[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Medicine](https://indike.org/pramana/in.med) › [Early and ascribed compendia](https://indike.org/pramana/in.med.samhita) › [The Compendium of Caraka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.med.samhita.caraka) › 3.4.7 # The Compendium of Caraka 3.4.7 Carakasaṃhitā 3.4.7 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [3.4.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.med.samhita.caraka.3.4.7) pratyakṣatastu khalu rogatattvaṃ bubhutsuḥ sarvairindriyaiḥ sarvānindriyārthānāturaśarīragatān parīkṣeta, anyatra rasajñānāt; tadyathā---antrakūjanaṃ, sandhisphuṭanamaṅgulīparvaṇāṃ ca, svaraviśeṣāṃśca, ye cānye 'api keciccharīropagatāḥ śabdāḥ syu(s)tāñchrotreṇa parīkṣeta; \*varṇasaṃsthānapramāṇacchāyāḥ, śarīraprakṛtivikārau, cakṣurvaiṣayikāṇi yāni cānyānyanuktāni tāni cakṣuṣā parīkṣeta; rasaṃ tu khalvāturaśarīragatamindriyavaiṣayikamapyanumānādavagacchet, na hyasya pratyakṣeṇa grahaṇamupapadyate, tasmādāturaparipraśnenaivāturamukharasaṃ vidyāt, yūkāpasarpaṇena tvasya śarīravairasyaṃ, makṣikopasarpaṇena śarīramādhuryaṃ, lohitapittasaṃdehe tu kiṃ dhārilohitaṃ lohitapittaṃ veti śvakākabhakṣaṇāddhārilohitamabhakṣaṇāllohitapittamityanumātavyam, evamanyānapyāturaśarīragatān rasānanumimīta; gandhāṃstu khalu sarvaśarīragatānāturasya prakṛtivaikārikān ghrāṇena parīkṣeta; sparśaṃ ca pāṇinā prakṛtivikṛtiyuktam/ > Desiring to know the true nature of a disease through direct perception, however, one should examine with all sense organs all sense objects present in the patient's body, except for the perception of taste. That is to say: gurgling of the intestines, cracking of joints and finger knuckles, variations in voice, and whatever other sounds occur in the body, one should examine with the ear; color, configuration, measurement, complexion, the normal and morbid conditions of the body, and whatever other \[features\] belong to the domain of the eye that are not mentioned, one should examine with the eye; but the taste present in the patient's body, although an object of the senses, one should understand through inference, for its apprehension through direct perception is not appropriate; therefore, one should know the taste of the patient's mouth solely through questioning the patient; however, tastelessness of his body \[is inferred\] from the departure of lice, sweetness of the body from the gathering of flies; and when there is doubt regarding blood-bile, whether it is healthy blood or blood-bile, it should be inferred from eating by dogs and crows that it is healthy blood, and from non-eating that it is blood-bile; in this way, one should also infer the other tastes present in the patient's body; the odors present in the entire body of the patient, whether normal or morbid, one should examine with the sense of smell; and touch, endowed with normal or morbid condition, \[one should examine\] with the hand. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 3.4.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.med.samhita.caraka.3.4.6) - [Next: 3.4.7\_1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.med.samhita.caraka.3.4.7_1) - [Up: 3.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.med.samhita.caraka.3.4) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.med.samhita.caraka~en-mt.3.4.7) — English, machine translation ## Commentaries (1) - [Jalpakalpataru](https://indike.org/pramana/in.med.samhita.caraka!gangadhara.13.5) — Gaṅgādhara Kaviratna 1860, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.med.samhita.caraka.3.4.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.med.samhita.caraka.3.4.7) · Pramāṇa