[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Polity, Pleasure & Law](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti) › [Law and Social-Religious Duty](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma) › [Times of rites](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala) › [Determination of lunar days](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi) › [Tithyarka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka) › 1.5.p1 # Tithyarka 1.5.p1 Tithyarka 1.5.p1 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [1.5.p1.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.1) idaṃ hi vacanaṃ na bhakṣaṇavidhiparam, pañcanakhāpañcanakhabhakṣaṇasya yugapatprāpteḥ pakṣaprāptyabhāvāt | ata idamapañcanakhabhakṣaṇanivṛttiparamityayaṃ parisaṃkhyāvidhirityācāryaiḥ spaṣṭīkṛtatvāt | sa ca vidhirāmnāyavākyam | tasya ca prāmāṇyaṃ svataḥ siddhameva tanmūlakatvāt smṛtyādīnāmapi vidhitvena prāmāṇyam | sa ca vidhirdvividhaḥ—pravarttako nivarttakaśceti | tatra pravarttako yathā— “ekādaśyāmupavasetpakṣayorubhayorapi” iti nivartako yathā— “ekādaśyāṃ na bhuñjīta pakṣayorubhayorapi” iti evamubhayavidhavidhyuktakarmaṇāmadhikaraṇatvena tithayo'ṅgam taduktaṃ nirṇayāmṛte— “kāle hi karma codyate na karmaṇi kālaḥ” | iti ataśca vidhyaṅgatvena tithayo nirṇetavyāḥ | tanoti vistārayati candrakalāṃ yaḥ kālaviśeṣaḥ sā tithiḥ | yathoktakalayā tanyata iti vā tithiḥ | uktañca— “tanyante kalayā yasmāttasmāttāstithayaḥ smṛtāḥ” iti sā tithirdvividhā sampūrṇā khaṇḍā ca | sampūrṇāktā skandapurāṇe— “pratipatprabhṛtayaḥ sarvā udayādudayādraveḥ sampūrṇā iti vikhyātā harivāsaravarjitāḥ” || iti harivāsara ekādaśī | tatra sampūrṇatvamagre vakṣyāmaḥ tadanyā khaṇḍā | tatra sandigdhatvātkhaṇḍaiva nirṇetavyā, na tu sampūrṇāpi; prayojanābhāvāt | nirṇayalakṣaṇamuktaṃ nirṇayāmṛte— “tattve vipratipannānāṃ vākyānāmitaretaram virodhaparihāro'tra nirṇayastattvadarśanam ||” iti sarvatithiṣu smṛtyādyuktamanuṣṭhānaṃ kṛtyam | atha tithinirṇayaḥ | tatrādau saṃvatsarārambhe prathamopasthitatvāt pratipannirṇīyate | asyāśca nāmaniruktiruktā bhaviṣye— “tithīnāṃ pravarā yasmād brahmaṇā samudāhṛtā ### [1.5.p1.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.2) pratipādyā pade pūrve pratipattena socyate” || iti yadvā, pratipadyate—upakramyate māsādiranayeti pratipat sā śuklapakṣe pratipat pūrvaviddhā grāhyā, pratipadpyamāvāsyeti yugmavākyāt | sāpi yadā pañcadhā vibhaktasyāhnaścaturthabhāgavyāpinī tadaiva pūrvaviddhā grāhyā | aparāhnottarakāle tu pravṛttā uttaraviddhaiva grāhyā, “pratipatsaṃmukhī kāryā yā bhavedaparāhnakī” iti madanaratne skāndāt saṃmukhī pūrvaviddhā kṛṣṇapakṣe parā, ‘pratipat sadvitīyā syādi’tyāpastambīyayugmavākyāt | upavāse tu śuklā kṛṣṇāpi pratipatpūrvaiva grāhyā, “pratipatpañcamī caiva upoṣyā pūrvasaṃyutā” iti jābālivacanāt | ayaṃ sāmānyato nirṇayaḥ, viśeṣatastatra tatra vakṣyate | nanu pūrvaviddhāyāṃ pratipadi vihito yaḥ pāpakṣayārthamupavāsastasya saṅkalpaḥ kiṃ prātaḥ kāryaḥ ? uta pratipatpraveśe ? iti | nādyaḥ, "yo yasya vihitaḥ kālaḥ karmaṇastadupakrame vidyamāno bhavedaṅgaṃ nojjhitopakrameṇa tu ||” iti skāndād amāvāsyākāle pratipadupavāsasaṅkalpāyāgāt | na dvitīyaḥ pakṣaḥ, - 'prātaḥ saṅkalpayedvidvānupavāsavratādikam' iti vacanātprātaḥ kālasyaiva saṅkalpāṅgatvayogāt | siddhāntastu— "prātarārabhya matimān kuryānnaktavratādikam nāparāhne na madhyāhne pitryakālau hi tau smṛtau ||” ityādivākyaiḥ prātareva saṅkalpaḥ kāryaḥ, yadyapi tadānīṃ jyotiḥśāstrasiddhapratipadabhāvo'sti tathāpi smṛtibhirāpāditapratipatsākalyasadbhāvāt "yāṃ tithiṃ samanuprāpya astaṃ yāti divākaraḥ tithiḥ sā sakalā jñeyā dānādhyayanakarmasu ||” karmasu—upavāsanaktādiṣu atrāstamayātpūrvaṃ trimuhūrttā tithivijñeyā na nyūnā ### [1.5.p1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.3) "yāṃ prāpyāstamupaityarkaḥ sā cetsyāttrimuhūrtikā dharmakṛtyeṣu sarveṣu sampūrṇāṃ tāṃ vidurbudhāḥ ||” iti saurapurāṇāt tadevaṃ pratipadupavāsottaraṃ paredyuḥ pāraṇaṃ prātarvidheyam, uta tithyante—iti sandehe tithyanta eveti bratīmaḥ, “tithinakṣatraniyame tithiyānte ca pāraṇam ato'nyathā pāraṇe tu vratabhaṅgamavāpnuyāt ||” iti sumantuvacanāt asya cāpavādo mādhavīye— “tithyante caiva bhānte ca pāraṇaṃ yatra codyate yāmatrayordhvavartinyāṃ prātareva hi pāraṇam ||” iti yattu devalavacanam— “upavāseṣu sarveṣu pūrvāhṇe pāraṇaṃ bhavet anyathā tu phalasyārddhaṃ dharmamevopasarpati ||” iti, tatparaviddhopavāsaviṣayam; “pūrvaviddhāsu tithiṣu bheṣu ca śravaṇaṃ vinā upoṣyā vidhivat kuryāttattadante ca pāraṇam ||” iti naigamāt | dharmaṃ yamam atra mādhavastu— “tithīnāmeva sarvāsāmupavāsavratādiṣu tithyante pāraṇaṃ kuryādvinā śivacaturdaśīm ||” iti skandapurāṇavacanagatādiśabdagṛhītānyekabhaktanaktāyācitānyapi yāṃ tithimuddiśyaitāni pūrvedyurvihitāni paredyustattithibhāge'tīte paścādbhojanaṃ kāryam, anyathā pūrvadinānuṣṭhitaikabhaktādi vratānāṃ vaikalyaṃ syādityabhiprāyaḥ—ityāha | nanu yo'yamupavāsaḥ pūrvaviddhapratipadi vihitaḥ sa kenāpi nimittena tatra kartuṃ na śakyate cet, tadottaraviddhā gauṇakālatvena grāhyā, kiṃvā mukhyakālātikramād vratatyāga eva, kāle hi karma codyata ityuktatvāt ### [1.5.p1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.4) tatra kecit parityāgamevāṅgīcakruḥ, mukhyakālātikrameṇāpyanuṣṭhāne yadā kadāpyanuṣṭhānaprasaṅgāt , nāyaṃ doṣaḥ, pratipaddarśanābhāvena yadā kadācidanuṣṭhānaprasaṅgaprasaktyabhāvāt , viśeṣyānvitasyaiva viśeṣaṇasyābhyarhitatvāt ataeva mādhavaḥkadācittadasambhave mānāntareṇāpyanuṣṭhānameva śreyo na tu tallopo yukta ityāha ! tatra sāmānyataḥ sarvatithiṣu tithipatitvenāgnyādipūjanaṃ kāryamityuktaṃ nirṇayāmṛte vahnipurāṇe"pratipadyagnipūjā syād dvitīyāyāṃ ca vedhasaḥ daśamyāmantakasyāpi ṣaṣṭhayāṃ pūjā guhasya ca caturthyāṃ gaṇanādhasya gauryāstatpūrvavāsare sarasvatyā navamyāṃ ca saptamyāṃ bhāskarasya ca aṣṭamyāṃ ca caturdaśyāmekādaśyāṃ śivasya ca dvādaśyāñca trayodaśyāṃ hareśca madanasya ca śeṣādīnāṃ phaṇīśānāṃ pañcamyāṃ pūjanaṃ bhavet parvaṇīndostithiṣvāsu pakṣadvayagatāsvapi || iti" pūjanamityasya sarvatrānvayaḥ| pratipadātithīnāṃ trirāvṛttyā nandādisaṃjñoktā ratnamālāyām— “nandā ca bhadrā ca jayā ca riktā pūrṇeti sarvāstithayaḥ kramātsyuḥ||” iti kramāt pratipadāditithiṣu varjyāni uktāni padmapurāṇe— “kramātkūṣmāṇḍabṛhatī taruṇīmūlakaṃ tathā śrīphalañca kaliṅgañca phalaṃ dhātrībhavaṃ tathā nārikelamalāṃbuṃ ca paṭolaṃ badarīphalam carmavṛttākavallī ca śākaṃ tulasijaṃ tathā śākānyetāni varjyāni kramātpratipadādiṣu||” iti atha caitraśuklapratipannirṇīyate| saṃvatsarārambhe udayavyāpinī grāhyā, “caitre māsi jagad brahmā sasarja prathame'hani śuklapakṣe samagra tu tadā sūryodaye sati||” iti mādhavīyabrāhmavākyāt| dinadvaye tadvyāptau pūrvā, ### [1.5.p1.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.5) sampūrṇatvāt| anyāptāvapi vṛddhavaśiṣṭhavacanāt pūrvaiva| vacanaṃ tvagre vakṣyate atra brahmapūjoktā madanaratne brahmapurāṇe caitraśuklapratipatkṛtyopakrame— “tasyāmādau ca sampūjyo brahmā kamalasambhavaḥ||” iti hemādrau viṣṇudharmottare ca— "caitramāsasya yā śuklā prathamā pratipadbhavet tadahni brahmaṇaḥ kṛtvā sopavāsantu pūjanam saṃvatsaramavāpnoti saukhyāni bhṛgunandana ! |" iti prathamā sarvatithīnāmādyā atraiva śakādiśravaṇamuktaṃ jyotiḥśāstre bhaviṣye— "caitre māsi mahābāho puṇyā yā pratipatparā asyāṃ vai nimbapatrāṇi prāśya saṃśṛṇuyāttithim śukavatsarabhūpamantriṇāṃ rasadhānyeśvarameghapatīnām śravaṇātpaṭhanācca vai nṛṇāṃ śubhatāṃ yātyaśubhaṃ saha śriyā ||" iti idaṃ malamāse na kāryam, "ṣaṣṭyā tu divasairmāsaḥ kathito vādarāyaṇaiḥ pūrvamarddhaṃ parityajya kartavyā cottare kriyā ||" iti jyotiḥśāstre pitāmahavacanāt sindhukārāstu mala eva vatsarārambhaḥ kārya iti niṣkarṣamāhuḥ, sa tvaniṣkarṣa eva, vācanikaniṣedhāt iha ca vārṣikanavarātrārambha ukto mārkaṇḍeyapurāṇe— "śaratkāle mahāpūjā kriyate yā ca vārṣikī vasantakāle sā noktā kāryā sarvaiḥ śubhārthibhiḥ ||" iti navarātrakṛtyaṃ śāradanavarātre vakṣyate | prapādānaṃ cātraivoktaṃ bhaviṣye— "atīte phālgune māsi prāpte caitramahotsave puṇye'hni viprakathite prapādānaṃ samārabhet ||" iti "tataścotsarjayedvidvān mantreṇānena mānavaḥ|" iti tatraivokteḥ "prapeyaṃ sarvasāmānyā bhūtebhyaḥ pratipāditā asyāḥ pradānāt pitarastṛpyantu hi pitāmahāḥ anivāryaṃ jalaṃ deyaṃ tato māsacatuṣṭayam ### [1.5.p1.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.6) tripakṣaṃ vā mahārāja ! jīvānāṃ jīvanaṃ param pratyahaṃ kārayettasyāṃ bhojanaṃ śaktito dvijān |" iti "prapāṃ dātumaśaktena viśeṣāddharmamīpsunā pratyahaṃ dharmaghaṭako vastrasaṃveṣṭitānanaḥ brāhmaṇasya gṛhe deyaḥ śītāmalajalaḥ śuciḥ |" iti "eṣa dharmaghaṭo datto brahmaviṣṇuśivātmakaḥ asya pradānātsakalā mama santu manorathāḥ anena vidhinā yastu dharmakumbhaṃ prayacchati prapādānaphalaṃ so'pi prāpnotīha na saṃśayaḥ ||" iti asyāṃ tailābhyaṅgo nityaḥ| vacanaṃ tvagre vakṣyate jyeṣṭhaśuklapratipatprabhṛti daśamyantaṃ daśāśvamedhasnānena pāpanivṛttiruktā kāśīkhaṇḍe— “jyeṣṭhe māsi site pakṣe prāpya pratipadaṃ tithim daśāśvamedhike snātvā mucyate sarvapātakaiḥ evaṃ sarvāsu tithiṣu kramātsnāyī narottamaḥ ā śuklapakṣadaśamīṃ pratijanmāghamutsṛjet ||” iti bhādraśuklapratipadi mahattamākhyaṃ śivavratamuktaṃ skandapurāṇe— “māsi bhādrapade śukle pakṣe ca pratipattithau naivedyantu pacenmaunāt ṣoḍaśa triguṇāni ca phalāni piṣṭapakvāni dadyād viprāya ṣoḍaśa devāya ṣoḍaśa tathā dātavyāni prayatnataḥ bhujyante ṣoḍaśaitāni vratasya niyamāśrayāt |” iti rudravratatvādvidaṃ pūrvaviddhāyāmeva kāryyam | taduktaṃ brahmavaivarte— “rudravrateṣu sarveṣu karttavyā saṃmukhī tithiḥ |” iti saṃmukhī sāyāhnav‍yāpinī, “saṃmukhī nāma sāyāhnavyāpinī dṛśyate yadā |” iti mādhavīyaskāndāt āśvinakṛṣṇapratipadi mahālayaśrāddhārambhaḥ kāryyaḥ| āśvinaśuklapratipadi śarannavarātrārambha ukto hemādrau dhaumyena— “āśvine māsi śukle tu kartavyaṃ navarātrakam pratipadākrameṇaiva yāvacca navamī bhavet ||” iti ### [1.5.p1.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.7) atra pūrvāhnavyāpinī grāhyā, “āśvinasya site pakṣe navarātramupoṣakaḥ susnātastilatailena pūrvāhṇe pūjayecchivām ||” iti devīpurāṇe tasya karmakālatokteḥ ahnaḥ pūrvo bhāgaḥ pūrvāhnaḥ | sa ca divasasya pañcadhā vibhāgena trimuhūrtātmako jñeyaḥ, “muhūrtatritayaṃ prātastāvanneva tu saṃgavaḥ madhyāhnastrimuhūrtasyādaparāhṇo'pi tādṛśaḥ sāyāhnastrimuhūrtastu sarvakarmabahiṣkṛtaḥ ||” iti mādhavīyavyāsokteḥ devīpurāṇe'pi— “prātarāvāhayeddevīṃ prātareva praveśayet prātaḥ prātaḥśva sampūjya prātareva visarjayet ||” iti yattu sindhukārairvacanamalekhi— “bhāskarodayamārabhya yāvattu daśanāḍikāḥ prātaḥkāla iti proktaḥ sthāpanāropaṇāvidhau ||” iti viṣṇudharmoktaṃ tanmahānibandheṣvasattvād bhrāntimūlakameva | atra yāni dvitīyā'māvāsyāyoganiṣedhakāni vākyāni tāni hemādryāṃdiṣvasatvānnirmūlāni, parasparaṃ satpratipakṣatvādanirṇāyakāni cetyupekṣyāṇi | dinadvaye pūrvāhnakāle sattve'sattve vā nirvivādamādyeva | atrādyanāḍīṣoḍaśakaṃ tyaktvā kalaśaṃ sthāpayet, “ādyāḥ ṣoḍaśanāḍyastu labdhvā yaḥ kurute naraḥ kalaśasthāpanaṃ tatra hyariṣṭaṃ jāyate dhruvam ||” iti devīpurāṇe'niṣṭaśruteriti nirṇayāmṛtakāraḥ tadidaṃ sati sambhave jñeyam | kecittu— “ādyāstu nāḍikāstyaktvā ṣoḍaśa dvādaśāpi vā |” iti tatraivoktatvāt ṣoḍaśa dvādaśa vā nāḍyastyājyā ityaicchikavikalpamāhuḥ | idaṃ ca kalaśasthāpanaṃ dinaiva kāryam, na rātrau sthāpanaṃ kāryam; “na ca kumbhābhiṣecanam” iti mātsyaniṣedhāt sthāpane vaidhṛtyādiyoganiṣedhakāni vākyāni tānyapi nirmūlāni atrāśaktasya trirātraikarātre ukte devīpurāṇe— ### [1.5.p1.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.8) “navarātravrate'śaktastrirātraṃ caikarātrakam vrataṃ carati yo bhaktastasmai dāsyāmi vāñchitam ||” iti tacca trirātraṃ saptamyādidinatraye kāryyam taduktaṃ hemādrau dhaumyena— “trirātraṃ vāpi karttavyaṃ saptamyādi yathākramam |” iti ekarātraṃ tu Ashtamyāṃ kāryyam | tacca putravadgṛhasthabhinnaparamuktaṃ kālikāpurāṇe— “upavāsaṃ mahāṣṭamyāṃ putravānna samācaret |” iti mahāṣṭamī—āśvinaśuklāṣṭamī caitraśuklāṣṭamī ca atha saṃkṣepeṇa navarātrakṛtyam | tatrādau kartṛniyamā devīpurāṇe— “kanyāsaṃsthe ravau śakra ! śuklāmārabhya nandikām ayācī tvatha caikāśī naktāśī vātha vāgyataḥ prātaḥsnāyī jitadvandvastrikālaṃ śivapūjakaḥ japahomasamāyuktaḥ kanyakāṃ bhojayenmudā ||” “śubhābhirmṛttikābhiśca pūrvaṃ kṛtvā tu vedikām yavānnaṃ vāpayettatra godhūmaiścāpi saṃyutam tatra saṃsthāpayetkumbhaṃ vidhinā mantrapūrvakam sauvarṇaṃ rājataṃ vāpi tāmraṃ mṛṇmayajaṃ tu vā ||” iti “hemarājatamṛddhāttu śailacitrārpitāpi vā khaḍge śūle'rcitā devī sarvakāmaphalapradā ||” iti “durgāgṛhaṃ prakartavyaṃ caturasraṃ suśobhanam rahasyaṃ svastikādyaiśca carcitaṃ vastramaṇḍitam tanmadhye vedikā kāryā caturasrā samā śubhā |” iti atha pūjāprayogaḥ— pratipadi pūrvāhṇe tilatailenābhyakto yajamānaḥ snātvā deśakālau saṅkīrtya navarātraparyantamupavāsādyanyatamaniyamopeto'haṃ ### [1.5.p1.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.9) durgāprītidvārā sarvāpacchāntipūrvakaṃ dīrghāyurvipuladhanaputrapautrādyanavacchinnasantativṛddhisthiralakṣmīkīrttilābhaśatruparājayasarvābhīṣṭasiddhyarthaṃ śāradanavarātrapratipadi vihitakalaśasthāpanadurgāpūjākumārīpūjādi kariṣya iti saṅkalpya tadādau nirvighnatā siddhayarthaṃ gaṇapatipūjanaṃ kariṣye | prathamārembhe puṇyāhavācanamapi kāryyam | tatkṛtvā, mahīdyauriti bhūmiṃ spṛṣṭvā, oṣadhayaḥ saṃvadanteti yavān nikṣipya, ākaleṣviti kumbhaṃ saṃsthāpya, imaṃ me gaṅge iti jalenāpūryya, gandhadvāreāmiti gandham, yā oṣadhīriti sarvvauṣadhīḥ, kāṇḍaditi dūrvvāḥ, aśvattheva iti pañca pallavān, syonāpṛthivīti saptamṛdaḥ, yāḥ phalinīriti phalam, sa hi ratnānīti pañcaratnāni, hiraṇyarūpa iti hiraṇyam, yuvaṃ vastrāṇīti vastreṇāveṣṭya, pūrṇā darvīti kalaśopari pūrṇapātraṃ nidhāya, varuṇaṃ sampūjya, hemādipratimāyāṃ durgāṃ ṣoḍaśopacāraiḥ pūjayet | pūjāmantrastu devīpurāṇe— “jayantī maṅgalā kālī bhadrakālī kapālinī durgā kṣamā śivā dhātrī svāhā svadhā namo'stu te anenaiva tu mantreṇa japahomādi kārayet |” iti tatrādau mahākālyai namaḥ, mahālakṣmyai namaḥ, mahāsarasvatyai namaḥ, prabhāyai namaḥ, māyāyai namaḥ, jayāyaiḥ namaḥ, viśuddhāyai namaḥ, nandinyai namaḥ, suprabhāyai namaḥ, vijayāyai namaḥ, sarvasiddhipradāyai namaḥ, vajranakhadaṃṣṭrāyai namaḥ| ebhistrayodaśanāmabhiḥ pīṭhapūjāṃ kṛtvā devīṃ dhyāyet | dhyānamuktaṃ śāradāyām— “siṃhasthā śaśiśekharā marakataprakhyā caturbhirbhujaiḥ śaṅkhaṃ cakradhanuḥśarāṃśca dadhatī netraistribhiḥ śobhitā āmuktāṅgadahārakaṅkaṇaraṇatkāñcī kvaṇannūpurā ### [1.5.p1.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.10) durgā durgatihāriṇī bhavatu no ratnollasatkuṇḍalā ||” iti dhyātvā, pūrvoktamantreṇa durgāyai namaḥ—anenaivāvāhanādi puṣpasamarpaṇāntaṃ kṛtvā aṅgapūjāṃ kuryāt durgāyai namaḥ pādau pūjayāmi, kātyāyanyai namo gulphau pūjayāmi, sāvitryai namo jānunī pūjayāmi, sarasvatyai namo jaṅghe pūjayāmi, bhadrakālyai namaḥ kaṭiṃ pūjayāmi, maṅgalāyai namo nābhiṃ pūjayāmi, śivāyai nama udaraṃ pūjayāmi, kṣamāyai namo hṛdayaṃ pūjayāmi, dhātryai namo hastau pūjayāmi, svadhāyai namaḥ kaṇṭhaṃ pūjayāmi, mahiṣamardinyai namo mukhaṃ pūjayāmi, nārāyaṇyai namo nāsikāṃ pūjayāmi, raudrāyai namaḥ śrotre pūjayāmi, siṃhavāhinyai namo netre pūjayāmi, kālarātryai namo lalāṭaṃ pūjayāmi, kumāryai namaḥ śiraḥ pūjayāmi, mahādevyai namaḥ sarvāṅgaṃ pūjayāmi | tato dhūpādipūjāṃ samāpya, kūṣmāṇḍādivaliṃ nivedya, kumārīpūjā kāryā | taduktaṃ navarātraprakaraṇe devīpurāṇe"na tathā tuṣyate śakra ! japahoma samādhinā kumārīpūjanenātra yathā devī prasīdati ||” iti skānde'pi"āyuṣyavalavṛddhyarthaṃ kumārīṃ pūjayennaraḥ |" iti kumārīpūjāmantrastu skānde"mantrākṣaramayīṃ lakṣmīṃ mātṛṇāṃ rūpadhāriṇīm navadurgātmikāṃ sākṣātkanyāmāvāhayāmyaham jagatpūjye ! jagadvandye ! sarvaśaktisvarūpiṇi ! pūjāṃ gṛhāṇa kaumāri ! jaganmātarnamo'stu te kañcukaiścāpi vastraiśca gandhapuṣpākṣatādibhiḥ nānāvidhairbhakṣyabhojyairbhojayetpāyasādibhiḥ ||” iti kumārīvayaḥpramāṇaṃ madanaratne skānde"ekavarṣā tu yā kanyā pūjārthe tāṃ vivarjayet gandhapuṣpaphalādīnāṃ prītistasyā na vidyate dvivarṣakanyāmārabhya daśavarṣāvadhi kramāt ### [1.5.p1.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.11) pūjayetsarvakāryeṣu yathāvidhyuktamārgataḥ brāhmaṇīṃ sarvakāryeṣu arthārthe nṛpavaṃśajām lābhārthe vaiśyavaṃśotthāṃ sutārthe śūdravaṃśajām ||” iti apūjyakanyā uktāstatraiva— “hīnādhikāṅgīṃ kuṣṭhīṃ ca vināśikulasambhavām granthisphuritaśīrṇāṅgīṃ raktapūyavraṇāṅkitām jātyandhāṃ kekarāṃ kāṇīṃ kurūpāṃ tanuromaśām santyajedrogiṇīṃ kanyāṃ dāsīgarbhasamudbhavām ||” iti yathoktakanyālābhe tu devīpurāṇe— “vivāhānantaraṃ kanyāṃ kanyātvamupajāyate tāvatsaṃpūjayetkanyāṃ yāvatpuṣpaṃ na dṛśyate ||” iti tato devīṃ prārthayet— “mahiṣaghni ! mahāmāye ! cāmuṇḍe ! muṇḍamālini ! dravyamārogyavijayaṃ dehi devi ! namaḥ sadā ||” tataśca durgāgrato mantraṃ japet | taduktaṃ devīpurāṇe— “durgāgrato japenmantramekacittaḥ samāhitaḥ |” iti japottaraṃ caṇḍīpāṭho'pi tatraivoktaḥ— “ekottarābhivṛddhyā tu navamīṃ yāvadeva hi caṇḍīpāṭhaṃ yajeccaiva yājayedvā vidhānataḥ ||” iti navarātrārambhottaraṃ sūtake prāpte viśeṣo viśvarūpanibandhe— “āśvine śuklapakṣe tu prārabdhe navarātrake śāve sūte samutpanne kriyā kāryā kathaṃ budhaiḥ ||” iti praśne kṛtamuttaram— “sūtakaṃ varttamāne ca tatrotpannaṃ yadā bhavet devīpūjā prakarttavyā paśuyajñavidhānataḥ sūtake pūjanaṃ proktaṃ dānaṃ caiva viśeṣataḥ devīmuddiśya karttavyaṃ tatra doṣo na vidyate sūtake pāraṇaṃ kuryānnavamyāṃ homapūrvakam tadante bhojayedviprān dānaṃ dadyācca śaktitaḥ ||” iti “astaṃ gate gurau śukre siṃhasthe vibudhādhipe devīpūjanamuddiṣṭaṃ sthavire bālake tathā ||” “naṣṭe śukre tathā jīve siṃhasthe ca bṛhaspatau ### [1.5.p1.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.12) kāryā caiva hi devyārcā pratyabdaṃ kuladharmataḥ ||” iti “ādyārambhe virāmaḥ syād dvitīyādau na cintayet |” iti samayamayūkhe viśvarūpanibandhenodāhṛtatvāt | malamāse tu dvitīyanavarātrārambho'pi na bhavati | tathā coktaṃ viśvarūpanibandhe— “ malamāse na karttavyaṃ navadurgātsavavratam |” iti na ca navadurgātsavavratamityanena nūtanadurgātsavavrataṃ malamāse na kartavyamiti vācyam, nava ca tā durgāśceti vyutpattyā navaśabdasya saṃkhyāvācitvāt “ navadurgātmikāṃ sākṣāt kanyāmāvāhayāmyaham |” iti skāndāt saṃkhyāvācitvameva na nūtanavācitvam atra cādhikāraḥ sarveṣām | taduktaṃ madanaratne bhaviṣyottare— “pūjanīyā janairdevī sthāne sthāne pure pure śastaiḥ pramuditairhṛṣṭairbrāhmaṇaiḥ kṣatriyairviśaiḥ śūdrairbhaktiyutairlecchairanyaiśca bhuvi mānavaiḥ strībhiśca kuruśārdūla ! ........... ||” iti atra sāśvapuruṣāṇāmaśvapūjoktā tatraiva devīpurāṇe— āśvayuka śuklapratipatsvāttiyoge śubhe dine pūrvamuccaiḥśravā nāma prathamaṃ śriyamāvahat tasmātsāśvairnaraistatra pūjyo'sau śraddhayā sadā pūjanīyāśca turagā navamī yāvadeva hi śāntiḥ svastyayanaṃ kāryaṃ tadā teṣāṃ dine dine ||” iti asyāmeva aṣṭamyavadhi rājñāṃ lohābhisārikaṃ karma proktaṃ madanaratne bhaviṣye— "jayābhilāṣī nṛpatiḥ pratipatprabhṛti kramāt lohābhisārikaṃ karma kārayed yāvadaṣṭamīm ||" "prāgudak pravaṇe deśe patākābhiralaṅkṛte maṇḍapaṃ kārayeddivyaṃ navasaptakaraṃ param ||" "āgneyyāṃ kārayetkuṇḍaṃ hastamātraṃ suśobhanam mekhalātrayasaṃyuktaṃ yonyā'śvatthadalābhayā rājacihnāni sarvāṇi śastrāṇyastrāṇi yāni ca ### [1.5.p1.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.13) ānīya maṇḍape tāni sarvāṇyevādhivāsayet tatastu brāhmaṇaḥ snātaḥ śuklāmbaradharaḥ śuciḥ oṃkārapūrvakairmantraistalliṅgairjuhuyād ghṛtam śastrāstramantrairhotavyaṃ pāyasaṃ ghṛtasaṃyutam hutaśeṣaṃ turaṅgāṇāṃ rājānamupahārayet lohābhisārikaṃ karma tenaitadṛṣibhiḥ smṛtam dhṛtapalyayanānaśvānajāṃśca samalaṅkṛtān bhrāmayennagare nityaṃ nandighoṣapuraḥsaram pratyahaṃ nṛpatiḥ snātvā sampūjya pitṛdevatāḥ pūjayedrājyacihnāni phalamālyavibhūṣaṇaiḥ |" "lohanāmā'bhavatpūrvamasuraḥ sumahābalaḥ sa devaiḥ samare kruddhairbahudhā śakalīkṛtaḥ tadaṅgasambhavaṃ sarvaṃ lohaṃ yad dṛśyate kṣitau tasyābhisaraṇādrājño vijayaḥ samudāhṛtaḥ ||” “yathāmbudaśchādayati śivāyaimāṃ vasundharām tathā chāṃdaya rājānaṃ vijayārogyavṛddhaye ||” “śaśāṅkakarasaṃkāśatīkṣṇaḍiṇḍirapāṇḍura ! protsārayāśu duritaṃ cāmarāmaradurlabha ! ||” “gandharvakulajātastvaṃ mā bhūyāḥ kuladūṣakaḥ brahmaṇaḥ satyavākyena somasya varuṇasya ca prabhāvācca hutāśasya varddhaya tvaṃ turaṅgamān tejasā caiva sūryyasya munīnāṃ tapasā tathā rudrasya brahmacaryeṇa pavanasya balena ca smara tvaṃ rājaputratvaṃ kaustubhaṃ ca maṇiṃ smara yāṃ gatiṃ brahmahā gacchenmātṛhā pitṛhā tathā bhūmihā'nṛtavādī ca kṣatriyaśca parāṅmukhaḥ sūryyācandramasau vāyuryāvatpaśyanti duṣkṛtam vrajāśva ! tāṃ gatiṃ kṣipraṃ tacca pāpaṃ bhavettava vikṛtiṃ yadi gacchethā yuddhādhvani turaṅgama ! ripūn vijitya samare saha bhartrā sukhī bhava ||” atha dhvajasya— “śakraketo ! mahāvīryya ! śyāmavarṇārcayāmyaham patrirāja ! namaste'stu tathā nārāyaṇadhvaja ! ### [1.5.p1.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.14) kāśyapeyāruṇabhrātarnāgāre ! viṣṇuvāhana ! aprameya ! durādharṣa ! raṇe devārisūdana ! garunmanmārutagatistvayi sannihito yataḥ sāśvavarmā''yudhān yodhān rakṣa tvaṃ ca ripūn daha ||” atha patākāyāḥ— “hutabhugvasavo rudrā vāyuḥ somo maharṣayaḥ nāgakinnaragandharvayakṣabhūtagaṇagrahāḥ prathamastu sahādityairbhūteśo mātṛbhiḥ saha śakraḥ senāpatiḥ skando varuṇaścāśritastvayi pradahantu ripūn sarvān rājā vijayamṛcchatu yāni prayuktānyaribhirāyudhāni samantataḥ patantūpari śatrūṇāṃ hatāni tava tejasā hiraṇyakaśiporyuddhe yuddhe devāsure tathā kālanemivadhe yadvad yadvat tripuraghātane śobhito'si tathaivādya śobhayāsmāṃśca saṃsmara nīlaśvetānimān dṛṣṭvā naśyantvāśu nṛpārayaḥ vyādhibhirvividhairghoraiḥ śastraiśca yudhi nirjitāḥ pūtanā revatī nāmnā kālarātriśca yā mṛtā daha cāśu ripūn sarvān patāke ! tvamathārcitā ||” atha hastinaḥ— “kumudairāvaṇau padmaḥ puṣpadanto'tha vāmanaḥ supratīko'ñjano nīla ete'ṣṭau devayonayaḥ teṣāṃ putrāśca pautrāśca vanānyaṣṭau samāśritāḥ mando bhadro mṛgaścaiva gajaḥ saṃkīrṇa eva ca vane vane prasūtāste smara yoniṃ mahāgaja ! pāntu tvāṃ vasavo rudrā ādityā samarudgaṇāḥ bhartāraṃ rakṣa nāgendra ! svāmivatpratipālyatām avāmuhi jayaṃ yuddhe gamane svastinā vraja śrīste somād balaṃ viṣṇostejaḥ sūryājjayo'nilāt sthairyaṃ merorjayaṃ rudrādyaśo devātpurandarāt yuddhe rakṣantu nāgāstvāṃ diśaśca saha daivataiḥ aśvinau saha gandharvaiḥ pāntu tvāṃ sarvataḥ sadā ||” atha khaḍgasya— “asirviśanasaḥ khaḍgastīkṣṇadhāro durāsadaḥ ### [1.5.p1.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.15) śrīgarbho vijayaścaiva dharmadhārastathaiva ca etāni nava nāmāni svayamuktāni vedhasā nakṣatraṃ kṛttikā te tu gururdevo maheśvaraḥ rohiṇyaśca śarīraṃ te daivataṃ ca janārdanaḥ pitā pitāmaho devastvaṃ māṃ pālaya sarvadā nīlajīmūtasaṃkāśastīkṣṇadaṃṣṭraḥ kṛśodaraḥ bhāvaśuddho'marṣaṇaśca atitejāstathaiva ca iyaṃ yena dhṛtā kṣoṇī hataśca mahiṣāsuraḥ tīkṣṇadhārāya śuddhāya tasmai khaḍgāya te namaḥ ||” “sarvāyudhānāṃ prathamaṃ nirmitāsi pinākinā śūlāyudhādviniṣkṛṣya kṛtvā muṣṭigrahaṃ śubham caṇḍikāyāḥ pradattāsi sarvaduṣṭanibarhiṇī tayā vistāritā cādidevānāṃ pratipāditā sarvasattvāṅgabhūtāni sarvā'śubhanibarhiṇī kṣurike ! rakṣa māṃ nityaṃ śāntiṃ yaccha namo'stu te ||” “rakṣāṅgāni gajān rakṣa rakṣa vājidhanāni ca mama dehaṃ sadā rakṣa kaṭāraka ! namo'stu te ||” “sarvāyudhamahāmātra ! sarvadevārisūdana ! cāpa ! māṃ samare rakṣa sākaṃ śaravarairiha dhṛtaḥ kṛṣṇena rakṣārthaṃ saṃhārāya hareṇa ca trayīmūrtigataṃ deva ! dhanūratnaṃ namāmyaham ||” “prāsa ! pātaya śatrūṃstvamanayā nākamāyayā gṛhāṇa jīvitaṃ teṣāṃ mama sainyañca rakṣẏatām ||” “śarmapradastvaṃ samare varma ! sainye yaśodyame rakṣa māṃ rakṣaṇīyo'haṃ tāpaneya ! namo'stu te ||” “protsāraṇāya duṣṭānāṃ sādhusaṃrakṣaṇāya ca brahmaṇā nirmitaścāsi vyavahāraprasiddhaye yaśo dehi sukhaṃ dehi jayado bhava bhūpateḥ tāḍayasva ripūn sarvān hemadaṇḍa ! namo'stu te ||” “dundubhe ! tvaṃ sapatnānāṃ ghoṣairhṛdayakarṣaṇaḥ bhava bhūmipasainyānāṃ tathā vijayavarddhanaḥ yathā jīmūtaghoṣeṇa prahṛṣyanti ca barhiṇaḥ ### [1.5.p1.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.16) tathāstu tava śabdena harṣo'smākaṃ mudāvahaḥ yathā jīmūtaśabdena strīṇāṃ trāso'bhijāyate tathā tava ca śabdena trasyantvasmaddviṣo raṇe ||” atha śaṅkhasya— “puṇyastvaṃ śaṅkha ! puṇyānāṃ maṅgalānāñca maṅgalam viṣṇunā vidhṛto nityamataḥ śāntiprado bhava ||” atha siṃhāsanasya— “vijayo jayado jetā ripughātī bhayaṅkaraḥ duḥsaho dharmadaḥ śāntaḥ sarvāriṣṭavināśanaḥ namaste sarvatobhadra ! bhadrado bhava bhūpateḥ trailokyajayasarvasva ! siṃhāsana ! namostu te ||” iti pūjāmantrāḥ | iyameva dauhitrapratipad | asyāṃ mātāmahaśrāddhaṃ kāryam | taduktaṃ hemādrau— “jātamātro'pi dauhitro vidyamāne'pi mātule kuryānmātāmahaśrāddhaṃ pratipadyāśvine site ||” iti atha kārtikaśuklapratipat pūrvaviddhā grāhyā— “pūrvaviddhā prakartavyā śivarātrirbalerdinam |” iti bṛhadyamokteḥ atrāpi tailābhyaṅga āvaśyaka ityuktaṃ vṛddhavasiṣṭhena— “vatsarādau vasantādau balirājye tathaiva ca tailābhyaṅgamakurvāṇo narakaṃ pratipadyate ||” iti iyaṃ cābhyaṅge sūryodayavyāpinī grāhyā | taduktaṃ jyotirnibandhe— “nandāyāmudaye'bhyaṅgaṃ kṛtvā nīrājanaṃ tataḥ suveśaḥ san kathāgītairdānaiśca divasaṃ nayet ||” hemādrau balipratipadyupakrame“tasmād dyūtaṃ prakarttavyaṃ prabhāte tatra mānavaiḥ tasmin dyūte jayo yasya tasya saṃvatsaraṃ jayaḥ parājayo viruddhaścellābhanāśakaro bhavet dayitābhiśca sahitairneyā sā ca bhavenniśā ||” iti atra kṛtyāntaraṃ hemādrau bhaviṣye“prātargovarddhanaḥ pūjyo dyūtaṃ cāpi samācaret pūjanīyāstathā gāvastyājye vāhanadohane ||” ### [1.5.p1.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.17) parvatagavoḥ pūjāmantrau tatraiva“govarddhana ! dharādhāra ! gokulatrāṇakāraka ! vahubāhukṛtacchāya ! gavāṃ koṭiprado bhava ||” “lakṣmīryā lokapālānāṃ dhenurūpeṇa saṃsthitā ghṛtaṃ vahati yajñārthe mama pāpaṃ vyapohatu ||” atra rātrau balipūjā kāryetyuktaṃ hemādrau bhaviṣye“kṛttvaitatsarvameveha rātrau daityapatiṃ balim gṛhasya madhye śālāyāṃ viśālāyāṃ tato'rcayet lokaścāpi gṛhasyāntaḥ śayyāyāṃ śuklataṇḍulaiḥ saṃsthāpya balirājaṃ tu phalaiḥ puṣpaiśca pūjayet ||” pūjāmantraḥ pādme“balirāja ! namastubhyaṃ daityadānavavandita ! īśaśatro'marārāte ! viṣṇusānnidhyado bhava ||” iti caitrakṛṣṇapratipadi śvapacasparśo holikāvibhūtivandanaṃ cūtakusumaprāśanaṃ ca kāryamityuktaṃ bhaviṣyottare— “caitre māsi mahābāho ! puṇyā pratipadā parā yastasyāṃ śvapacaṃ spṛṣṭvā snānaṃ kuryād dvijottamaḥ na tasya duritaṃ kiñcinnādhayo vyādhayo nṛpa ! ||” tathā—“pravṛtte madhumāse tu pratipatsu vibhūtaye kṛtvā cāvaśyakauryāṇi santarpya pitṛdevatāḥ vandayeddholikābhūtiṃ sarvaduḥkhopaśāntaye ||” vibhūtivandane mantraḥ— “vanditāsi surendreṇa vanditā śaṅkareṇa ca atastvaṃ pāhi no devi ! vibhūte ! bhūtidā bhava ||” iti purāṇasamuccaye— “vṛtte tuṣārasamaye sitapañcadaśyāṃ prātarvasantasamaye samupasthite ca saṃprāśya cūtakusumaṃ saha candanena satyaṃ hi pārtha ! puruṣo'tha samāṃ sukhī syāt” samāmiti “kālādhvanoratyantasaṃyoge” iti dvitīyā kusumaprāśane mantraḥ— “dūtamagryaṃ vasantasya mākanda ! kusumaṃ tava sacandanaṃ pibāmyadya sarvakāryārthasiddhaye ||” iti idaṃ ca pūrvaviddhāyāmeva kāryam— ### [1.5.p1.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.18) “vatsarādau vasantādau balirājye tathaiva ca pūrvaviddhaiva kartavyā pratipatsarvadā budhaiḥ ||” iti vṛddhavasiṣṭhavākyāt | atra vedhamāha paiṭhīnasiḥ— “pakṣadvaye'pi tithayastithiṃ pūrvā tathottarām tribhirmuhūrttairvidhyanti sāmānyo'yaṃ vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ ||” iti udayānantaraṃ sthitā trimuhūrttā pūrvatithiruttaratithiṃ vidhyati astamayāt prāksthitā trimuhūrtottaratithiḥ pūrvatithiṃ vidhyatīti sāmānyato vedha ityarthaḥ | hemādryādiṣu tu— “udite daivataṃ bhānau pitryaṃ cāstamite ravau dvimuhūrtaṃ trirahvaśca sā tithirhavyakavyayoḥ ||” iti viṣṇudharmottarād dvimuhūrtto'pyukto vedhaḥ | asyārthaḥ— bhānāvudite sati yad dvimuhūrttaṃ muhūrttadvayaṃ tad daivataṃ devakarmayogyam, evaṃ ravāvastamite'stāsanne sati astamayātpūrvaṃ yadahnaḥ sambandhi trimuhūrtaṃ muhūrttatrayaṃ tat pitryaṃ pitṛkarmayogyam, tasmāt tadvartinī tithirhavyakavyayorgrāhyetyarthaḥ | vastutastu— “dvimuhūrttā na kartavyā yā tithiḥ kṣayagāminī dvimuhūrttāpi kartavyā yā tithirvṛddhigāminī ||” ## Linked texts (16) - [Agnipurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.agni.268.27) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Puraścaryārṇava](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.prayoga.purascarana.purascaryarnava.3.17.8) — Sanskrit - [Saubhāgyataraṅgiṇī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.sampradaya.saiva.agama.srividya.saubhagyatarangini.3.224) — Sanskrit - [Navarātrapradīpa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vrata.durgotsava.navaratrapradipa.115_273) — Nandapaṇḍita 1543, Sanskrit - [Paiṭhīnasidharmasūtra (fragments)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.dharma.paithinasi*fragments.5.1) — Sanskrit - [Bhagavantabhāskara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.bhagavantabhaskara.21.p9) — Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita 1625, Sanskrit - [Pratāpārka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.prataparka.2.p8) — Viśveśvarabhaṭṭa 1766, Sanskrit - [Kālamayūkha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.bhatta.kalamayukha.1.p12) — Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita, Sanskrit - [Jyotirnibandha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.jyotisa.jyotirnibandha.3838_5127) — Śivarāja, Sanskrit - [Jayasīṃhakalpadruma](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.jayasimhakalpadruma.3.p29.10) — Ratnākara 1688, Sanskrit - [Varṣakriyākaumudī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.varsakrtya.varsakriyakaumudi.5.p275) — Govindānanda Kavikaṅkaṇa 1510, Sanskrit - [Gadādharapaddhati](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.gadadharapaddhati.3.p6) — Gadādhara Rājaguru 1725, Sanskrit - [Daśanirṇaya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.dasanirnaya.1.p222) — Veṅkaṭanātha Vaidikasārvabhauma, Sanskrit - [Kālatattvavivecana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.kalatattvavivecana.1.p103) — Raghunātha Vājapeyin 1595, Sanskrit - [Abdadīdhiti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.krtya.abdadidhiti.1.p8) — Anantadeva 1645, Sanskrit - [Kālanirṇaya (Kālamādhavīya)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.kalamadhaviya.4.p51) — Mādhava, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1) · Pramāṇa