Cakradatta (Cikitsasangraha) 55: Adhikāra 55

In inflammation of the lips arising from vāta, poultice with śālvaṇa, / oil cooked with vāta-dispelling [drugs] applied to the head and as nasal drops, / sudation, massage, intake of unctuous substances, and rejuvenating therapy are recommended here. // 1

One should apply a rubbing powder of śrīveṣṭaka, sarjarasa, / guggulu, devadāru, and yaṣṭimadhuka powder. // 2

Venesection, emesis, purgation, / drinking bitter decoctions, meals of meat broth, / cold pastes, and sprinkling— / one should perform these when the lower lips are affected by pitta. // 3

Those arising from pitta, blood, and injury one should treat with leeches, / and one should perform entirely the same management as for a pitta-abscess. // 4

Head purgation, smoking, sudation, and holding a mouthful of medicament / should be employed once blood has been drawn, in inflammation of the lips of kapha origin. // 5

Trikaṭu, sarjikākṣāra, and alkali derived from barley awns, / combined with honey, should be applied as a rubbing powder. / In that caused by fat, when fomented, incised, and cleansed, cauterisation with fire is beneficial. // 6

Priyaṅgu, triphalā, and lodhra with honey make a rubbing powder; / and triphalā powder combined with honey is beneficial as a paste. // 7

With sarjarasa, golden ochre, / coriander, clarified butter, oil, and rock salt, / prepared with sweet beeswax, / it removes wounds on cracked and split [lips]. // 8

In spongy bleeding gums, when blood has been removed, / having decocted dry ginger and mustard seeds, and also triphalā, in water, / one should hold a gargle. // 9

And priyaṅgu, barley, mustā, and triphalā make a paste. // 10

Kuṣṭha, dārvī, abda, lodhra, samaṅgā,
pāṭhā, tiktā, tejanī, and pītikā—
this powder is praised for rubbing on the teeth;
it stops bleeding, itching, and pain. (11)

Chewing bakula should be done to stabilize loose teeth.
A gargle with the decoction of ārtagala leaves removes looseness of the teeth. (12)

In looseness of the teeth, chewing sesame and ugrā constantly is beneficial and supreme.
In early dantapuppuṭaka, blood-letting should be performed. (13)

Rubbing should be done with alkali along with the five salts and honey.
In pricking pain and sensitivity of the teeth, vāta-pacifying mouthwashes are beneficial. (14)

For loose teeth, a gargle prepared from bakula bark is beneficial.
One should hold in the mouth honey and pippalī mixed with clarified butter. (15)

This is declared to be the foremost medicine for removing toothache.
When dantaveṣṭa has been drained of blood, one should rub the wound (16)

with powders of lodhra, pattuṅga, madhuka, and lākṣā, dominated by honey.
For a gargle, milk-yielding trees along with honey, clarified butter, and sugar should be employed. (17)

In śaiśira, when blood has been removed, a plaster of lodhra, mustā, and rasāñjana
with honey is praised; for a gargle, milk-yielding trees are beneficial. (18)

The wise physician should perform the treatment described for śītāda in paridara.
Then, in upakuśa, one should perform cleansing in both directions and of the head; (19)

the physician should draw blood with leaves of kākodumbarikā and gojī,
and rub with salts and vyoṣa mixed with honey. (20)

Pippalī, white mustard, nāgara, and nicula fruit—
taking these with lukewarm water, one should administer a mouthwash of it. (21)

In dantavaidarbha, one should scrape the roots of the teeth with an instrument;
then one should apply alkali, and all cooling measures. (22)

Having extracted a supernumerary tooth, one should then apply fire [cautery];
and here the knowledgeable physician should perform the procedure as in krimidantaka.
Having excised the adhimāṃsa, one should treat it with these powders along with honey: (23)

pāṭhā, vacā, tejovatī, sarjikā, and barley-sprout alkali;
and a mouthwash of pippalī accompanied by honey is stated here. (24)

A decoction of paṭola, nimba, and triphalā is used here for washing.
Cleansing of the head and purgative smoke are also beneficial. (25)

One should carry out the sinus-curing treatment in tooth sinuses (dantanāḍī).
That tooth at which the sinus arises, one should extract that tooth. (26)

Having excised the excess flesh with an instrument, if it does not belong to the upper jaw,
after purifying it, one should also burn it with alkali or with fire. (27)

The sinus destroys the jawbone if the tooth is neglected;
therefore, one should extract the tooth together with its root and [remove] the broken bone. (28)

If an upper tooth is extracted, blood flows forth copiously;
and from the excess flow of blood, the aforementioned dreadful diseases arise. (29)

Therefore, the physician should not extract an upper tooth, even if loose.
A decoction made with jātī, madana, kaṭukā, and svādukaṇṭaka, (30)

and with lodhra, khadira, mañjiṣṭhā, and yaṣṭyāhvā—
that oil, which is purifying, destroys a sinus located in the teeth. (31)

Having made the decoction from the former, and grinding a paste of the lodhra group etc.,
kaṇṭakī is madana, svādukaṇṭa is vikaṅkata. (32)

Lukewarm unctuous mouthwashes, or those of traivṛta clarified butter,
and decoctions of vāta-destroying [drugs] crush tooth sensitivity (dantaharṣa). (33)

Unctuous smoke is beneficial, and an unctuous nasal errhine alone.
Without injuring the roots of the teeth, the physician should remove tartar (śarkarā). (34)

Then one should rub it with lākṣā powder mixed with honey,
and one should also carry out the treatment for tooth sensitivity completely. (35)

Kapālikā is difficult to cure; even there, this procedure is accepted.
One should overcome krimidantaka that is firm, after fomenting it, by means of blood-letting, (36)

and also with vāta-destroying nasal drops, holding unctuous gargles,
plasters of bhadradāru etc. and varṣābhū, and unctuous foods.
The intelligent physician should apply warm asafoetida into the carious teeth. (37)

With a decoction of bṛhatī, bhūmikadamba,
pañcāṅgula, and kaṇṭakārī,
a gargle combined with oil
pacifies the pain of krimidantaka. (38)

Chewing each single root of nīlī, vāyasajaṅghā,
snuh, or dugdhikā,
and held against the tooth,
they say, makes the worms of the teeth drop out. (39)

Or having extracted a loose one, one should cauterize the site of the cavity. (40ab)

Then, one should administer in a nasal errhine an oil prepared with vidārī, yaṣṭyāhvā,
śṛṅgāṭaka, and kaśeru, along with tenfold milk. (40cd)

In dislocation of the jaw (hanumokṣa), the treatment described for facial paralysis should be performed.
Sour fruits, cold water, dry food, cleaning of the teeth [with a stick], (41)

and likewise excessively hard foods should be avoided by one with tooth disease.
Filling with the milky sap of saptacchada and arka destroys krimidantaka. (42)

Filling the worm-hole with milk [processed with] life-promoting herbs [or]
similarly with milky sap of arka—this single formula is praised by the good. (43)

Juice of droṇapuṣpī combined with cuttlefish bone, honey, and oil—
filling of the ear with this should be done for the destruction of krimidantaka. (44)

A paste with powders of paṭola, kaṭukā, vyoṣa,
pāṭhā, rock salt, and bhārṅgī mixed with honey, [and]
a mouthwash with honey and sesame oil—this medical regimen is to be done in tongue diseases. (45)

Oil prepared with mustā, madhuka, nirguṇḍī, khadira, uśīra, and dāru,
along with mañjiṣṭhā and viḍaṅga, removes worms. (46)

Whatever treatment was stated earlier in vāta-born lip affliction,
verily, that should be done by the physician in vāta-born papilloma (kaṇṭaka). (47)

In pitta-born [papilloma], when it has been rubbed and corrupt blood has flowed out,
rubbing, gargles, and sweet nasal errhines are beneficial. (48)

In kapha-born papilloma, when scraped and the blood is depleted,
rubbing with the pippalī group mixed with honey should be done; (49)

or one should take mouthwashes with white mustard and rock salt,
and feed [the patient] with alkali-broths of paṭola, nimba, and egg-plant. (50)

Rubbing with ashes of māṇaka and salt destroys chronic numbness of the tongue;
or chewing jambīra and other sours lightly smeared with snuh milky sap. (51)

Tooth-grinding (dantaśabda) is destroyed by inunction of clarified butter boiled with crab's legs and milk,
or by an application of crab's legs placed on the teeth. (52)

Having scraped the upajihvā (ranula), one should rub it with alkali;
and one should treat it with head-cleansers, gargles, and fumigations. (53)

The powder of the three pungents, alkali, abhayā, and vahni serves as an abrasive friction;
one should cook an oil with these for the alleviation of ranula (upajihvā).

Having excised the uvulitis (galaśuṇṭhī), one should rub it with the three pungents, ugrā, honey, and rock salt,
or else with kuṣṭha, ūṣaṇa, vacā, rock salt, kaṇā, pāṭhā, and plava.

Rubbing of the uvulitis should be performed by the physician with honey.
Puncturing near the nose completely destroys uvulitis.

Likewise, chewing the root of śephālī removes uvulitis.
Having decocted vacā, ativiṣā, pāṭhā, rāsnā, kaṭukarohiṇī,
and picumarda, one should apply a mouth gargle therewith.

Soups made of mung beans prepared with alkali are also wholesome for eating.
In tuṇḍīkerī, adhruṣa, kūrma, saṃghāta, and tālupuppuṭa,

this very procedure is to be applied, with special attention to surgical excision.
In palatal suppuration (tālupāka), however, a pitta-alleviating treatment should be performed.

Oleation and sudation, along with a vāta-alleviating regimen, [are indicated] in palatal dryness (tāluśoṣa).
In curable throat-phlegmon (rohiṇī), blood-letting is beneficial,

as well as vomiting, smoking, gargling, and nasal therapy.
In ghātikī [rohiṇī], once blood is removed, one should rub it with salts;

and one should repeatedly hold comfortably warm gargles of oil.
In the paittika type, one should rub with pataṅga, sugar, and honey;

and a decoction of raisins and parūṣaka is beneficial for gargling.
In the kapha-born type, one should rub with soot and pungent drugs;

an oil prepared with śvetā, viḍaṅga, dantī, and rock salt
should be administered for nasal therapy and as a gargle in an excess of kapha.

The physician should treat the blood-born rohiṇī like the pitta type.
Having drained throat-nodule (kaṇṭhaśālūka), one should treat it like tuṇḍīkerī;

and one should eat barley-grain food once a day, unctuous and in small amounts.
And one should treat sublingual swelling (adhijihvikā) just like ranula (upajihvikā).

Having raised the tongue and drawn out the adhijihvikā with a hook,
one should excise it with a round-tipped knife, [followed] by rubbing with sharp, hot substances, and the like.

Having drained ekavṛnda, one should perform an evacuative regimen.
And that disease which is śilāyu—that too one should treat with an instrument.

One should incise a throat abscess (galavidradhi) that is well ripened and not located on a vital point (marman).
In throat diseases, blood-letting and nasal therapies and the like with sharp drugs [are indicated];

and the drinking of a decoction born of tree-turmeric bark, neem, rasāñjana, and indrayava,
or a decoction of harītakī mixed with honey is to be drunk.

Kaṭukā, ativiṣā, dāru, pāṭhā, mustā, and kaliṅgaka,
boiled in cow's urine, should be drunk to destroy throat diseases.

Soot, barley-alkali, pāṭhā, the three pungents, rasāñjana,
tejohvā, the three fruits, iron [calx], and citraka, powdered,

held [in the mouth] with honey, destroy throat diseases.
This powder, named Kālaka, cures diseases of the teeth, tongue, and mouth.

With pippalī, pippalī-root, cavya, citraka, and dry ginger,
along with an equal part of sarjikākṣāra, this powder cures throat diseases.

Realgar, barley-alkali, orpiment, along with rock salt
and tree-turmeric bark: that powder, combined with honey

and mixed with the scum of clarified butter, should be held [in the mouth] in throat diseases.
Known as Pītaka, it is celebrated as foremost in mouth diseases.

With barley-alkali, tejavatī, pāṭhā,
rasāñjana, deodar, turmeric, and black pepper,
one should make a pill with honey; one should hold it in the mouth in all throat disorders.

One should drink warm daśamūla [decoction] or a soup of radish and kulattha.
With milk, sugarcane juice, cow's urine, yoghurt-whey, sour gruel, and

oil and clarified butter, one should administer gargles after observing the doṣa.
The five spices, tālīsa leaves, cardamom, black pepper, cinnamon,

and the powders of palāśa-alkali, muṣkaka-alkali, and barley-alkali,
made into pills in double the amount of boiled old jaggery,

the size of a jujube fruit, kept in muṣkaka ash for seven days,
should be held [in the mouth] in all throat diseases; they are like nectar.

Habitually using śivā steamed in urine, equal in parts with fennel, kuṣṭha, and orpiment,
one overcomes mouth diseases and tastelessness as well.

One should rub a generalised mouth affection (sarvasara) arising from vāta with salts in powder form;
oil prepared with vāta-relieving herbs is beneficial for gargling and nasal therapy.

In a generalised mouth affection of pitta nature, in a person whose body has been purified,
a regimen allaying all pitta, sweet and cooling, should be carried out.

Abrasives, gargles, smoking, and evacuative therapies:
one should carry out a regimen that dispels kapha in a generalised mouth affection of kapha nature.

In stomatitis (mukhapāka), venesection and evacuation of the head and body [are required],
and regular chewing of jasmine leaves should be done in various ways.

A cooled gargle made from a decoction of jasmine leaves, amṛtā, raisins, yāsa, tree-turmeric, and the three fruits,
combined with honey, cures stomatitis.

By means of a powder of black cumin, kuṣṭha, and indrayava, within three days
the ulcer-discharge and foul odour in stomatitis subside.

Rasāñjana, lodhra, abhayā,
realgar, dry ginger, and red ochre,
pāṭhā, turmeric, and gajapippalī,
combined with honey, should be held in the mouth.

Fresh sprouts of paṭola, neem, jambu, mango, and mālatī:
this decoction made of the five sprouts is excellent for mouth-washing.

Or a decoction of the five barks, or a decoction of the three fruits alone,
combined with honey, should be employed for mouth-washing in cases of stomatitis.

The fresh juice of tree-turmeric, boiled down until thickened into an extract (rasakriyā),
combined with honey, dispels mouth diseases, blood defects, and sinus ulcers.

With saptacchada, uśīra, paṭola, mustā,
harītakī, and kaṭukā,
yaṣṭīmadhu, rājadruma, and sandal,
one should drink a decoction that cures stomatitis.

A decoction of paṭola, dry ginger, the three fruits, viśālā,
trāyantī, tiktā, the two turmerics, and amṛtā,
drunk with honey, or held in the mouth, destroys all mouth diseases.

The three fruits, pāṭhā, raisins, and jasmine sprouts, decocted,
should be used, or the three fruits should be eaten to cure stomatitis.

Sesame, blue water-lily, clarified butter, sugar, and milk,
combined with honey as a gargle, cures burning and ulceration of a burnt mouth;
and a gargle with oil and sour gruel relieves burning caused by lime (cūrṇa).

A gargle of ghana, kuṣṭha, cardamom, coriander, yaṣṭīmadhu, and elavāluka
removes extreme foul breath from the mouth, as well as the odour of liquor and garlic. (97)

Likewise, one should boil properly a tulā of nīlakuruṇṭaka in a droṇa of water.
Having strained it when a quarter of the liquid remains, one should cook the oil slowly with half-pala portions (98)

of pastes of anantā, khadira, arimeda, jambū, āmra, yaṣṭīmadhuka, and utpala.
That oil, held in the mouth, immediately brings firmness to the teeth right away. (99)

Having taken one hundred palas of fresh bark of irimeda, pounded into small pieces,
and decocted it in four āḍhakas of water down to a fourth part, (100)

the wise [physician] should slowly cook half an āḍhaka of oil with that decoction
and pastes, one akṣa each, of mañjiṣṭhā, lodhra, and madhuka; (101)

irimeda, khadira, kaṭphala, lākṣā, nyagrodha, musta, and small cardamom;
camphor, aguru, padmaka, cloves, kaṅkola, and nutmeg; (102)

and pataṅga, red ochre, cinnamon, flowers [of lavanga], and dhātakī.
When prepared, the physician should administer this in diseases arising in the mouth: (103)

in crumbling teeth, alveolar abscess, cold-induced dental pain, spongy gums, and sensitive teeth;
in carious teeth, cracking, looseness, vitiated flesh, and wasting of teeth,
and in foul odour of the mouth. This oil should be employed in the previously mentioned diseases. (104)

One should cook oil, lac juice, and milk, one prastha each equally,
in four times the amount of arimeda decoction, along with pala-measured paste ingredients: (105)

lodhra, kaṭphala, mañjiṣṭhā, padmakeśara, padmaka,
sandalwood, utpala, and yaṣṭīmadhu. This oil is held as a gargle: (106)

it destroys cracking, tooth looseness, dislocation of the jaw, tartar,
spongy gums, foul breath, anorexia, and bad taste in the mouth—these oral diseases;
and it also makes the teeth firm. (107)

Fruit of bakula, lodhra, vajravallī, kuruṇṭaka,
caturaṅgula, vavvola, vājikarṇa, and irimeda: (108)

oil cooked with their decoction and paste, held in the mouth
and used for cleaning [the teeth], brings firmness to loose teeth. (109)

Cardamom, latā, lavanikā fruit, śītakoṣa,
and the two kolas, equal parts of each, placed into a decoction prepared from khadira in a one-tenth portion,
are cooked closed within the fresh folds of a ketakī leaf-sheath; (110)

having ground this mixture together with an equal part of camphor to the former ingredients, and having smeared the hands
with fresh mango juice, one should make pills of the desired size,
which serve as a promoter of oral fragrance for women and men. (111)

One should thoroughly cook a tulā of khadira in a droṇa of water;
when an eighth part remains, one should add as an additive thereto: (112)

nutmeg, camphor, areca nut, and kakkolaka fruit.
Thus this pill should be made, which enhances oral attractiveness
in diseases of the teeth, lips, and mouth, and in disorders of the tongue and palate. (113)

With a tulā of heartwood of gāyatrī and two and a half tulās
of bark of irimeda, boiled in four vessels of water
and reduced to one-fourth, strained through a clean cloth,
one should cook it again slowly over a gentle fire. (114)

As it attains thickness, one should throw in the fine powder of these [ingredients],
each of equal portion for holding in the mouth:
cardamom, mṛṇāla, white sandalwood, red sandalwood, ambu,
śyāmā, tamāla, vikaṣā, ghana, loha, yaṣṭī, (115)

lajjā, the three fruits, rasāñjana, dhātakī, gaja-
pippalī, red ochre, dāruharidrā, kaṭphala,
padmā, lodhra, aerial roots of the banyan, yavāsaka,
together with māṃsī, niśā, and fragrant bark; (116)

one should take powdered kakkola, nutmeg, mace, and cloves,
one pala each.
Having removed it from the fire when cool and added four palas of camphor,
one should make pills the size of peas. (117)

When dried and kept in the mouth, they ward off
diseases arising in the throat, lips, tongue, teeth, and palate;
they produce fragrance, sharpness, and relish in the mouth,
supreme firmness in the teeth, and lightness of the tongue. (118)