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The Great Epic of the Bhārata dynasty 13.48

Vulgate (Nīlakaṇṭha's text) 13.48

Language
Sanskrit

13.48.1

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | arthāllobhādvā kāmādvā varṇānāṃ cāpyaniścayāt |
ajñānādvāpi varṇānāṃ jāyate varṇasaṅkaraḥ ||

13.48.2

teṣāmetena vidhinā jātānāṃ varṇasaṅkare |
ko dharmaḥ kāni karmāṇi tanme brūhi pitāmaha ||

13.48.3

bhīṣma uvāca | cāturvarṇyasya karmāṇi cāturvarṇyaṃ ca kevalam |
asṛjatsa hi yajñārthe pūrvameva prajāpatiḥ ||

13.48.4

bhāryāścatasro viprasya dvayorātmā prajāyate |
ānupūrvyādvayorhīnau mātṛjātyau prasūyataḥ ||

13.48.5

paraṃśavādbrāhmaṇasyaiva putraḥ śūdrāputraṃ pāraśavaṃ tamāhuḥ |
śuśrūṣakaḥ svasya kulasya sa syātsvacāritraṃ nityamatho na jahyāt ||

13.48.6

sarvānupāyānatha sampradhārya samuddharet svasya kulasya tantram |
jyeṣṭho yavīyānapi yo dvijasya śuśrūṣayā dānaparāyaṇaḥ syāt ||

13.48.7

tisraḥ kṣatriyasambandhāddvayorātmā'sya jāyate |
hīnavarṇāstṛtīyāyāṃ śūdrā ugrā iti smṛtiḥ ||

13.48.8

dve cāpī bhārye vaiśyasya dvayorātmā'sya jāyate |
śūdrā śūdrasya cāpyekā śūdrameva prajāyate ||

13.48.9

ato'pi śiṣṭastvadhamo gurudārapradharṣakaḥ |
bāhyaṃ varṇaṃ janayati cāturvarṇyavigarhitam ||

13.48.10

viprāyāṃ kṣatriyo bāhyaṃ sūtaṃ stomakriyāparam |
vaiśyo vaidehakaṃ cāpi maudgalyamapavarjitam ||

13.48.11

śūdraścāṇḍālamatyugraṃ vadhyaghnaṃ bāhyavāsinam |
brāhmaṇyāṃ samprajāyanta ityete kulapāṃsanāḥ |
ete matimatāṃ śreṣṭhe varṇasaṅkarajāḥ prabho ||

13.48.12

bandī tu jāyate vaiśyānmāgadho vākyajīvanaḥ |
śūdrānniṣādo matsyaghnaḥ kṣatriyāyāṃ vyatikramāt ||

13.48.13

śūdrādāyogavaścāpi vaiśyāyāṃ grāmyadharmiṇaḥ |
brāhmaṇairapratigrāhyastakṣā svadhanajīvanaḥ ||

13.48.14

ete'pi sadṛśān varṇān janayanti svayoniṣu |
mātṛjātyāḥ prasūyante hyavarā hīnayoniṣu ||

13.48.15

yathā caturṣu varṇeṣu dvayorātmāsya jāyate |
ānantaryātprajāyante tathā bāhyāḥ pradhānataḥ ||

13.48.16

te cāpi sadṛśaṃ varṇaṃ janayanti svayoniṣu |
parasparasya dāreṣu janayanti vigarhitān ||

13.48.17

yathā śūdro'pi brāhmaṇyāṃ jantuṃ bāhyaṃ prasūyate |
evaṃ bāhyatarādbāhyaścāturvarṇyatprajāyate ||

13.48.18

pratilomaṃ tu vardhante bāhyādbāhyatarātpunaḥ |
hīnāddhīnāḥ prasūyante varṇāḥ pañcadaśaiva tu ||

13.48.19

agamyāgamanāccaiva jāyate varṇasaṅkaraḥ |
bāhyānāmanujāyante sairandhryāṃ māgadheṣu ca |
prasādhanopacārajñamadāsaṃ dāsajīvanam ||

13.48.20

ataścāyogavaṃ sūte vāgurābandhajīvanam |
maireyakaṃ ca vaidehaḥ samprasūte'tha mādhukam ||

13.48.21

niṣādo madguraṃ sūte dāsaṃ nāvopajīvinam |
mṛtapaṃ cāpi cāṇḍālaḥ śvapākamiti viśrutam ||

13.48.22

caturo māgadhī sute krūrānmāyopajīvinaḥ |
māṃsaṃ svādukaraṃ kṣaudraṃ saugandhamiti viśrutam ||

13.48.22_2

vaidehakācca pāpiṣṭhā krūraṃ māyopajīvinam |
niṣādānmadranābhaṃ ca kharayānaprayāyinam ||

13.48.24

cāṇḍālātpulkasaṃ cāpi kharāśvagajabhojinam |
mṛtacailapraticchannaṃ bhinnabhājanabhojinam ||

13.48.25

āyogavīṣu jāyante hīnavarṇāstu te trayaḥ |
kṣudro vaidehakādandhro bahirgrāmapratiśrayaḥ ||

13.48.26

kārāvaro niṣādyāṃ tu carmakāraḥ prasūyate |
cāṇḍālātpāṇḍusaupākastvaksāravyavahāravān ||

13.48.27

āhiṇḍako niṣādena vaidehyāṃ samprasūyate |
caṇḍālena tu saupākaścaṇḍālasamavṛttimān ||

13.48.28

niṣādī cāpi cāṇḍālātputramantevasāyinam |
śmaśānagocaraṃ sūte bāhyairapi bahiṣkṛtam ||

13.48.29

ityete saṅkare jātāḥ pitṛmātṛvyatikramāt |
pracchannā vā prakāśā vā veditavyāḥ svakarmabhiḥ ||

13.48.30

caturṇāmeva varṇānāṃ dharmo nānyasya vidyate |
varṇānāṃ dharmahīneṣu saṅkhyā nāstīha kasyacit ||

13.48.31

yadṛcchayopasampannairyajñasādhubahiṣkṛtaiḥ |
bāhyā bāhyaiśca jāyante yathāvṛtti yathāśrayam ||

13.48.32

catuṣpathaśmaśānāni śailāṃścānyānvanaspatīn |
kārṣṇāyasamalaṅkāraṃ parigṛhya ca nityaśaḥ ||

13.48.33

vaseyurete vijñātā vartayantaḥ svakarmabhiḥ |
yuñjanto vāpyalaṅkārāṃstathopakaraṇāni ca ||

13.48.34

gobrāhmaṇāya sāhāyyaṃ kurvāṇā vai na saṃśayaḥ |
ānṛśaṃsyamanukrośaḥ satyavākyaṃ tathā kṣamā ||

13.48.35

svaśarīrairāpi trāṇaṃ bāhyānāṃ siddhikāraṇam |
bhavanti manujavyāghra tatra me nāsti saṃśayaḥ ||

13.48.36

yathopadeśaṃ parikīrtitāsu naraḥ prajāyate vicārya buddhimān |
nihīnayonirhi suto'vasādayettitīrṣamāṇaṃ hi yathopalo jale ||

13.48.37

avidvāṃsamalaṃ loke vidvāṃsamapi vā punaḥ |
nayanti hyapathaṃ nāryaḥ kāmakrodhavaśānugam ||

13.48.38

svabhāvaścaiva nārīṇāṃ narāṇāmiha dūṣaṇam |
atyarthaṃ na prasajjante pramadāsu vipaścitaḥ ||

13.48.39

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | varṇāpetamavijñāya naraṃ kaluṣayonijam |
āryarūpamivānāryaṃ kathaṃ vidyāmahe vayam ||

13.48.40

bhīṣma uvāca | yonisaṅkaluṣe jātaṃ nānābhāvasamanvitam |
karmabhiḥ sajjanācīrṇairvijñeyā yoniśuddhatā ||

13.48.41

anāryatvamanācāraḥ krūratvaṃ niṣkriyātmatā |
puruṣaṃ vyañjayantīha loke kaluṣayonijam ||

13.48.42

pitryaṃ vā bhajate śīlaṃ mātṛjaṃ vā tathobhayam |
na kathañcana saṅkīrṇaḥ prakṛtiṃ svāṃ niyacchati ||

13.48.43

yathaiva sadṛśo rūpe mātāpitrorhi jāyate |
vyāghraścitraistathā yoniṃ puruṣaḥ svāṃ niyacchati ||

13.48.44

kule srotasi sañcchanne yasya syādyonisaṅkaraḥ |
saṃśrayatyeva tacchīlaṃ naro'lpamathavā bahu ||

13.48.45

āryarūpasamācāraṃ carantaṃ kṛtake pathi |
suvarṇamanyavarṇaṃ vā svaśīlaṃ śāsti niścaye ||

13.48.46

nānāvṛtteṣu bhūteṣu nānākarmarateṣu ca |
janmavṛttasamaṃ loke suśliṣṭaṃ na virajyate ||

13.48.47

śarīramiha sattvena na tasya parikṛṣyate |
jyeṣṭhamadhyāvaraṃ sattvaṃ tulyasattvaṃ pramodate ||

13.48.48

jyāyāṃsamapi śīlena vihīnaṃ naiva pūjayet |
api śūdraṃ ca dharmajñaṃ sadvṛttamabhipūjayet ||

13.48.49

ātmānamākhyāti hi karmabhirnaraḥ suśīlacāritrakulaiḥ śubhāśubhaiḥ |
pranaṣṭamapyāśu kulaṃ tathā naraḥ punaḥ prakāśaṃ kurute svakarmataḥ ||

13.48.50

yoniṣvetāsu sarvāsu saṅkīrṇāsvitarāsu ca |
yatrātmānaṃ na janayedbudhastāṃ parivarjayet ||

Other recensions (1)