The Great Epic of the Bhārata dynasty 2.4: atha caturtho'dhyāyaḥ
Mahābhārata 2.4
- Language
- Sanskrit
atha caturtho'dhyāyaḥ
2.4.1
vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca |
tataḥ praveśanaṃ cakre tasyāṃ rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ |
ayutaṃ bhojayāmāsa brāhmaṇānāṃ narādhipaḥ || 1 ||
"Vaisampayana said,--"Then that chief of men, king Yudhishthira, entered that palatial sabha having first fed ten thousand Brahmanas with preparations of milk and rice mixed with clarified butter and honey with fruits and roots, and with pork and venison. The king gratified those superior Brahmanas, who had come from various countries with food seasoned with seasamum and prepared with vegetables called jibanti, with rice mixed with clarified butter, with different preparations of meat--with indeed various kinds of other food, as also numberless viands that are fit to be sucked and innumerable kinds of drinks, with new and unused robes and clothes, and with excellent floral wreaths. The king also gave unto each of those Brahmanas a thousand kine. And, O Bharata, the voice of the gratified Brahmanas uttering,--'What an auspicious day is this! became so loud that it seemed to reach heaven itself. And when the Kuru king entered the palatial sabha having also worshipped the gods with various kinds of music and numerous species of excellent and costly perfumes, the athletes and mimes and prize-fighters and bards and encomiasts began to gratify that illustrious son of Dharma by exhibiting their skill. And thus celebrating his entry into the palace, Yudhishthira with his brothers sported within that palace like Sakra himself in heaven.
2.4.2
ghṛtapāyasena madhunā bhakṣyairmūlaphalaistathā |
ahataiścaiva vāsobhirmālyairuccāvacairapi || 2 ||
2.4.3
dadau tebhyaḥ sahasrāṇi gavāṃ pratyekaśaḥ prabhuḥ |
puṇyāhaghoṣastatrāsīddivaspṛgiva bhārata || 3 ||
2.4.4
vāditrairvividhairgītairgandhairuccāvacairapi |
pūjayitvā kuruśreṣṭho daivatāni niveśya ca || 4 ||
2.4.5
tatra mallā naṭā jhallāḥ sūtā vaitālikāstathā |
upatasthurmahātmānaṃ saptarātraṃ yudhiṣṭhiram || 5 ||
2.4.6
tathā sa kṛtvā pūjāṃ tāṃ bhrātṛbhiḥ saha pāṇḍavaḥ |
tasyāṃ sabhāyāṃ ramyāyāṃ reme śakro yathā divi || 6 ||
2.4.7
sabhāyāmṛṣayastasyāṃ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha āsate |
āsāṃ cakrurnarendrāśca nānādeśasamāgatāḥ || 7 ||
Upon the seats in that palace sat, along with the Pandavas, Rishis and kings that came from various countries, viz., Asita and Devala, Satya, Sarpamali and Mahasira; Arvavasu, Sumitra, Maitreya, Sunaka and Vali; Vaka, Dalvya, Sthulasira, Krishna-Dwaipayana, and Suka Sumanta, Jaimini, Paila, and the disciples of Vyasa, viz., ourselves; Tittiri, Yajanavalkya, and Lomaharshana with his son; Apsuhomya, Dhaumya, Animandavya; and Kausika; Damoshnisha and Traivali, Parnada, and Varayanuka, Maunjayana, Vayubhaksha, Parasarya, and Sarika; Valivaka, Silivaka, Satyapala, and Krita-srama; Jatukarna, and Sikhavat. Alamva and Parijataka; the exalted Parvata, and the great Muni Markandeya; Pavitrapani, Savarna, Bhaluki, and Galava. Janghabandhu, Raibhya, Kopavega, and Bhrigu: Harivabhru, Kaundinya, Vabhrumali, and Sanatana, Kakshivat, and Ashija, Nachiketa, and Aushija, Nachiketa, and Gautama; Painga, Varaha, Sunaka, and Sandilya of great ascetic merit: Kukkura, Venujangha, Kalapa and Katha;--these virtuous and learned Munis with senses and souls under complete control, and many others as numerous, all well-skilled in the Vedas and Vedangas and conversant with (rules of) morality and pure and spotless in behaviour, waited on the illustrious Yudhishthira, and gladdened him by their sacred discourses. And so also numerous principal Kshatriyas, such as the illustrious and virtuous Mujaketu, Vivarddhana, Sangramjit, Durmukha, the powerful Ugrasena;
2.4.8
asito devalaḥ satyaḥ sarpamālī mahāśirāḥ |
arvāvasuḥ sumitraśca maitreyaḥ śunako baliḥ || 8 ||
2.4.9
bako dālbhyaḥ sthūlaśirāḥ kṛṣṇadvaipāyanaḥ śukaḥ |
sumanturjaiminiḥ pailo vyāsaśiṣyāstathā vayam || 9 ||
2.4.10
tittiriryājñavalkyaśca sasuto lomaharṣaṇaḥ |
apsuhomyaśca dhaumyaśca āṇīmāṇḍavyakauśikau || 10 ||
2.4.11
dāmoṣṇīṣastraivaṇiśca parṇādo ghaṭajānukaḥ |
mauñjāyano vāyubhakṣaḥ pārāśaryaśca sārikau || 11 ||
2.4.12
balavākaḥ śinīvākaḥ sutyapālaḥ kṛtaśramaḥ |
jātūkarṇaḥ śikhāvāṃśca subalaḥ pārijātakaḥ || 12 ||
2.4.13
parvataśca mahābhāgo mārkaṇḍeyastathā muniḥ |
pavitrapāṇiḥ sāvarṇirbhālukirgālavastathā || 13 ||
2.4.14
jaṅghābandhuśca raibhyaśca kopavegaśravā bhṛguḥ |
haribabhruśca kauṇḍinyo babhrumālī sanātanaḥ || 14 ||
2.4.15
kakṣīvānauśijaścaiva nāciketo'tha gautamaḥ |
paiṅgo varāhaḥ śunakaḥ śāṇḍilyaśca mahātapāḥ |
karkaro veṇujaṅghaśca kalāpaḥ kaṭha eva ca || 15 ||
2.4.16
munayo dharmasahitā dhṛtātmāno jitendriyāḥ |
ete cānye ca bahavo vedavedāṅgapāragāḥ || 16 ||
2.4.17
upāsate mahātmānaṃ sabhāyāmṛṣisattamāḥ |
kathayantaḥ kathāḥ puṇyā dharmajñāḥ śucayo'malāḥ || 17 ||
2.4.18
tathaiva kṣatriyaśreṣṭhā dharmarājamupāsate |
śrīmānmahātmā dharmātmā muñjaketurvivardhanaḥ || 18 ||
2.4.19
saṃgrāmajiddurmukhaśca ugrasenaśca vīryavān |
kakṣasenaḥ kṣitipatiḥ kṣemakaścāparājitaḥ |
kāmbojarājaḥ kamalaḥ kampanaśca mahābalaḥ || 19 ||
Kakshasena, the lord of the Earth, Kshemaka the invincible; Kamatha, the king of Kamvoja, and the mighty Kampana who alone made the Yavanas to ever tremble at his name just as the god that wieldeth the thunder-bolt maketh those Asuras, the Kalakeyas, tremble before him; Jatasura, and the king of the Madrakas, Kunti, Pulinda the king of the Kiratas, and the kings of Anga and Vanga, and Pandrya, and the king of Udhara, and Andhaka; Sumitra, and Saivya that slayer of foes; Sumanas, the king of the Kiratas, and Chanur the King of the Yavanas, Devarata, Bhoja, and the so called Bhimaratha, Srutayudha--the king of Kalinga, Jayasena the king of Magadha; and Sukarman, and Chekitana, and Puru that slayer of foes; Ketumata, Vasudana, and Vaideha and Kritakshana: Sudharman, Aniruddha, Srutayu endued with great strength; the invincible Anuparaja, the handsome Karmajit; Sisupala with his son, the king of Karusha; and the invincible youths of the Vrishni race, all equal in beauty unto the celestials, viz., Ahuka, Viprithu, Sada, Sarana, Akrura, Kritavarman, and Satyaka, the son of Sini; and Bhismaka, Ankriti, and the powerful Dyumatsena, those chief of bowmen viz., the Kaikeyas and Yajnasena of the Somaka race; these Kshatriyas endured with great might, all well-armed and wealthy, and many others also regarded as the foremost, all waited upon Yudhishthira, the son of Kunti, in that Sabha, desirous of ministering to his happiness.
2.4.20
satataṃ kampayāmāsa yavanāneka eva yaḥ |
yathāsurānkālakeyāndevo vajradharastathā || 20 ||
2.4.21
jaṭāsuro madrakāntaśca rājā kuntiḥ kuṇindaśca kirātarājaḥ |
tathāṅgavaṅgau saha puṇḍrakeṇa pāṇḍyoḍrarājau saha cāndhrakeṇa || 21 ||
2.4.22
kirātarājaḥ sumanā yavanādhipatistathā |
cāṇūro devarātaśca bhojo bhīmarathaśca yaḥ || 22 ||
2.4.23
śrutāyudhaśca kāliṅgo jayatsenaśca māgadhaḥ |
suśarmā cekitānaśca suratho'mitrakarṣaṇaḥ || 23 ||
2.4.24
ketumānvasudānaśca vaideho'tha kṛtakṣaṇaḥ |
sudharmā cāniruddhaśca śrutāyuśca mahābalaḥ || 24 ||
2.4.25
anūparājo durdharṣaḥ kṣemajicca sudakṣiṇaḥ |
śiśupālaḥ sahasutaḥ karūṣādhipatistathā || 25 ||
2.4.26
vṛṣṇīnāṃ caiva durdharṣāḥ kumārā devarūpiṇaḥ |
āhuko vipṛthuścaiva gadaḥ sāraṇa eva ca || 26 ||
2.4.27
akrūraḥ kṛtavarmā ca sātyakiśca śineḥ sutaḥ |
bhīṣmako'thāhṛtiścaiva dyumatsenaśca vīryavān |
kekayāśca maheṣvāsā yajñasenaśca saumakiḥ || 27 ||
2.4.28
arjunaṃ cāpi saṃśritya rājaputrā mahābalāḥ |
aśikṣanta dhanurvedaṃ rauravājinavāsasaḥ || 28 ||
And those princes also, endued with great strength, who dressing themselves in deer-skins learnt the science of weapons under Arjuna, waited upon Yudhishthira. And O king, the princes also of the Vrishni race, viz., Pradyumna (the son of Rukmini) and Samva, and Yuyudhana the son of Satyaki and Sudharman and Aniruddha and Saivya that foremost of men who had learnt the science of arms under Arjuna these and many other kings, O lord of the Earth, used to wait on Yudhishthira on that occasion. And that friend of Dhananjaya, Tumvuru, and the Gandharva Chittasena with his ministers, any many other Gandharvas and Apsaras, well-skilled in vocal and instrumental music and in cadence and Kinnaras also well-versed in (musical) measures and motions singing celestial tunes in proper and charming voices, waited upon and gladdened the sons of Pandu and the Rishis who sat in that Sabha. And seated in that Sabha, those bull among men, of rigid vows and devoted to truth, all waited upon Yudhishthira like the celestials in heaven waiting upon Brahma."
2.4.29
tatraiva śikṣitā rājankumārā vṛṣṇinandanāḥ |
raukmiṇeyaśca sāmbaśca yuyudhānaśca sātyakiḥ || 29 ||
2.4.30
ete cānye ca bahavo rājānaḥ pṛthivīpate |
dhanaṃjayasakhā cātra nityamāste sma tumburuḥ || 30 ||
2.4.31
citrasenaḥ sahāmātyo gandharvāpsarasastathā |
gītavāditrakuśalāḥ śamyātālaviśāradāḥ || 31 ||
2.4.32
pramāṇe'tha layasthāne kiṃnarāḥ kṛtaniśramāḥ |
saṃcoditāstumburuṇā gandharvāḥ sahitā jaguḥ || 32 ||
2.4.33
gāyanti divyatānaiste yathānyāyaṃ manasvinaḥ |
pāṇḍuputrānṛṣīṃścaiva ramayanta upāsate || 33 ||
2.4.34
tasyāṃ sabhāyāmāsīnāḥ suvratāḥ satyasaṃgarāḥ |
divīva devā brahmāṇaṃ yudhiṣṭhiramupāsate || 34 ||
Translations (1)
- The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa — Kisari Mohan Ganguli 1883, English
Commentaries (5)
- Bhāratabhāvadīpa — Nīlakaṇṭha Caturdhara 1650, Sanskrit
- Jñānadīpikā — Devabodha, Sanskrit
- Lakṣaślokālaṅkāra — Vādirāja, Sanskrit
- Mahābhārataṭīkā — Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita, Sanskrit
- Lakṣābharaṇa — Vādirāja Sūri, Sanskrit
Other recensions (2)
- Southern recension — Sanskrit
- Vulgate (Nīlakaṇṭha's text) — Sanskrit
Linked texts (8)
- Purāṇic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Purāṇic Literature — Vettam Mani, English
- The Great Epic of India: Its Character and Origin — E. W. Hopkins, English
- History of Dharmaśāstra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) — P. V. Kane, English
- Altindische Grammatik — Jacob Wackernagel & Albert Debrunner, German
- A Concise History of Science in India — D. M. Bose & Surendra Nath Sen, English
- Political History of Ancient India, from the Accession of Parikshit to the Extinction of the Gupta Dynasty — Hemchandra Raychaudhuri, English
- The Social and Military Position of the Ruling Caste in Ancient India, as Represented by the Sanskrit Epic — E. W. Hopkins, English
- Epic Mythology — Edward Washburn Hopkins, English