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The Great Epic of the Bhārata dynasty 13.47

Vulgate (Nīlakaṇṭha's text) 13.47

Language
Sanskrit

13.47.1

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | sarvaśāstravidhānajña rājadharmaviduttama |
atīva saṃśayacchettā bhavānvai prathitaḥ kṣitau ||

13.47.2

kaścittu saṃśayo me'sti tanme brūhi pitāmaha |
jāte'sminsaṃśaye rājannānyaṃ pṛcchema kañcana ||

13.47.3

yathā nareṇa kartavyaṃ dharmamārgānuvartinā |
etatsarvaṃ mahābāho bhavānvyākhyātumarhati ||

13.47.5

catasro vihitā bhāryā brāhmaṇasya pitāmaha |
brāhmaṇī kṣatriyā vaiśyā śūdrā ca ratimicchataḥ |
tatra jāteṣu putreṣu sarvāsāṃ kurusattama |
ānupūrvyeṇa kasteṣāṃ pitryaṃ dāyādamarhati ||

13.47.6

kena vā kiṃ tato hāryaṃ pitṛvittātpitāmaha |
etadicchāmi kathitaṃ vibhāgasteṣu yaḥ smṛtaḥ ||

13.47.7

bhīṣma uvāca | brāhmaṇo kṣatriyo vaiśyastrayo varṇā dvijātayaḥ |
eteṣu vihito dharmo brāhmaṇasya yudhiṣṭhira ||

13.47.8

vaiṣamyādathavā lobhātkāmādvāpi parantapa |
brāhmaṇasya bhavecchūdrā na tu dṛṣṭāntataḥ smṛtā ||

13.47.9

śūdrāṃ śayanamāropya brāhmaṇo yātyadhogatim |
prāyaścittīyate cāpi vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā ||

13.47.10

tatra jāteṣvapatyeṣu dviguṇaṃ syādyudhiṣṭhira |
āpadyamānamṛkthaṃ tu sampravakṣyāmi bhārata ||

13.47.11

lakṣaṇyaṃ govṛṣo yānaṃ yatpradhānatamaṃ bhavet |
brāhmaṇyāstaddharetputra ekāṃśaṃ vai piturdhanāt ||

13.47.12

śeṣaṃ tu daśadhā kāryaṃ brāhmaṇasvaṃ yudhiṣṭhira |
tatra tenaiva hartavyāścatvāro'ṃśāḥ piturdhanāt ||

13.47.13

kṣatriyāyāstu yaḥ putro brāhmaṇaḥ so'pyasaṃśayaḥ |
sa tu māturviśeṣeṇa trīnaṃśānhartumarhati ||

13.47.14

varṇe tṛtīye jātastu vaiśyāyāṃ brāhmaṇādapi |
dviraṃśastena hartavyo brāhmaṇasvādyudhiṣṭhira ||

13.47.15

śūdrāyāṃ brāhmaṇājjāto nityādeyadhanaḥ smṛtaḥ |
alpaṃ cāpi pradātavyaṃ śūdrāputrāya bhārata ||

13.47.16

daśadhā pravibhaktasya dhanasyaiṣa bhavetkramaḥ |
savarṇāsu tu jātānāṃ samān bhāgānprakalpayet ||

13.47.17

abrāhmaṇaṃ tu manyante śūdrāputramanaipuṇāt |
triṣu varṇeṣu jāto hi brāhmaṇādbrāhmaṇo bhavet ||

13.47.18

smṛtāśca varṇāścatvāraḥ pañcamo nādhigamyate |
harecca daśamaṃ bhāgaṃ śūdrāputraḥ piturdhanāt ||

13.47.19

tattu dattaṃ haretpitrā nādattaṃ hartumarhati |
avaśyaṃ hi dhanaṃ deyaṃ śūdrāputrāya bhārata ||

13.47.20

ānṛśaṃsyaṃ paro dharma iti tasmai pradīyate |
yatra tatra samutpannaṃ guṇāyaivopapadyate ||

13.47.21

yadyapyeṣa saputraḥ syādaputro yadi vā bhavet |
nādhikaṃ daśamāddadyācchūdrāputrāya bhārata ||

13.47.22

traivārṣikādyadā bhaktādadhikaṃ syādvijasya tu |
yajeta tena dravyeṇa na vṛthā sādhayeddhanam ||

13.47.23

trisahasraparo dāyaḥ striyai deyo dhanasya vai |
bhartrā tacca dhanaṃ dattaṃ yathārhaṃ bhoktumarhati ||

13.47.24

strīṇāṃ tu patidāyādyamupabhogaphalaṃ smṛtam |
nāpahāraṃ striyaḥ kuryuḥ pativittātkathañcana ||

13.47.25

striyāstu yadbhavedvittaṃ pitrā dattaṃ yudhiṣṭhira |
brāhmaṇyāstaddharetkanyā yathā putrastathā hi sā ||

13.47.26

sā hi putrasamā rājanvihitā kurunandana |
evameva samuddiṣṭo dharmo vai bharatarṣabha |
evaṃ dharmamanusmṛtya na vṛthā sādhayeddhanam ||

13.47.27

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | śūdrāyāṃ brāhmaṇājjāto yadyadeyadhanaḥ smṛtaḥ |
kena prativiśeṣeṇa daśamo'pyasya dīyate ||

13.47.28

brāhmaṇyāṃ brāhmaṇājjāto brāhmaṇaḥ syānna saṃśayaḥ |
kṣatriyāyāṃ tathaiva syādvaiśyāyāmapi caiva hi ||

13.47.29

kasmāttu viṣamaṃ bhāgaṃ bhajerannṛpasattama |
yadā sarve trayo varṇāstvathoktā brāhmaṇā iti ||

13.47.30

bhīṣma uvāca | dārā ityucyate loke nāmnaikena parantapa |
proktena caiva nāmnā'yaṃ viśeṣaḥ sumahānbhavet ||

13.47.31

tisraḥ kṛtvā puro bhāryāḥ paścādvindeta brāhmaṇīm |
sā jyeṣṭhā sā ca pūjyā syātsā ca bhāryā garīyasī ||

13.47.32

snānaṃ prasādhanaṃ bharturdantadhāvanamañjanam |
havyaṃ kavyaṃ ca yaccānyaddharmayuktaṃ gṛhe bhavet ||

13.47.33

na tasyāṃ jātu tiṣṭhantyāmanyā tatkartumarhati |
brāhmaṇī tveva kuryādvā brāhmaṇasya yudhiṣṭhira ||

13.47.34

annaṃ pānaṃ ca māmyaṃ ca vāsāṃsyābharaṇāni ca |
brāhmaṇyaitāni deyāni bhartuḥ sā hi garīyasī ||

13.47.35

manunābhihitaṃ śāsraṃ yaccāpi kurunandana |
tatrāpyeṣa mahārāja dṛṣṭo dharmaḥ sanatanaḥ ||

13.47.36

atha cedanyathā kuryādyadi kāmādyudhiṣṭhira |
yathā brāhmaṇacāṇḍālaḥ pūrvadṛṣṭastathaiva saḥ ||

13.47.37

brāhmaṇyāḥ sadṛśaḥ putraḥ kṣatriyāyāśca yo bhavet |
rājanviśeṣo yastvatra varṇayorubhayorapi ||

13.47.38

na tu jātyā samāloke brāhmaṇyāḥ kṣatriyābhavet |
brāhmaṇyāḥ prathamaḥ putro bhūyānsyādrājasattama ||

13.47.39

bhūyo bhūyo'pi saṃhāryaḥ pitṛvittādyudhiṣṭhira |
yathā na sadṛśī jātu brāhmaṇyāḥ kṣatriyā bhavet ||

13.47.40

kṣatriyāyāstathā vaiśyā na jātu sahaśī bhavet |
śrīśca rājyaṃ ca kośaśca kṣatriyāṇāṃ yudhiṣṭhira ||

13.47.41

vihitaṃ dṛśyate rājansāgarāntāṃ ca medinīm |
kṣatriyo hi svadharmeṇa śriyaṃ prāpnoti bhūyasīm ||

13.47.42

rājā daṇḍadharo rājan rakṣā nānyatra kṣatriyāt |
brāhmaṇā hi mahābhāgā devānāmapi devatāḥ |
teṣu rājanpravarteta pūjayā vidhipūrvakam ||

13.47.43

praṇītamṛṣibhirjñātvā dharmaṃ śāśvatamavyayam |
lupyamānaṃ svadharmeṇa kṣatriyo hyeṣa rakṣati ||

13.47.44

dasyubhirhriyamāṇaṃ ca dhanaṃ dārāṃśca sarvaśaḥ |
sarveṣāmeva varṇānāṃ trātā bhavati pārthivaḥ ||

13.47.45

bhūyānsyātkṣatriyāputro vaiśyāputrānna saṃśayaḥ |
bhūyastenāpi hartavyaṃ pitṛvittādyudhiṣṭhira ||

13.47.46

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | uktaṃ te vidhivadrājanbrāhmaṇasya pitāmaha |
itareṣāṃ tu varṇānāṃ kathaṃ vai niyamo bhavet ||

13.47.47

bhīṣma uvāca | kṣatriyasyāpi bhārye dve vihite kurunandana |
tṛtīyā ca bhavecchūdrā na tu dṛṣṭāntataḥ smṛtā ||

13.47.48

eṣa eva kramo hi syātkṣatriyāṇāṃ yudhiṣṭhira |
aṣṭadhā tu bhavetkāryaṃ kṣatriyasvaṃ janādhipa ||

13.47.49

kṣatriyāyā haretputraścaturoṃśānpiturdhanāt |
yuddhāvahārikaṃ yacca pituḥ syātsa harettu tat ||

13.47.50

vaiśyāputrastu bhāgāṃstrīn śūdrāputrastathā'ṣṭamam |
so'pi dattaṃ haretpitrā nādattaṃ hartumarhati ||

13.47.51

ekaiva hi bhavedbhāryā vaiśyasya kurunandana |
dvitīyā tu bhavecchūdrā na tu dṛṣṭāntataḥ smṛtā ||

13.47.52

vaiśyasya vartamānasya vaiśyāyāṃ bharatarṣabha |
śūdrāyāṃ cāpi kaunteya tayorviniyamaḥ smṛtaḥ ||

13.47.53

pañcadhā tu bhavetkāryaṃ vaiśyasvaṃ bharatarṣabha |
tayorapatye vakṣyāmi vibhāgaṃ ca janādhipa ||

13.47.54

vaiśyāputreṇa hartavyāścatvāroṃśāḥ piturdhanāt |
pañcamastu smṛto bhāgaḥ śūdrāputrāya bhārata ||

13.47.55

so'pi dattaṃ haretpitrā nādattaṃ hartumarhati |
tribhirvarṇaiḥ sadā jātaḥ śūdro'deyadhano bhavet ||

13.47.56

śūdrasya syātsavarṇaiva bhāryā nānyā kathañcana |
samabhāgāśca putrāḥ syuryadi putraśataṃ bhavet ||

13.47.57

jātānāṃ samavarṇāyāḥ putrāṇāmaviśeṣataḥ |
sarveṣāmeva varṇānāṃ samabhāgo dhanātsmṛtaḥ ||

13.47.58

jyeṣṭhasya bhāgo jyeṣṭhaḥ syādekāṃśo yaḥ pradhānataḥ |
eṣa dāyavidhiḥ pārtha pūrvamuktaḥ svayambhuvā ||

13.47.59

samavarṇāsu jātānāṃ viśeṣo'styaparo nṛpa |
vivāhavaiśiṣṭyakṛtaḥ pūrvapūrvo viśiṣyate ||

13.47.60

harejjyeṣṭhaḥ pradhānāṃśamekaṃ tulyāsu teṣvapi |
madhyamo madhyamaṃ caiva kanīyāṃstu kanīyasam ||

13.47.61

evaṃ jātiṣu sarvāsu savarṇaḥ śreṣṭhatāṃ gataḥ |
maharṣirapi caitadvai mārīcaḥ kāśyapo'bravīt ||

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