings and comprehensively the immobile ones, / he who does not harm them in the three ways—him we call a brāhmaṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.24) kohā vā jai vā hāsā lohā vā jai vā bhayā | musaṃ na vayaī jo u taṃ vayaṃ būma māhaṇaṃ || > "He who, whether from anger or merriment, or greed or fear, / does not speak falsehood—him we call a brāhmaṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.25) cittamaṃtamacittaṃ vā appaṃ vā jai vā bahuṃ | na geṇhai adattaṃ jo taṃ vayaṃ būma māhaṇaṃ || > "Living or non-living, whether small or great, / he who does not take what is not given—him we call a brāhmaṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.26) divvamānusatericchaṃ jo na sevai mehuṇaṃ | manasā kāyavakkeṇaṃ taṃ vayaṃ būma māhaṇaṃ || > "He who does not engage in sexual intercourse—divine, human, or animal— / in mind, body, or speech—him we call a brāhmaṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.27) jahā pomaṃ jale jāyaṃ novalippai vāriṇā | evaṃ alitto kāmehiṃ taṃ vayaṃ būma māhaṇaṃ || > "Just as a lotus born in water is not smeared by the water, / so unstained by desires—him we call a brāhmaṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.28) aloluyaṃ muhājīvī anagāraṃ akiṃcanaṃ | asaṃsattaṃ gihatthesu taṃ vayaṃ būma māhaṇaṃ || > "Free from greed, living on alms, a homeless mendicant, possessing nothing, / unattached to householders—him we call a brāhmaṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.29) pasubaṃdhā savvaveyā jaṭṭhaṃ ca pāvakammuṇā | na taṃ tāyaṃti dussīlaṃ kammāṇi balavaṃti ha || > "All the Vedas with their animal sacrifices, and whatever is offered through evil actions— / these do not protect the immoral person; deeds are indeed powerful! > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.30) na vi muṃḍieṇa samaṇo na oṃkāreṇa baṃbhaṇo | na munī raṇṇavāseṇaṃ kusacīreṇa na tāvaso || > "One is not a śramaṇa by shaving the head, nor a brāhmaṇa by \[chanting\] Om, / nor a sage by living in the forest, nor an ascetic by wearing kuśa grass and bark. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.31) samayāe samaṇo hoi baṃbhacereṇa baṃbhaṇo | nāṇeṇa ya munī hoi taveṇaṃ hoi tāvaso || > "By equanimity one becomes a śramaṇa; by celibacy a brāhmaṇa; / by knowledge one becomes a sage; by austerity one becomes an ascetic. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.32) kammuṇā baṃbhaṇo hoi kammuṇā hoi khattio | vaisso kammuṇā hoi suddo havai kammuṇā || > "By action one becomes a brāhmaṇa; by action one becomes a kṣatriya; / by action one becomes a vaiśya; by action one becomes a śūdra. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.33) ee pāukare buddhe jehiṃ hoi siṇāyao | savvakammavinimmukkaṃ taṃ vayaṃ būma māhaṇaṃ || > "These \[virtues\] the enlightened one proclaimed, by which one becomes bathed; / him who is completely released from all karma we call a brāhmaṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.34) evaṃ guṇasamāuttā je bhavaṃti diuttamā | te samatthā u uddhattuṃ paraṃ appāṇameva ya || > "Those who are the best of the twice-born, endowed with such qualities— / they indeed are capable of saving both others and themselves." > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.35) evaṃ tu saṃsae chinne vijayaghose ya māhaṇe | samudāya tayaṃ taṃ tu jayaghosaṃ mahāmuniṃ || > "When his doubt was thus dispelled, the brāhmaṇa Vijayaghosa / paid homage to that great sage Jayaghosa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.36) tuṭṭhe ya vijayaghose iṇamudāhu kayaṃjalī | māhaṇattaṃ jahābhūyaṃ suṭṭhu me uvadaṃsiyaṃ || > And delighted, Vijayaghosa said this with cupped hands: / "The nature of a true brāhmaṇa has been excellently shown to me! > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.37) tubbhe jaiyā jaṇṇāṇaṃ tubbhe veyaviū viū | joisaṃgaviū tubbhe tubbhe dhammāṇa pāragā || > "You are the celebrators of sacrifices; you are the knowers of the Vedas, the wise ones; / you know the limbs of astronomy; you have mastered the Dharmas; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.38) tubbhe samatthā uddhattuṃ paraṃ appāṇameva ya | tamanuggahaṃ karehamhaṃ bhikkheṇaṃ bhikkhauttamā || > "You are capable of saving both others and yourselves! / Bestow that favor upon us by \[accepting\] alms, O best of monks!" > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.39) na kajjaṃ majjha bhikkheṇa khippaṃ nikkhamasū diyā! | mā bhamihisi bhayāvaṭṭe ghore saṃsārasāgare || > "I have no need of alms; go forth quickly, O twice-born! / Do not wander in the dreadful ocean of the cycle of rebirth, a whirlpool of fear! > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.40) uvalevo hoi bhogesu abhogī novalippaī | bhogī bhamai saṃsāre abhogī vippamuccaī || > "There is defilement in pleasures; the one free from pleasures is not defiled. / The one pursuing pleasures wanders in the cycle of rebirth; the one free from pleasures is liberated. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > "There is glue (as it were) in pleasure: those who are not given to pleasure, are not soiled by it; those who love pleasures, must wander about in the Samsâra; those who do not, will be liberated. > — Hermann Jacobi 1895, Uttarâdhyayana Sûtra (Gaina Sûtras II, SBE 45) ### [25.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.41) ullo sukko ya do chūḍhā golayā maṭṭiyāmayā | do vi āvaḍiyā kuḍḍe jo ullo sotattha laggaī || > "Two balls made of clay are thrown, one wet and one dry; / both strike against a wall: the one that is wet sticks there. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.42) evaṃ laggaṃti dummehā je narā kāmalālasā | virattā u na laggaṃti jahā sukko u golao || > "So foolish men stick, who are lustful for desires; / but the detached do not stick, just like the dry ball." > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.43) evaṃ se vijayaghose jayaghosassa aṃtie | anagārassa nikkhaṃto dhammaṃ soccā anuttaraṃ || > Thus Vijayaghosa, in the presence of Jayaghosa, / having heard the supreme Dharma from the homeless mendicant, went forth from home. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [25.44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25.44) khavittā puvvakammāiṃ saṃjameṇa taveṇa ya | jayaghosavijayaghosā siddhiṃ pattā anuttaraṃ || –tti bemi || > Having destroyed their past karmas through self-restraint and austerity, / Jayaghosa and Vijayaghosa attained supreme perfection. — Thus I say. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ## Translations (4) - [Uttarajjhayaṇa: Hindi translation (Dīparatnasāgara, 2019)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2~hi-deepratnasagar2019.25.1) — Hindi - [Uttarâdhyayana Sûtra (Gaina Sûtras II, SBE 45)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2~en-jacobi.25.12) — Hermann Jacobi 1895, English - [Uttarajjhayaṇa: Gujarati translation (Dīparatnasāgara, 2020)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2~gu-deepratnasagar2020.25.1) — Gujarati - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2~en-mt.25.1) — English, machine translation ## Commentaries (5) - [Uttarajjhayaṇa: ṭīkānusārī vivecana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2!deepratnasagar.1318) — Muni Dīparatnasāgara 2000, Gujarati - [Uttarādhyayanaśiṣyahitā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2!santisuri.v29.p101) — Śāntisūri, Sanskrit - [Sukhabodhā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2!devendragani.p623) — Devendragaṇi, Sanskrit - [Uttarajjhayaṇanijjutti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2!niryukti) — Bhadrabāhu & Bhadrabāhu II, Māhārāṣṭrī Prakrit - [Uttarajjhayaṇacuṇṇi](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2!curni) — Jinadāsagaṇi Mahattara, Māhārāṣṭrī Prakrit ## Discussed in (8) - [Life in Ancient India as Depicted in the Jain Canons, with Commentaries: An Administrative, Economic, Social and Geographical Survey](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.jain-1947.c12.s2.t5.4) — Jain 1947, English - [History of Hindu Mathematics: A Source Book](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.datta-singh-1935.v1.c7.s2.6) — Datta & Singh 1935, English - [Prakrit Proper Names (Āgamic Index I)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.s4.808) — Mehta & Chandra 1970, English - [A History of Indian Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.literature.winternitz-1927.v2.c19.s3.t2.81) — Winternitz 1927, English - [Geschichte der indischen Litteratur](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.literature.winternitz-1905.v2.c17.s1.69) — Winternitz 1905, German - [The State in Ancient India: A Study in the Structure and Practical Working of Political Institutions in North India in Ancient Times](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.prasad-1928.c15.s1.11) — Prasad 1928, English - [Jain Miniature Paintings from Western India](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.chandra-1949.c6.10) — Chandra 1949, English - [A History of the Canonical Literature of the Jainas](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.literature.kapadia-1941.c11.133) — Kapadia 1941, English --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.sveta.mula.2.25) · Pramāṇa