[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Polity, Pleasure & Law](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti) › [Law and Social-Religious Duty](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma) › [Times of rites](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala) › [Determination of lunar days](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi) › Tithyarka # Tithyarka तिथ्यर्क Son of Mahādeva, son of Bālakṛṣṇa; part of Dharmaśāstrasudhānidhi; Anukramaṇikā by Vaidyanātha. - **Language:** Sanskrit - **Date:** 1658–1708 CE - **Author:** [Divākarabhaṭṭa](https://indike.org/pramana/person/divakarabhatta) - **Extent:** 186 passages, 23,204 words - **Text:** partly digitised - **Source:** archiveorg · Tithyarka Of Divakar By Shri Krishna Pant Shastri 1932 Achyuta Granthamala Office Varanasi; ed. Śrī Kṛṣṇa… · Scan of a printed edition hosted by the Internet Archive (archive.org); the ancient text is in the public… ## Contents - [1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1) — 4 parts - [2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2) — 2 parts - [3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.3) — 2 parts - [4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.4) — 2 parts - [5 atheṣṭikālanirṇayaḥ](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.5) — 3 parts - [6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.6) — 7 parts ## Text ### [1.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.2) utpattyādiprakarttāraṃ harttāraṃ tamasaḥ param dātāraṃ sarvakāmānāṃ taṃ bhaje'haṃ vikarttanam ### [1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.3) śrīrāmeśvarasūrisūnurabhavannārāyaṇākhyo mahān yenākāryyavimuktake suvidhinā viśveśvarasthāpanā tatputro vibudhādhipaḥ kṣititale śrīśaṅkarastatsuto jāto bhāskarapūjakaḥ pṛthuyaśāḥ śrīnīlakaṇṭho budhaḥ ### [1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.4) bhāradvājakule'male samabhavat śrībālakṛṣṇābhidhaḥ sāhityāmṛtavārirāśiratulaḥ sarvadvijānāṃ guruḥ tatsnūḥ prathamo mahāmaṇiriva prakhyātakīrttirguṇairjāto nyāya naye bṛhaspatisamo nāmnā mahādevakaḥ ### [1.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5) tatputreṇa divākareṇa viduṣā śrīnīlakaṇṭhaprabhordauhitreṇa budhaiḥ sudhārasasamāsvādyaḥ pareṣāṃ kṛte tithyarkaḥ kriyate praṇamya pitaraṃ bālāṃ tathā mātaraṃ śrīkāntaṃ tapanaṃ śriyaṃ paśupatiṃ vācaṃ mahādevatām ### [1.5.p1.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.1) idaṃ hi vacanaṃ na bhakṣaṇavidhiparam, pañcanakhāpañcanakhabhakṣaṇasya yugapatprāpteḥ pakṣaprāptyabhāvāt | ata idamapañcanakhabhakṣaṇanivṛttiparamityayaṃ parisaṃkhyāvidhirityācāryaiḥ spaṣṭīkṛtatvāt | sa ca vidhirāmnāyavākyam | tasya ca prāmāṇyaṃ svataḥ siddhameva tanmūlakatvāt smṛtyādīnāmapi vidhitvena prāmāṇyam | sa ca vidhirdvividhaḥ—pravarttako nivarttakaśceti | tatra pravarttako yathā— “ekādaśyāmupavasetpakṣayorubhayorapi” iti nivartako yathā— “ekādaśyāṃ na bhuñjīta pakṣayorubhayorapi” iti evamubhayavidhavidhyuktakarmaṇāmadhikaraṇatvena tithayo'ṅgam taduktaṃ nirṇayāmṛte— “kāle hi karma codyate na karmaṇi kālaḥ” | iti ataśca vidhyaṅgatvena tithayo nirṇetavyāḥ | tanoti vistārayati candrakalāṃ yaḥ kālaviśeṣaḥ sā tithiḥ | yathoktakalayā tanyata iti vā tithiḥ | uktañca— “tanyante kalayā yasmāttasmāttāstithayaḥ smṛtāḥ” iti sā tithirdvividhā sampūrṇā khaṇḍā ca | sampūrṇāktā skandapurāṇe— “pratipatprabhṛtayaḥ sarvā udayādudayādraveḥ sampūrṇā iti vikhyātā harivāsaravarjitāḥ” || iti harivāsara ekādaśī | tatra sampūrṇatvamagre vakṣyāmaḥ tadanyā khaṇḍā | tatra sandigdhatvātkhaṇḍaiva nirṇetavyā, na tu sampūrṇāpi; prayojanābhāvāt | nirṇayalakṣaṇamuktaṃ nirṇayāmṛte— “tattve vipratipannānāṃ vākyānāmitaretaram virodhaparihāro'tra nirṇayastattvadarśanam ||” iti sarvatithiṣu smṛtyādyuktamanuṣṭhānaṃ kṛtyam | atha tithinirṇayaḥ | tatrādau saṃvatsarārambhe prathamopasthitatvāt pratipannirṇīyate | asyāśca nāmaniruktiruktā bhaviṣye— “tithīnāṃ pravarā yasmād brahmaṇā samudāhṛtā ### [1.5.p1.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.2) pratipādyā pade pūrve pratipattena socyate” || iti yadvā, pratipadyate—upakramyate māsādiranayeti pratipat sā śuklapakṣe pratipat pūrvaviddhā grāhyā, pratipadpyamāvāsyeti yugmavākyāt | sāpi yadā pañcadhā vibhaktasyāhnaścaturthabhāgavyāpinī tadaiva pūrvaviddhā grāhyā | aparāhnottarakāle tu pravṛttā uttaraviddhaiva grāhyā, “pratipatsaṃmukhī kāryā yā bhavedaparāhnakī” iti madanaratne skāndāt saṃmukhī pūrvaviddhā kṛṣṇapakṣe parā, ‘pratipat sadvitīyā syādi’tyāpastambīyayugmavākyāt | upavāse tu śuklā kṛṣṇāpi pratipatpūrvaiva grāhyā, “pratipatpañcamī caiva upoṣyā pūrvasaṃyutā” iti jābālivacanāt | ayaṃ sāmānyato nirṇayaḥ, viśeṣatastatra tatra vakṣyate | nanu pūrvaviddhāyāṃ pratipadi vihito yaḥ pāpakṣayārthamupavāsastasya saṅkalpaḥ kiṃ prātaḥ kāryaḥ ? uta pratipatpraveśe ? iti | nādyaḥ, "yo yasya vihitaḥ kālaḥ karmaṇastadupakrame vidyamāno bhavedaṅgaṃ nojjhitopakrameṇa tu ||” iti skāndād amāvāsyākāle pratipadupavāsasaṅkalpāyāgāt | na dvitīyaḥ pakṣaḥ, - 'prātaḥ saṅkalpayedvidvānupavāsavratādikam' iti vacanātprātaḥ kālasyaiva saṅkalpāṅgatvayogāt | siddhāntastu— "prātarārabhya matimān kuryānnaktavratādikam nāparāhne na madhyāhne pitryakālau hi tau smṛtau ||” ityādivākyaiḥ prātareva saṅkalpaḥ kāryaḥ, yadyapi tadānīṃ jyotiḥśāstrasiddhapratipadabhāvo'sti tathāpi smṛtibhirāpāditapratipatsākalyasadbhāvāt "yāṃ tithiṃ samanuprāpya astaṃ yāti divākaraḥ tithiḥ sā sakalā jñeyā dānādhyayanakarmasu ||” karmasu—upavāsanaktādiṣu atrāstamayātpūrvaṃ trimuhūrttā tithivijñeyā na nyūnā ### [1.5.p1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.3) "yāṃ prāpyāstamupaityarkaḥ sā cetsyāttrimuhūrtikā dharmakṛtyeṣu sarveṣu sampūrṇāṃ tāṃ vidurbudhāḥ ||” iti saurapurāṇāt tadevaṃ pratipadupavāsottaraṃ paredyuḥ pāraṇaṃ prātarvidheyam, uta tithyante—iti sandehe tithyanta eveti bratīmaḥ, “tithinakṣatraniyame tithiyānte ca pāraṇam ato'nyathā pāraṇe tu vratabhaṅgamavāpnuyāt ||” iti sumantuvacanāt asya cāpavādo mādhavīye— “tithyante caiva bhānte ca pāraṇaṃ yatra codyate yāmatrayordhvavartinyāṃ prātareva hi pāraṇam ||” iti yattu devalavacanam— “upavāseṣu sarveṣu pūrvāhṇe pāraṇaṃ bhavet anyathā tu phalasyārddhaṃ dharmamevopasarpati ||” iti, tatparaviddhopavāsaviṣayam; “pūrvaviddhāsu tithiṣu bheṣu ca śravaṇaṃ vinā upoṣyā vidhivat kuryāttattadante ca pāraṇam ||” iti naigamāt | dharmaṃ yamam atra mādhavastu— “tithīnāmeva sarvāsāmupavāsavratādiṣu tithyante pāraṇaṃ kuryādvinā śivacaturdaśīm ||” iti skandapurāṇavacanagatādiśabdagṛhītānyekabhaktanaktāyācitānyapi yāṃ tithimuddiśyaitāni pūrvedyurvihitāni paredyustattithibhāge'tīte paścādbhojanaṃ kāryam, anyathā pūrvadinānuṣṭhitaikabhaktādi vratānāṃ vaikalyaṃ syādityabhiprāyaḥ—ityāha | nanu yo'yamupavāsaḥ pūrvaviddhapratipadi vihitaḥ sa kenāpi nimittena tatra kartuṃ na śakyate cet, tadottaraviddhā gauṇakālatvena grāhyā, kiṃvā mukhyakālātikramād vratatyāga eva, kāle hi karma codyata ityuktatvāt ### [1.5.p1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.4) tatra kecit parityāgamevāṅgīcakruḥ, mukhyakālātikrameṇāpyanuṣṭhāne yadā kadāpyanuṣṭhānaprasaṅgāt , nāyaṃ doṣaḥ, pratipaddarśanābhāvena yadā kadācidanuṣṭhānaprasaṅgaprasaktyabhāvāt , viśeṣyānvitasyaiva viśeṣaṇasyābhyarhitatvāt ataeva mādhavaḥkadācittadasambhave mānāntareṇāpyanuṣṭhānameva śreyo na tu tallopo yukta ityāha ! tatra sāmānyataḥ sarvatithiṣu tithipatitvenāgnyādipūjanaṃ kāryamityuktaṃ nirṇayāmṛte vahnipurāṇe"pratipadyagnipūjā syād dvitīyāyāṃ ca vedhasaḥ daśamyāmantakasyāpi ṣaṣṭhayāṃ pūjā guhasya ca caturthyāṃ gaṇanādhasya gauryāstatpūrvavāsare sarasvatyā navamyāṃ ca saptamyāṃ bhāskarasya ca aṣṭamyāṃ ca caturdaśyāmekādaśyāṃ śivasya ca dvādaśyāñca trayodaśyāṃ hareśca madanasya ca śeṣādīnāṃ phaṇīśānāṃ pañcamyāṃ pūjanaṃ bhavet parvaṇīndostithiṣvāsu pakṣadvayagatāsvapi || iti" pūjanamityasya sarvatrānvayaḥ| pratipadātithīnāṃ trirāvṛttyā nandādisaṃjñoktā ratnamālāyām— “nandā ca bhadrā ca jayā ca riktā pūrṇeti sarvāstithayaḥ kramātsyuḥ||” iti kramāt pratipadāditithiṣu varjyāni uktāni padmapurāṇe— “kramātkūṣmāṇḍabṛhatī taruṇīmūlakaṃ tathā śrīphalañca kaliṅgañca phalaṃ dhātrībhavaṃ tathā nārikelamalāṃbuṃ ca paṭolaṃ badarīphalam carmavṛttākavallī ca śākaṃ tulasijaṃ tathā śākānyetāni varjyāni kramātpratipadādiṣu||” iti atha caitraśuklapratipannirṇīyate| saṃvatsarārambhe udayavyāpinī grāhyā, “caitre māsi jagad brahmā sasarja prathame'hani śuklapakṣe samagra tu tadā sūryodaye sati||” iti mādhavīyabrāhmavākyāt| dinadvaye tadvyāptau pūrvā, ### [1.5.p1.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.5) sampūrṇatvāt| anyāptāvapi vṛddhavaśiṣṭhavacanāt pūrvaiva| vacanaṃ tvagre vakṣyate atra brahmapūjoktā madanaratne brahmapurāṇe caitraśuklapratipatkṛtyopakrame— “tasyāmādau ca sampūjyo brahmā kamalasambhavaḥ||” iti hemādrau viṣṇudharmottare ca— "caitramāsasya yā śuklā prathamā pratipadbhavet tadahni brahmaṇaḥ kṛtvā sopavāsantu pūjanam saṃvatsaramavāpnoti saukhyāni bhṛgunandana ! |" iti prathamā sarvatithīnāmādyā atraiva śakādiśravaṇamuktaṃ jyotiḥśāstre bhaviṣye— "caitre māsi mahābāho puṇyā yā pratipatparā asyāṃ vai nimbapatrāṇi prāśya saṃśṛṇuyāttithim śukavatsarabhūpamantriṇāṃ rasadhānyeśvarameghapatīnām śravaṇātpaṭhanācca vai nṛṇāṃ śubhatāṃ yātyaśubhaṃ saha śriyā ||" iti idaṃ malamāse na kāryam, "ṣaṣṭyā tu divasairmāsaḥ kathito vādarāyaṇaiḥ pūrvamarddhaṃ parityajya kartavyā cottare kriyā ||" iti jyotiḥśāstre pitāmahavacanāt sindhukārāstu mala eva vatsarārambhaḥ kārya iti niṣkarṣamāhuḥ, sa tvaniṣkarṣa eva, vācanikaniṣedhāt iha ca vārṣikanavarātrārambha ukto mārkaṇḍeyapurāṇe— "śaratkāle mahāpūjā kriyate yā ca vārṣikī vasantakāle sā noktā kāryā sarvaiḥ śubhārthibhiḥ ||" iti navarātrakṛtyaṃ śāradanavarātre vakṣyate | prapādānaṃ cātraivoktaṃ bhaviṣye— "atīte phālgune māsi prāpte caitramahotsave puṇye'hni viprakathite prapādānaṃ samārabhet ||" iti "tataścotsarjayedvidvān mantreṇānena mānavaḥ|" iti tatraivokteḥ "prapeyaṃ sarvasāmānyā bhūtebhyaḥ pratipāditā asyāḥ pradānāt pitarastṛpyantu hi pitāmahāḥ anivāryaṃ jalaṃ deyaṃ tato māsacatuṣṭayam ### [1.5.p1.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.6) tripakṣaṃ vā mahārāja ! jīvānāṃ jīvanaṃ param pratyahaṃ kārayettasyāṃ bhojanaṃ śaktito dvijān |" iti "prapāṃ dātumaśaktena viśeṣāddharmamīpsunā pratyahaṃ dharmaghaṭako vastrasaṃveṣṭitānanaḥ brāhmaṇasya gṛhe deyaḥ śītāmalajalaḥ śuciḥ |" iti "eṣa dharmaghaṭo datto brahmaviṣṇuśivātmakaḥ asya pradānātsakalā mama santu manorathāḥ anena vidhinā yastu dharmakumbhaṃ prayacchati prapādānaphalaṃ so'pi prāpnotīha na saṃśayaḥ ||" iti asyāṃ tailābhyaṅgo nityaḥ| vacanaṃ tvagre vakṣyate jyeṣṭhaśuklapratipatprabhṛti daśamyantaṃ daśāśvamedhasnānena pāpanivṛttiruktā kāśīkhaṇḍe— “jyeṣṭhe māsi site pakṣe prāpya pratipadaṃ tithim daśāśvamedhike snātvā mucyate sarvapātakaiḥ evaṃ sarvāsu tithiṣu kramātsnāyī narottamaḥ ā śuklapakṣadaśamīṃ pratijanmāghamutsṛjet ||” iti bhādraśuklapratipadi mahattamākhyaṃ śivavratamuktaṃ skandapurāṇe— “māsi bhādrapade śukle pakṣe ca pratipattithau naivedyantu pacenmaunāt ṣoḍaśa triguṇāni ca phalāni piṣṭapakvāni dadyād viprāya ṣoḍaśa devāya ṣoḍaśa tathā dātavyāni prayatnataḥ bhujyante ṣoḍaśaitāni vratasya niyamāśrayāt |” iti rudravratatvādvidaṃ pūrvaviddhāyāmeva kāryyam | taduktaṃ brahmavaivarte— “rudravrateṣu sarveṣu karttavyā saṃmukhī tithiḥ |” iti saṃmukhī sāyāhnav‍yāpinī, “saṃmukhī nāma sāyāhnavyāpinī dṛśyate yadā |” iti mādhavīyaskāndāt āśvinakṛṣṇapratipadi mahālayaśrāddhārambhaḥ kāryyaḥ| āśvinaśuklapratipadi śarannavarātrārambha ukto hemādrau dhaumyena— “āśvine māsi śukle tu kartavyaṃ navarātrakam pratipadākrameṇaiva yāvacca navamī bhavet ||” iti ### [1.5.p1.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.7) atra pūrvāhnavyāpinī grāhyā, “āśvinasya site pakṣe navarātramupoṣakaḥ susnātastilatailena pūrvāhṇe pūjayecchivām ||” iti devīpurāṇe tasya karmakālatokteḥ ahnaḥ pūrvo bhāgaḥ pūrvāhnaḥ | sa ca divasasya pañcadhā vibhāgena trimuhūrtātmako jñeyaḥ, “muhūrtatritayaṃ prātastāvanneva tu saṃgavaḥ madhyāhnastrimuhūrtasyādaparāhṇo'pi tādṛśaḥ sāyāhnastrimuhūrtastu sarvakarmabahiṣkṛtaḥ ||” iti mādhavīyavyāsokteḥ devīpurāṇe'pi— “prātarāvāhayeddevīṃ prātareva praveśayet prātaḥ prātaḥśva sampūjya prātareva visarjayet ||” iti yattu sindhukārairvacanamalekhi— “bhāskarodayamārabhya yāvattu daśanāḍikāḥ prātaḥkāla iti proktaḥ sthāpanāropaṇāvidhau ||” iti viṣṇudharmoktaṃ tanmahānibandheṣvasattvād bhrāntimūlakameva | atra yāni dvitīyā'māvāsyāyoganiṣedhakāni vākyāni tāni hemādryāṃdiṣvasatvānnirmūlāni, parasparaṃ satpratipakṣatvādanirṇāyakāni cetyupekṣyāṇi | dinadvaye pūrvāhnakāle sattve'sattve vā nirvivādamādyeva | atrādyanāḍīṣoḍaśakaṃ tyaktvā kalaśaṃ sthāpayet, “ādyāḥ ṣoḍaśanāḍyastu labdhvā yaḥ kurute naraḥ kalaśasthāpanaṃ tatra hyariṣṭaṃ jāyate dhruvam ||” iti devīpurāṇe'niṣṭaśruteriti nirṇayāmṛtakāraḥ tadidaṃ sati sambhave jñeyam | kecittu— “ādyāstu nāḍikāstyaktvā ṣoḍaśa dvādaśāpi vā |” iti tatraivoktatvāt ṣoḍaśa dvādaśa vā nāḍyastyājyā ityaicchikavikalpamāhuḥ | idaṃ ca kalaśasthāpanaṃ dinaiva kāryam, na rātrau sthāpanaṃ kāryam; “na ca kumbhābhiṣecanam” iti mātsyaniṣedhāt sthāpane vaidhṛtyādiyoganiṣedhakāni vākyāni tānyapi nirmūlāni atrāśaktasya trirātraikarātre ukte devīpurāṇe— ### [1.5.p1.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.8) “navarātravrate'śaktastrirātraṃ caikarātrakam vrataṃ carati yo bhaktastasmai dāsyāmi vāñchitam ||” iti tacca trirātraṃ saptamyādidinatraye kāryyam taduktaṃ hemādrau dhaumyena— “trirātraṃ vāpi karttavyaṃ saptamyādi yathākramam |” iti ekarātraṃ tu Ashtamyāṃ kāryyam | tacca putravadgṛhasthabhinnaparamuktaṃ kālikāpurāṇe— “upavāsaṃ mahāṣṭamyāṃ putravānna samācaret |” iti mahāṣṭamī—āśvinaśuklāṣṭamī caitraśuklāṣṭamī ca atha saṃkṣepeṇa navarātrakṛtyam | tatrādau kartṛniyamā devīpurāṇe— “kanyāsaṃsthe ravau śakra ! śuklāmārabhya nandikām ayācī tvatha caikāśī naktāśī vātha vāgyataḥ prātaḥsnāyī jitadvandvastrikālaṃ śivapūjakaḥ japahomasamāyuktaḥ kanyakāṃ bhojayenmudā ||” “śubhābhirmṛttikābhiśca pūrvaṃ kṛtvā tu vedikām yavānnaṃ vāpayettatra godhūmaiścāpi saṃyutam tatra saṃsthāpayetkumbhaṃ vidhinā mantrapūrvakam sauvarṇaṃ rājataṃ vāpi tāmraṃ mṛṇmayajaṃ tu vā ||” iti “hemarājatamṛddhāttu śailacitrārpitāpi vā khaḍge śūle'rcitā devī sarvakāmaphalapradā ||” iti “durgāgṛhaṃ prakartavyaṃ caturasraṃ suśobhanam rahasyaṃ svastikādyaiśca carcitaṃ vastramaṇḍitam tanmadhye vedikā kāryā caturasrā samā śubhā |” iti atha pūjāprayogaḥ— pratipadi pūrvāhṇe tilatailenābhyakto yajamānaḥ snātvā deśakālau saṅkīrtya navarātraparyantamupavāsādyanyatamaniyamopeto'haṃ ### [1.5.p1.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.9) durgāprītidvārā sarvāpacchāntipūrvakaṃ dīrghāyurvipuladhanaputrapautrādyanavacchinnasantativṛddhisthiralakṣmīkīrttilābhaśatruparājayasarvābhīṣṭasiddhyarthaṃ śāradanavarātrapratipadi vihitakalaśasthāpanadurgāpūjākumārīpūjādi kariṣya iti saṅkalpya tadādau nirvighnatā siddhayarthaṃ gaṇapatipūjanaṃ kariṣye | prathamārembhe puṇyāhavācanamapi kāryyam | tatkṛtvā, mahīdyauriti bhūmiṃ spṛṣṭvā, oṣadhayaḥ saṃvadanteti yavān nikṣipya, ākaleṣviti kumbhaṃ saṃsthāpya, imaṃ me gaṅge iti jalenāpūryya, gandhadvāreāmiti gandham, yā oṣadhīriti sarvvauṣadhīḥ, kāṇḍaditi dūrvvāḥ, aśvattheva iti pañca pallavān, syonāpṛthivīti saptamṛdaḥ, yāḥ phalinīriti phalam, sa hi ratnānīti pañcaratnāni, hiraṇyarūpa iti hiraṇyam, yuvaṃ vastrāṇīti vastreṇāveṣṭya, pūrṇā darvīti kalaśopari pūrṇapātraṃ nidhāya, varuṇaṃ sampūjya, hemādipratimāyāṃ durgāṃ ṣoḍaśopacāraiḥ pūjayet | pūjāmantrastu devīpurāṇe— “jayantī maṅgalā kālī bhadrakālī kapālinī durgā kṣamā śivā dhātrī svāhā svadhā namo'stu te anenaiva tu mantreṇa japahomādi kārayet |” iti tatrādau mahākālyai namaḥ, mahālakṣmyai namaḥ, mahāsarasvatyai namaḥ, prabhāyai namaḥ, māyāyai namaḥ, jayāyaiḥ namaḥ, viśuddhāyai namaḥ, nandinyai namaḥ, suprabhāyai namaḥ, vijayāyai namaḥ, sarvasiddhipradāyai namaḥ, vajranakhadaṃṣṭrāyai namaḥ| ebhistrayodaśanāmabhiḥ pīṭhapūjāṃ kṛtvā devīṃ dhyāyet | dhyānamuktaṃ śāradāyām— “siṃhasthā śaśiśekharā marakataprakhyā caturbhirbhujaiḥ śaṅkhaṃ cakradhanuḥśarāṃśca dadhatī netraistribhiḥ śobhitā āmuktāṅgadahārakaṅkaṇaraṇatkāñcī kvaṇannūpurā ### [1.5.p1.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.10) durgā durgatihāriṇī bhavatu no ratnollasatkuṇḍalā ||” iti dhyātvā, pūrvoktamantreṇa durgāyai namaḥ—anenaivāvāhanādi puṣpasamarpaṇāntaṃ kṛtvā aṅgapūjāṃ kuryāt durgāyai namaḥ pādau pūjayāmi, kātyāyanyai namo gulphau pūjayāmi, sāvitryai namo jānunī pūjayāmi, sarasvatyai namo jaṅghe pūjayāmi, bhadrakālyai namaḥ kaṭiṃ pūjayāmi, maṅgalāyai namo nābhiṃ pūjayāmi, śivāyai nama udaraṃ pūjayāmi, kṣamāyai namo hṛdayaṃ pūjayāmi, dhātryai namo hastau pūjayāmi, svadhāyai namaḥ kaṇṭhaṃ pūjayāmi, mahiṣamardinyai namo mukhaṃ pūjayāmi, nārāyaṇyai namo nāsikāṃ pūjayāmi, raudrāyai namaḥ śrotre pūjayāmi, siṃhavāhinyai namo netre pūjayāmi, kālarātryai namo lalāṭaṃ pūjayāmi, kumāryai namaḥ śiraḥ pūjayāmi, mahādevyai namaḥ sarvāṅgaṃ pūjayāmi | tato dhūpādipūjāṃ samāpya, kūṣmāṇḍādivaliṃ nivedya, kumārīpūjā kāryā | taduktaṃ navarātraprakaraṇe devīpurāṇe"na tathā tuṣyate śakra ! japahoma samādhinā kumārīpūjanenātra yathā devī prasīdati ||” iti skānde'pi"āyuṣyavalavṛddhyarthaṃ kumārīṃ pūjayennaraḥ |" iti kumārīpūjāmantrastu skānde"mantrākṣaramayīṃ lakṣmīṃ mātṛṇāṃ rūpadhāriṇīm navadurgātmikāṃ sākṣātkanyāmāvāhayāmyaham jagatpūjye ! jagadvandye ! sarvaśaktisvarūpiṇi ! pūjāṃ gṛhāṇa kaumāri ! jaganmātarnamo'stu te kañcukaiścāpi vastraiśca gandhapuṣpākṣatādibhiḥ nānāvidhairbhakṣyabhojyairbhojayetpāyasādibhiḥ ||” iti kumārīvayaḥpramāṇaṃ madanaratne skānde"ekavarṣā tu yā kanyā pūjārthe tāṃ vivarjayet gandhapuṣpaphalādīnāṃ prītistasyā na vidyate dvivarṣakanyāmārabhya daśavarṣāvadhi kramāt ### [1.5.p1.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.11) pūjayetsarvakāryeṣu yathāvidhyuktamārgataḥ brāhmaṇīṃ sarvakāryeṣu arthārthe nṛpavaṃśajām lābhārthe vaiśyavaṃśotthāṃ sutārthe śūdravaṃśajām ||” iti apūjyakanyā uktāstatraiva— “hīnādhikāṅgīṃ kuṣṭhīṃ ca vināśikulasambhavām granthisphuritaśīrṇāṅgīṃ raktapūyavraṇāṅkitām jātyandhāṃ kekarāṃ kāṇīṃ kurūpāṃ tanuromaśām santyajedrogiṇīṃ kanyāṃ dāsīgarbhasamudbhavām ||” iti yathoktakanyālābhe tu devīpurāṇe— “vivāhānantaraṃ kanyāṃ kanyātvamupajāyate tāvatsaṃpūjayetkanyāṃ yāvatpuṣpaṃ na dṛśyate ||” iti tato devīṃ prārthayet— “mahiṣaghni ! mahāmāye ! cāmuṇḍe ! muṇḍamālini ! dravyamārogyavijayaṃ dehi devi ! namaḥ sadā ||” tataśca durgāgrato mantraṃ japet | taduktaṃ devīpurāṇe— “durgāgrato japenmantramekacittaḥ samāhitaḥ |” iti japottaraṃ caṇḍīpāṭho'pi tatraivoktaḥ— “ekottarābhivṛddhyā tu navamīṃ yāvadeva hi caṇḍīpāṭhaṃ yajeccaiva yājayedvā vidhānataḥ ||” iti navarātrārambhottaraṃ sūtake prāpte viśeṣo viśvarūpanibandhe— “āśvine śuklapakṣe tu prārabdhe navarātrake śāve sūte samutpanne kriyā kāryā kathaṃ budhaiḥ ||” iti praśne kṛtamuttaram— “sūtakaṃ varttamāne ca tatrotpannaṃ yadā bhavet devīpūjā prakarttavyā paśuyajñavidhānataḥ sūtake pūjanaṃ proktaṃ dānaṃ caiva viśeṣataḥ devīmuddiśya karttavyaṃ tatra doṣo na vidyate sūtake pāraṇaṃ kuryānnavamyāṃ homapūrvakam tadante bhojayedviprān dānaṃ dadyācca śaktitaḥ ||” iti “astaṃ gate gurau śukre siṃhasthe vibudhādhipe devīpūjanamuddiṣṭaṃ sthavire bālake tathā ||” “naṣṭe śukre tathā jīve siṃhasthe ca bṛhaspatau ### [1.5.p1.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.12) kāryā caiva hi devyārcā pratyabdaṃ kuladharmataḥ ||” iti “ādyārambhe virāmaḥ syād dvitīyādau na cintayet |” iti samayamayūkhe viśvarūpanibandhenodāhṛtatvāt | malamāse tu dvitīyanavarātrārambho'pi na bhavati | tathā coktaṃ viśvarūpanibandhe— “ malamāse na karttavyaṃ navadurgātsavavratam |” iti na ca navadurgātsavavratamityanena nūtanadurgātsavavrataṃ malamāse na kartavyamiti vācyam, nava ca tā durgāśceti vyutpattyā navaśabdasya saṃkhyāvācitvāt “ navadurgātmikāṃ sākṣāt kanyāmāvāhayāmyaham |” iti skāndāt saṃkhyāvācitvameva na nūtanavācitvam atra cādhikāraḥ sarveṣām | taduktaṃ madanaratne bhaviṣyottare— “pūjanīyā janairdevī sthāne sthāne pure pure śastaiḥ pramuditairhṛṣṭairbrāhmaṇaiḥ kṣatriyairviśaiḥ śūdrairbhaktiyutairlecchairanyaiśca bhuvi mānavaiḥ strībhiśca kuruśārdūla ! ........... ||” iti atra sāśvapuruṣāṇāmaśvapūjoktā tatraiva devīpurāṇe— āśvayuka śuklapratipatsvāttiyoge śubhe dine pūrvamuccaiḥśravā nāma prathamaṃ śriyamāvahat tasmātsāśvairnaraistatra pūjyo'sau śraddhayā sadā pūjanīyāśca turagā navamī yāvadeva hi śāntiḥ svastyayanaṃ kāryaṃ tadā teṣāṃ dine dine ||” iti asyāmeva aṣṭamyavadhi rājñāṃ lohābhisārikaṃ karma proktaṃ madanaratne bhaviṣye— "jayābhilāṣī nṛpatiḥ pratipatprabhṛti kramāt lohābhisārikaṃ karma kārayed yāvadaṣṭamīm ||" "prāgudak pravaṇe deśe patākābhiralaṅkṛte maṇḍapaṃ kārayeddivyaṃ navasaptakaraṃ param ||" "āgneyyāṃ kārayetkuṇḍaṃ hastamātraṃ suśobhanam mekhalātrayasaṃyuktaṃ yonyā'śvatthadalābhayā rājacihnāni sarvāṇi śastrāṇyastrāṇi yāni ca ### [1.5.p1.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.13) ānīya maṇḍape tāni sarvāṇyevādhivāsayet tatastu brāhmaṇaḥ snātaḥ śuklāmbaradharaḥ śuciḥ oṃkārapūrvakairmantraistalliṅgairjuhuyād ghṛtam śastrāstramantrairhotavyaṃ pāyasaṃ ghṛtasaṃyutam hutaśeṣaṃ turaṅgāṇāṃ rājānamupahārayet lohābhisārikaṃ karma tenaitadṛṣibhiḥ smṛtam dhṛtapalyayanānaśvānajāṃśca samalaṅkṛtān bhrāmayennagare nityaṃ nandighoṣapuraḥsaram pratyahaṃ nṛpatiḥ snātvā sampūjya pitṛdevatāḥ pūjayedrājyacihnāni phalamālyavibhūṣaṇaiḥ |" "lohanāmā'bhavatpūrvamasuraḥ sumahābalaḥ sa devaiḥ samare kruddhairbahudhā śakalīkṛtaḥ tadaṅgasambhavaṃ sarvaṃ lohaṃ yad dṛśyate kṣitau tasyābhisaraṇādrājño vijayaḥ samudāhṛtaḥ ||” “yathāmbudaśchādayati śivāyaimāṃ vasundharām tathā chāṃdaya rājānaṃ vijayārogyavṛddhaye ||” “śaśāṅkakarasaṃkāśatīkṣṇaḍiṇḍirapāṇḍura ! protsārayāśu duritaṃ cāmarāmaradurlabha ! ||” “gandharvakulajātastvaṃ mā bhūyāḥ kuladūṣakaḥ brahmaṇaḥ satyavākyena somasya varuṇasya ca prabhāvācca hutāśasya varddhaya tvaṃ turaṅgamān tejasā caiva sūryyasya munīnāṃ tapasā tathā rudrasya brahmacaryeṇa pavanasya balena ca smara tvaṃ rājaputratvaṃ kaustubhaṃ ca maṇiṃ smara yāṃ gatiṃ brahmahā gacchenmātṛhā pitṛhā tathā bhūmihā'nṛtavādī ca kṣatriyaśca parāṅmukhaḥ sūryyācandramasau vāyuryāvatpaśyanti duṣkṛtam vrajāśva ! tāṃ gatiṃ kṣipraṃ tacca pāpaṃ bhavettava vikṛtiṃ yadi gacchethā yuddhādhvani turaṅgama ! ripūn vijitya samare saha bhartrā sukhī bhava ||” atha dhvajasya— “śakraketo ! mahāvīryya ! śyāmavarṇārcayāmyaham patrirāja ! namaste'stu tathā nārāyaṇadhvaja ! ### [1.5.p1.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.14) kāśyapeyāruṇabhrātarnāgāre ! viṣṇuvāhana ! aprameya ! durādharṣa ! raṇe devārisūdana ! garunmanmārutagatistvayi sannihito yataḥ sāśvavarmā''yudhān yodhān rakṣa tvaṃ ca ripūn daha ||” atha patākāyāḥ— “hutabhugvasavo rudrā vāyuḥ somo maharṣayaḥ nāgakinnaragandharvayakṣabhūtagaṇagrahāḥ prathamastu sahādityairbhūteśo mātṛbhiḥ saha śakraḥ senāpatiḥ skando varuṇaścāśritastvayi pradahantu ripūn sarvān rājā vijayamṛcchatu yāni prayuktānyaribhirāyudhāni samantataḥ patantūpari śatrūṇāṃ hatāni tava tejasā hiraṇyakaśiporyuddhe yuddhe devāsure tathā kālanemivadhe yadvad yadvat tripuraghātane śobhito'si tathaivādya śobhayāsmāṃśca saṃsmara nīlaśvetānimān dṛṣṭvā naśyantvāśu nṛpārayaḥ vyādhibhirvividhairghoraiḥ śastraiśca yudhi nirjitāḥ pūtanā revatī nāmnā kālarātriśca yā mṛtā daha cāśu ripūn sarvān patāke ! tvamathārcitā ||” atha hastinaḥ— “kumudairāvaṇau padmaḥ puṣpadanto'tha vāmanaḥ supratīko'ñjano nīla ete'ṣṭau devayonayaḥ teṣāṃ putrāśca pautrāśca vanānyaṣṭau samāśritāḥ mando bhadro mṛgaścaiva gajaḥ saṃkīrṇa eva ca vane vane prasūtāste smara yoniṃ mahāgaja ! pāntu tvāṃ vasavo rudrā ādityā samarudgaṇāḥ bhartāraṃ rakṣa nāgendra ! svāmivatpratipālyatām avāmuhi jayaṃ yuddhe gamane svastinā vraja śrīste somād balaṃ viṣṇostejaḥ sūryājjayo'nilāt sthairyaṃ merorjayaṃ rudrādyaśo devātpurandarāt yuddhe rakṣantu nāgāstvāṃ diśaśca saha daivataiḥ aśvinau saha gandharvaiḥ pāntu tvāṃ sarvataḥ sadā ||” atha khaḍgasya— “asirviśanasaḥ khaḍgastīkṣṇadhāro durāsadaḥ ### [1.5.p1.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.15) śrīgarbho vijayaścaiva dharmadhārastathaiva ca etāni nava nāmāni svayamuktāni vedhasā nakṣatraṃ kṛttikā te tu gururdevo maheśvaraḥ rohiṇyaśca śarīraṃ te daivataṃ ca janārdanaḥ pitā pitāmaho devastvaṃ māṃ pālaya sarvadā nīlajīmūtasaṃkāśastīkṣṇadaṃṣṭraḥ kṛśodaraḥ bhāvaśuddho'marṣaṇaśca atitejāstathaiva ca iyaṃ yena dhṛtā kṣoṇī hataśca mahiṣāsuraḥ tīkṣṇadhārāya śuddhāya tasmai khaḍgāya te namaḥ ||” “sarvāyudhānāṃ prathamaṃ nirmitāsi pinākinā śūlāyudhādviniṣkṛṣya kṛtvā muṣṭigrahaṃ śubham caṇḍikāyāḥ pradattāsi sarvaduṣṭanibarhiṇī tayā vistāritā cādidevānāṃ pratipāditā sarvasattvāṅgabhūtāni sarvā'śubhanibarhiṇī kṣurike ! rakṣa māṃ nityaṃ śāntiṃ yaccha namo'stu te ||” “rakṣāṅgāni gajān rakṣa rakṣa vājidhanāni ca mama dehaṃ sadā rakṣa kaṭāraka ! namo'stu te ||” “sarvāyudhamahāmātra ! sarvadevārisūdana ! cāpa ! māṃ samare rakṣa sākaṃ śaravarairiha dhṛtaḥ kṛṣṇena rakṣārthaṃ saṃhārāya hareṇa ca trayīmūrtigataṃ deva ! dhanūratnaṃ namāmyaham ||” “prāsa ! pātaya śatrūṃstvamanayā nākamāyayā gṛhāṇa jīvitaṃ teṣāṃ mama sainyañca rakṣẏatām ||” “śarmapradastvaṃ samare varma ! sainye yaśodyame rakṣa māṃ rakṣaṇīyo'haṃ tāpaneya ! namo'stu te ||” “protsāraṇāya duṣṭānāṃ sādhusaṃrakṣaṇāya ca brahmaṇā nirmitaścāsi vyavahāraprasiddhaye yaśo dehi sukhaṃ dehi jayado bhava bhūpateḥ tāḍayasva ripūn sarvān hemadaṇḍa ! namo'stu te ||” “dundubhe ! tvaṃ sapatnānāṃ ghoṣairhṛdayakarṣaṇaḥ bhava bhūmipasainyānāṃ tathā vijayavarddhanaḥ yathā jīmūtaghoṣeṇa prahṛṣyanti ca barhiṇaḥ ### [1.5.p1.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.16) tathāstu tava śabdena harṣo'smākaṃ mudāvahaḥ yathā jīmūtaśabdena strīṇāṃ trāso'bhijāyate tathā tava ca śabdena trasyantvasmaddviṣo raṇe ||” atha śaṅkhasya— “puṇyastvaṃ śaṅkha ! puṇyānāṃ maṅgalānāñca maṅgalam viṣṇunā vidhṛto nityamataḥ śāntiprado bhava ||” atha siṃhāsanasya— “vijayo jayado jetā ripughātī bhayaṅkaraḥ duḥsaho dharmadaḥ śāntaḥ sarvāriṣṭavināśanaḥ namaste sarvatobhadra ! bhadrado bhava bhūpateḥ trailokyajayasarvasva ! siṃhāsana ! namostu te ||” iti pūjāmantrāḥ | iyameva dauhitrapratipad | asyāṃ mātāmahaśrāddhaṃ kāryam | taduktaṃ hemādrau— “jātamātro'pi dauhitro vidyamāne'pi mātule kuryānmātāmahaśrāddhaṃ pratipadyāśvine site ||” iti atha kārtikaśuklapratipat pūrvaviddhā grāhyā— “pūrvaviddhā prakartavyā śivarātrirbalerdinam |” iti bṛhadyamokteḥ atrāpi tailābhyaṅga āvaśyaka ityuktaṃ vṛddhavasiṣṭhena— “vatsarādau vasantādau balirājye tathaiva ca tailābhyaṅgamakurvāṇo narakaṃ pratipadyate ||” iti iyaṃ cābhyaṅge sūryodayavyāpinī grāhyā | taduktaṃ jyotirnibandhe— “nandāyāmudaye'bhyaṅgaṃ kṛtvā nīrājanaṃ tataḥ suveśaḥ san kathāgītairdānaiśca divasaṃ nayet ||” hemādrau balipratipadyupakrame“tasmād dyūtaṃ prakarttavyaṃ prabhāte tatra mānavaiḥ tasmin dyūte jayo yasya tasya saṃvatsaraṃ jayaḥ parājayo viruddhaścellābhanāśakaro bhavet dayitābhiśca sahitairneyā sā ca bhavenniśā ||” iti atra kṛtyāntaraṃ hemādrau bhaviṣye“prātargovarddhanaḥ pūjyo dyūtaṃ cāpi samācaret pūjanīyāstathā gāvastyājye vāhanadohane ||” ### [1.5.p1.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.17) parvatagavoḥ pūjāmantrau tatraiva“govarddhana ! dharādhāra ! gokulatrāṇakāraka ! vahubāhukṛtacchāya ! gavāṃ koṭiprado bhava ||” “lakṣmīryā lokapālānāṃ dhenurūpeṇa saṃsthitā ghṛtaṃ vahati yajñārthe mama pāpaṃ vyapohatu ||” atra rātrau balipūjā kāryetyuktaṃ hemādrau bhaviṣye“kṛttvaitatsarvameveha rātrau daityapatiṃ balim gṛhasya madhye śālāyāṃ viśālāyāṃ tato'rcayet lokaścāpi gṛhasyāntaḥ śayyāyāṃ śuklataṇḍulaiḥ saṃsthāpya balirājaṃ tu phalaiḥ puṣpaiśca pūjayet ||” pūjāmantraḥ pādme“balirāja ! namastubhyaṃ daityadānavavandita ! īśaśatro'marārāte ! viṣṇusānnidhyado bhava ||” iti caitrakṛṣṇapratipadi śvapacasparśo holikāvibhūtivandanaṃ cūtakusumaprāśanaṃ ca kāryamityuktaṃ bhaviṣyottare— “caitre māsi mahābāho ! puṇyā pratipadā parā yastasyāṃ śvapacaṃ spṛṣṭvā snānaṃ kuryād dvijottamaḥ na tasya duritaṃ kiñcinnādhayo vyādhayo nṛpa ! ||” tathā—“pravṛtte madhumāse tu pratipatsu vibhūtaye kṛtvā cāvaśyakauryāṇi santarpya pitṛdevatāḥ vandayeddholikābhūtiṃ sarvaduḥkhopaśāntaye ||” vibhūtivandane mantraḥ— “vanditāsi surendreṇa vanditā śaṅkareṇa ca atastvaṃ pāhi no devi ! vibhūte ! bhūtidā bhava ||” iti purāṇasamuccaye— “vṛtte tuṣārasamaye sitapañcadaśyāṃ prātarvasantasamaye samupasthite ca saṃprāśya cūtakusumaṃ saha candanena satyaṃ hi pārtha ! puruṣo'tha samāṃ sukhī syāt” samāmiti “kālādhvanoratyantasaṃyoge” iti dvitīyā kusumaprāśane mantraḥ— “dūtamagryaṃ vasantasya mākanda ! kusumaṃ tava sacandanaṃ pibāmyadya sarvakāryārthasiddhaye ||” iti idaṃ ca pūrvaviddhāyāmeva kāryam— ### [1.5.p1.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p1.18) “vatsarādau vasantādau balirājye tathaiva ca pūrvaviddhaiva kartavyā pratipatsarvadā budhaiḥ ||” iti vṛddhavasiṣṭhavākyāt | atra vedhamāha paiṭhīnasiḥ— “pakṣadvaye'pi tithayastithiṃ pūrvā tathottarām tribhirmuhūrttairvidhyanti sāmānyo'yaṃ vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ ||” iti udayānantaraṃ sthitā trimuhūrttā pūrvatithiruttaratithiṃ vidhyati astamayāt prāksthitā trimuhūrtottaratithiḥ pūrvatithiṃ vidhyatīti sāmānyato vedha ityarthaḥ | hemādryādiṣu tu— “udite daivataṃ bhānau pitryaṃ cāstamite ravau dvimuhūrtaṃ trirahvaśca sā tithirhavyakavyayoḥ ||” iti viṣṇudharmottarād dvimuhūrtto'pyukto vedhaḥ | asyārthaḥ— bhānāvudite sati yad dvimuhūrttaṃ muhūrttadvayaṃ tad daivataṃ devakarmayogyam, evaṃ ravāvastamite'stāsanne sati astamayātpūrvaṃ yadahnaḥ sambandhi trimuhūrtaṃ muhūrttatrayaṃ tat pitryaṃ pitṛkarmayogyam, tasmāt tadvartinī tithirhavyakavyayorgrāhyetyarthaḥ | vastutastu— “dvimuhūrttā na kartavyā yā tithiḥ kṣayagāminī dvimuhūrttāpi kartavyā yā tithirvṛddhigāminī ||” ### [1.5.p2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.1.5.p2) iti dakṣavacane'pikārapāṭhād dvimuhūrttatvamanukalpaḥ ### [2.p1.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.1) ayaṃ vedhaḥ prātareva | sāyaṃ tu trimuhūrtāyā eva titheḥ sarvatra grāhyatvābhidhānāt taduktaṃ skānde— “yāṃ tithiṃ samanuprāpya yātyastaṃ padminīpatiḥ sā tithistaddine proktā trimuhūrttāaiva yā bhavet ||” iti asyāṃ cābhyaṅgo nityaḥ, pūrvoktavākyāt | pratipacchukreṇa siddhā, budhabhaumābhyāṃ viruddhā | yoginyasyāṃ pūrvasyām | iti pratipannirṇatā— atha dvitīyā nirṇīyate | sā śuklā paraviddhā grāhyā, yugmāgnīti vacanāt | kṛṣṇā pūrvaviddhā grāhyā, “dvitīyā pratipadyutā” ityāpastambavacanāt | upavāse tu sarvāpi dvitīyā paraiva taduktaṃ viṣṇudharmottare— “ekādaśyaṣṭamī ṣaṣṭhī dvitīyā ca caturdaśī trayodaśī amāvāsyā upoṣyāḥ syuḥ parānvitāḥ ||” iti caitraśukladvitīyāyāmumāpūjāgnipūjā ca kāryetyuktaṃ bhaviṣye— “caitraśuklādvitīyāyāmumāpūjā phalārthibhiḥ śivapūjā'gnipūjā ca karttavyā munisattama ||” iti devīpurāṇe'pi— “umāṃ śivaṃ hutāśaṃ ca dvitīyāyāṃ prapūjayet haviṣyamannaṃ naivedyaṃ deyaṃ gandhārcanānvitam phalamāpnoti viprendra ! sarvaṛtusamudbhavam ||” iti jyeṣṭhaśukladvitīyā sopapadā | taduktaṃ kālikādarśe— "sitā jyeṣṭhadvitīyā ca āśvine daśamī sitā caturthī dvādaśī māghe etāḥ sopapadāḥ smṛtāḥ ||" "yugādiṣu ca sarvāsu tathā manvantarādiṣu anadhyāyaṃ prakurvīta tathā sopapadā tithau ||" iti "āṣāḍhasya site pakṣe dvitīyā puṣyasaṃyutā tasyāṃ rathe samāropya rāmaṃ vai bhadrayā saha yātrotsavaṃ pravartyātha prīṇayeta dvijān bahūn ṛkṣābhāve tithau kāryā yātrā sā prītaye mama ||" iti "kṛṣṇāṣṭamī bṛhattalpā sāvitrī vaṭapaitrikī kāmatrayodaśī rambhā upoṣyā pūrvasaṃyutā ||" iti ### [2.p1.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.2) "caturṣvapi pakṣeṣu māseṣu śrāvaṇādiṣu aśūnyākhyaṃ vrataṃ kuryājjastateyathā tu phalādhikam ||" iti jayā tṛtīyā | kārtikaśukladvitīyā yamadvitīyācyate | sā'parāhnavyāpinī grāhyā, karmakālavākyāt | taduktaṃ hemādrau skānde"ūrje śukladvitīyāyāmaparāhne'rcayedyamam snānaṃ kṛtvā bhānujāyāṃ yamalokaṃ na paśyati ūrje śukladvitīyāyāṃ pūjitastarpito yamaḥ veṣṭitaḥ kinnarairhṛṣṭaistasmai yacchati vāñchitam ||” iti dinadvaye karmakālavyāptāvavyāptau vā sāmānyanirṇayo'vaseyaḥ | gauḍāstu viśeṣamāhuḥ"yamaṃ ca citraguptaṃ ca yamadūtāṃśca pūjayet citraguptasya pūjāṃ ca kuryād jñānasya vṛddhaye masīpātraṃ lekhanīṃ ca pūjayecca prayatnataḥ sarvān kāmānavāpnoti yamalokaṃ na paśyati ||” iti asyāṃ bhaginīgṛhe bhoktavyamityuktaṃ bhaviṣye"kārtike śuklapakṣasya dvitīyāyāṃ yudhiṣṭhira ! yamo yamunayā pūrvaṃ bhojitāḥ svagṛhe'rcitaḥ ato yamadvitīyeyaṃ triṣu lokeṣu viśrutā asyāṃ nijagṛhe vipra ! na bhoktavyaṃ tato naraiḥ snehena bhaginīhastādbhoktavyaṃ puṣṭivarddhanam dānāni ca pradeyāni bhaginībhyo viśeṣataḥ svarṇālaṅkāravastrānnapūjāsatkārabhojanaiḥ sarvā bhaginyaḥ sampūjyā abhāve pratipannakā ||” iti pratipannakā matā bhaginya iti hemādrirūce brahmāṇḍe'pi— “yā tu bhojayate nārī bhrātaraṃ yugmake tithau arccayeccāpi tāmbūlairna sā vaidhavyamāpnuyāt bhrāturāyuḥkṣayo rājan na bhavettasya karhicit |” caitrakṛṣṇadvitīyāyāṃ kāmamahotsava ukto bhaviṣye— “tataḥ prātardvitīyāyāṃ putramitrādisaṃyutaḥ nṛpatirvitate deśe vitānavaraśobhite nṛtyagītavinodaiśca kuryātkāmamahotsavam ### [2.p1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.3) evaṃ kurvannavāpnoti yāvatsaṃvatsaraṃ sukham ||” iti tataḥ pratipadyutsavānantaramityarthaḥ | ayaṃ cotsavaḥ pūrvaviddhāyāmeva, “pratipatsadvitīyā syād dvitīyā pratipadyutā” iti vakṣyamāṇayugmavākyāt | dvitīyā budhena siddhā | śukreṇa viruddhā atra yoginyuttarasyām | iti dvitīyā nirṇītā atha tṛtīyā nirṇīyate | sā tu paraiva | taduktaṃ brahmavaivarte— “rambhākhyāṃ varjayitvaikāṃ tṛtīyāṃ dvijasattama ! anyeṣu śubhakāryeṣu gaṇayuktā praśasyate ||” iti 'gaṇa:' caturthī | yugmavākyantu rambhāviṣayaṃ sarvaviṣayatve tūdāhṛtavacanavirodhastasmādrambhātrata eva pūrvā, anyā sarvāpyuttaraiva upavāse'pyayameva nirṇayaḥ | taduktaṃ viṣṇudharmottare"ekādaśyaṣṭamī ṣaṣṭhī paurṇamāsī caturdaśī amāvāsyā tṛtīyā ca tā upoṣyā parānvitā ||” iti caitraśuklatṛtīyāyāṃ dolotsava ukto rāmārcanacandrikāyāṃ gāruḍe"caitre māsi site pakṣe tṛtīyāyāṃ ramāpatim dolārūḍhaṃ samabhyarcya māsamāndolayetkalau ||” iti gaurītṛtīyā iyameva | asyāṃ gaurīmīśvarayutāṃ sampūjya dolotsavaṃ kuryāt | taduktaṃ devīpurāṇe"tṛtīyāyāṃ yajeddevī śaṅkareṇa samanvitām āndolayettato vatsa ! śivayā sahitaṃ śivam ||” iti asyāmeva madanaratne kālottare gaurīvratamuktam" caitraśuklatṛtīyāyāṃ vrataṃ gauryāḥ samācaret ||” iti atra muhūrtamātrāpi parā grāhyā | tadāha mādhavaḥ"muhūrtamātrasattve'pi dine gaurīvrataṃ pare śuddhādhikāyāmapyevaṃ gaṇayogapraśaṃsanāt ||” iti skānde'pi"kalā kāṣṭhāpi vā caiva dvitīyā saṃpradṛśyate sā tṛtīyā na kartavyā kartavyā gaṇasaṃyutā ||” iti ### [2.p1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.4) yadā tūttaradine svalpāpi tṛtīyā na labhyate, tadā dvitīyāviddhaiva kāryā; "ekādaśī tṛtīyā ca ṣaṣṭhī caiva trayodaśī pūrvaviddhaiva kartavyā yadi na syātpare'hani ||" iti vṛddhavasiṣṭhokteḥ | atra saubhāgyavratamuktaṃ mātsye— "vasantamāsamāsādya tṛtīyāyāṃ janapriye ! saubhāgyāya sadā strībhiḥ kāryaṃ putrasukhepsubhiḥ ||" iti matsyajayantyapīyameva, "matsyo'bhūddhataṛgdine madhusite" iti vākyāt vaiśākhaśuklatṛtīyā'kṣayatṛtīyeocyate | taduktaṃ bhaviṣye— "yā tveṣā kuruśārdūla ! vaiśākhe tu mahātithiḥ tṛtīyā sā'kṣayā loke gīrvāṇairabhivanditā yatkiñciddīyate dānaṃ svalpaṃ vā yadi vā bahu tatsarvamakṣayaṃ yasmātteneyamakṣayā smṛtā ||" iti iyaṃ yugādiḥ | sā pūrvāhnavyāpinī grāhyā | taduktaṃ nāradīye— "dve śukle dve tathā kṛṣṇe yugādī kavayo viduḥ śukle paurvāhnike grāhye kṛṣṇe caivāparāhnike ||" iti vaiśākhaśuklatṛtīyā kārttikaśuklanavamīti śuklayugādī, bhādrakṛṣṇatrayodaśī māghamāsasyāmeti dve kṛṣṇayugādī | pramāṇavacanaṃ tu navamīprakaraṇe vakṣyate | atra pūrvāhnāparāhnaśabdābhyāṃ dvedhā vibhāgaḥ pratīyate | sa ca skānde darśitaḥ— “āvarttanāttu pūrvāhno hyaparāhnastataḥ paraḥ ||” iti dinadvaye tattve paraiva | ‘yugādyā varṣavṛddhiśca’ iti vakṣyamāṇavacanāt, śrāddhe'pi śuklā pūrvāhnavyāpinī grāhyā, “pūrvāhne tu sadā grāhyāḥ śuklā manuyugādayaḥ daive karmmaṇi pitrye ca kṛṣṇe caivāparāhvikāḥ ||” iti gāruḍāt | yugādimanvādiśrāddheṣu śuklapakṣa udayavyāpinī tithirgrāhyā, kṛṣṇapakṣe'parāhnavyāpinīti smṛtyarthasārācca atra pitṛprītyarthaṃ kumbhadānamuktaṃ samayamayūkhe devīpurāṇe— ### [2.p1.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.5) “tṛtīyāyāṃ tu vaiśākhe rohiṇyarkṣe prapūjya tu udakumbhapradānena śivaloke mahīyate ||” kumbhadāne mantraḥ— “eṣa dharmaghaṭo datto brahmaviṣṇuśivātmakaḥ asya pradānāt tṛpyantu pitaro hi pitāmahāḥ gandhodakatilairmiśraṃ sānnaṃ kumbhaṃ sadakṣiṇam pitṛbhyaḥ sampradāsyāmi akṣayyamupatiṣṭhatu ||” iti etadasambhave govindārṇave viṣṇupurāṇe— “pānīyamapyatra tilairvimiśraṃ dadyāt pitṛbhyaḥ prayato manuṣyaḥ śrāddhaṃ kṛtaṃ tena samāḥ sahasraṃ rahasyametanmunayo vadanti ||” iti asyāṃ trilocanayātroktā kāśīkhaṇḍe— “rādhaśuklatṛtīyāyāṃ snātvā paillippile hṛde santarpayet pitṝn devān trilocanamathārcayet ||” iti iyameva paraśurāmajayantī | sā pradoṣavyāpinī grāhyā | taduktaṃ skānde— “vaiśākhasya site pakṣe tṛtīyāyāṃ punarvasau niśāyāṃ prathame yāme rāmākhyaḥ sa mahāhariḥ svoccagaiḥ sadgrahairyukte mithune rāhusaṃyute reṇukāyāstu yo garbhādavatīrṇo hariḥ svayam ||” iti dinadvaye tadvyāptau tūttarā | anyathā pūrvaiva | taduktaṃ bhaviṣye— “śuklā tṛtīyā vaiśākhe śuddhopoṣyā dinadvaye niśāyāṃ pūrvayāme ceduttarā'nyatra pūrvikā ||” iti dinadvaye niśāyāmityanvayaḥ | yadā vaiśākhe malamāsastadā yugādiprayuktaṃ kāryaṃ mala eva karttavyam, “daśaharāsu notkarṣaścaturṣvapi yugādiṣu |” iti ṛṣyaśṛṅgavacanāditi hemādryādayo vadanti | smṛticandrikāyāṃ viśeṣaḥ— “yaugādikaṃ māsikaṃ ca śrāddhaṃ cāparapakṣikam manvādikaṃ tairthikaṃ ca kuryānmāsadvaye'pi ca ||” iti āparapakṣikaṃ kṛṣṇapakṣasambhavaṃ na tu mahālayaśrāddham, ‘na kuryādbhānusaṅghitaḥ’ ityādinā tanniṣedhāt ### [2.p1.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.6) jyeṣṭhaśuklatṛtīyāyāṃ rambhāvratamuktaṃ mādhavīye bhaviṣye— “bhadre ! kuruṣva yatnena rambhākhyaṃ vratamuttamam jyeṣṭhaśuklatṛtīyāyāṃ snātā niyamatatparā ||” iti sā tatra pūrvaviddhā grāhyā, “bṛhattalpā tathā rambhā sāvitrī vaṭapaitrikī kṛṣṇāṣṭamī ca bhūtā ca kartavyā saṃmukhī tithiḥ ||” iti skāndāt | saṃmukhī sāyāhnavyāpinī pūrvaviddheti yāvat bhādrakṛṣṇatṛtīyāyāṃ viśālākṣīyātrā kāryā | rātrau jāgaraṇavidhānādiyaṃ rātrivyāpinī grāhyā | taduktaṃ kāśīkhaṇḍe— “bhādrakṛṣṇatṛtīyāyāmupavāsaparairnaraiḥ kṛtvā jāgaraṇaṃ rātrau viśālākṣīsamīpataḥ ||” iti iyameva kajjalī, “bhādrasya kajjalī kṛṣṇā śuklā ca haritālikā ||” iti divodāsodāhṛtavacanāt | bhādraśuklatṛtīyā haritālikā, pūrvoktavacanāt | iyaṃ muhūrtamātrāpi gaurīvratatvāt parayutā grāhyā, “muhūrtamātrasattve'pi dine gaurīvrataṃ pare ||” iti mādhavavacanāt | iyaṃ manvādiḥ, vakṣyamāṇavacanāt | āśvinakṛṣṇatṛtīyāyāṃ lalitādevyā yātroktā kāśīkhaṇḍe— “īśakṛṣṇatṛtīyāyāṃ lalitāṃ pratipūjya vai nārī vā puruṣo vāpi labhate vāñchitaṃ phalam ||” iti atra gaṇayuktā grāhyā, ‘rambhākhyāṃ varjayitvaikām’ iti pūrvamuktatvāt tṛtīyā bhaumena siddhā, budhena viruddhā | asyāṃ yoginyāgneyyām | iti tṛtīyā nirṇītā atha caturthī nirṇīyate | sā paraviddhā grāhyā, yugmavākyāt upavāse'pi paraiva, "ekādaśī tathā ṣaṣṭhī amāvāsyā caturthikā upoṣyāḥ parasaṃyuktāḥ parāḥ pūrveṇa saṃyutāḥ ||" iti mādhavīyavṛddhavasiṣṭhavākyāt | vināyakavrate tu tṛtīyāyutaiva | taduktaṃ madanaratne brahmavaivarte— "caturthī tu tṛtīyāyāṃ mahāpuṇyaphalapradā ### [2.p1.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.7) karttavyā vratibhirvatsa ! gaṇanāyasutoṣiṇī ||" iti caitraśuklacaturthī vighnanāśinī | tatra laḍ‌ḍukairgaṇeśaṃ pūjayedityuktaṃ nirṇayāmṛte devīpurāṇe caturthīprakaraṇe— "gaṇeśaṃ kārayetpūjāṃ laḍ‌ḍukādibhirādarāt caturthyāṃ vighnanāśāya sarvakāmārthasiddhaye ||" iti gaṇeśamiti ṣaṣṭhyarthe dvitīyā | jyeṣṭhaśuklacaturthyāṃ strībhiḥ saubhāgyavṛddhaye umā pūjyetyuktaṃ bhaviṣye— "jyeṣṭhaśuklacaturthyāṃ tu jātā pūrvamumā satī tasmātsā tatra sampūjyā strībhiḥ saubhāgyavṛddhaye ||" iti atra sāmānyanirṇayaḥ | śrāvaṇakṛṣṇacaturthī saṅkaṭacaturthītyucyate | taduktaṃ skānde— "śrāvaṇe bahule pakṣe. caturthyāṃ ca vidhūdaye tasmin dine vrataṃ kāryaṃ saṃkaṣṭākhyaṃ sureśvari ! ||" iti śrāvaṇo'trāmānto jñeyaḥ, cāndramāsasya mukhyatvāt | vidhuścandraḥ etasmādeva vacanādiyaṃ candrodayavyāpinī grāhyā | "dinadvaye candrodaye sattve'sattve vā mātṛviddhā praśasyate" iti vākyaśeṣāt pūrvaiva | bhādrakṛṣṇacaturthī bahulāvrate pūrvaiva, pañcamīyuktāniṣedhāt taduktaṃ madanaratne purāṇasamuccaye— "gauryāścaturthī vaṭadhenupūjā durgārcanaṃ durbharaholikā ca vatsasya pūjā śivarātriretāḥ parānvitā ghnanti nṛpaṃ sarāṣṭram ||" iti | atra dhenupūjeti bahulā caturthī gṛhyate | iyaṃ madhyadeśe prasiddhā | bhādraśuklacaturthī siddhivināyakavrate— "prātaḥ śuklatilaiḥ snātvā madhyāhne pūjayennṛpa" iti vacanāt | madhyāhnasya pūjākālatvāt madhyāhnavyāpinyeva grāhyā bṛhaspatirapi— "caturthī gaṇanāyasya mātṛviddhā praśasyate madhyāhnavyāpinī cetsyātparataścetpare'hani ||" iti ### [2.p1.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.8) "dinadvaye tadvyāptāvavyāptau vā mātṛviddhā praśasyate" iti vākyāt pūrvaiva | paredyureva yadā madhyāhnavyāpinī, tadā mātṛviddhatvaguṇābhāve'pi pradhānaprayojakānusāreṇa paraiva grāhyā, "mātṛviddhā praśastā syāccaturthī gaṇanāyake madhyāhnātparataścetsyānnāgaviddhā praśasyate ||” iti mādhavīyasmṛtyantarāt | yadobhayadine'pi vaiṣamyeṇa madhyāhnakadeśavyāpinī, tadā pūrvadine tanmahattvaṃ cet, saiva grāhyā | uttaradine tanmahattve kiṃ mahattvaguṇopetopādeyā ? kiṃ vā mātṛviddhatvaguṇopetā pūrvopādeyā ? iti saṃśaye pūrvaiveti pratīmaḥ, nyāyādvācanikasya mātṛviddhatvaguṇasya balīyastvāt | atra candradarśananiṣedhamāha parāśaraḥ— “kanyāditye caturthyāṃ tu śukle candrasya darśanam mithyābhidūṣaṇaṃ kuryādrātrau paśyenna taṃ sadā taddoṣaśāntaye siṃhaḥ prasenamivita vai paṭhet |” iti atra rātrigrahaṇād divā candradarśane na doṣa iti nirṇayāmṛtakārādayaḥ | yuktaṃ tu— “bhādre māsi site pakṣe caturthī svātiyoginī mithyābhiśāpaṃ kurute dṛṣṭacandrā na saṃśayaḥ ||” iti mārkaṇḍeyādivacanāntareṣu caturthīmātragrahaṇāddivāpi candro na draṣṭavya iti pratibhāti | pramādāccandradarśane taddoṣaśāntyarthaṃ prāṅmukha udaṅmukho vā paurāṇaṃ vākyaṃ paṭhet | tacca— “siṃhaḥ prasenamavadhīt siṃho jāmbavatā hataḥ sukumārakamārodīstava hyeṣa syamantakaḥ ||” iti iyaṃ bhaumenā'rkeṇa vā yuktā'tipraśastetyuktaṃ govindārṇave vārāhe— “bhādraśuklacaturthī yā bhaumenā'rkeṇa vā yutā mahatī sā'tra vighneśamarcitveṣṭaṃ labhennaraḥ ||” iti iyameva śivāravyetyuktaṃ bhaviṣye— ### [2.p1.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.9) "śivā śāntā sukhā rājan ! caturthī trividhā smṛtā māsi bhādrapade śuklā śivalokamapūjitā tasyāṃ snānaṃ tathā dānamupavāso japastathā kriyamāṇaṃ śataguṇaṃ prasādāddantino nṛpa ! ||" iti "caturthyā mārgaśīrṣe tu śuklapakṣe nṛpottama ! prārabhya pratimāsaṃ ca caturthyā gaṇanāyakam sampūjya vidhinā kuryādekabhaktaṃ samāhitaḥ akṣāralavaṇaṃ tvevaṃ pūrṇe saṃvatsare tataḥ dvitīye vatsare cā'tha naktaṃ prati caturthikām kuryād gaṇeśamabhyarcya tṛtīye'yācitaṃ tathā evameva prakurvīta caturthe syādupoṣaṇam tataścaturthe sampūro tadudyāpanamācaret idaṃ varacaturthyākhyaṃ vrataṃ sarvārthasādhakam ||" iti "dinārddhasamaye'tīte bhujyate niyamena yat ekabhaktamiti proktaṃ nyūnaṃ grāsatrayeṇa tu ||" iti "bhojanaṃ tu vidhiprāptaṃ dvātriṃśadgrāsasaṃmitam |" 'tad grāsatrayeṇa nyūnam'—ityantyapādenocyate | tenaikabhakte ekonatriṃśad grāsā iti phalito'rthaḥ | bhojane dvātriṃśadgrāsādiniyamastu matkṛtācārākè draṣṭavyaḥ | padmapurāṇe— "madhyāhnavyāpinī grāhyā ekabhaktavrate tithiḥ” | iti baudhāyano'pi— "udaye tūpavāsasya naktasyāstamaye tithiḥ madhyāhnavyāpinī grāhyā ekabhaktavrate tithiḥ ||” iti atra tredhā vibhaktasyāhno madhyamabhāgo madhyāhnaḥ, “pūrvāhṇe devā aśanamabhiharanti madhyandine manuṣyā aparāhṇe pitaraḥ” iti śruteḥ | tatrāpi dinārddhottaramavaśiṣṭaṃ madhyāhnabhāge kāryam, ‘dinārddhasamaye'tīte’ iti devalokteḥ | dinadvaye'pi madhyāhnavyāptāvekadeśasamavyāptau vā yugmavākyānnirṇayaḥ | ayañca nirṇayaḥ svatantraikabhaktaviṣayaḥ | anyavratāṅgabhūtamekabhaktaṃ tattithāveva ### [2.p1.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.10) bhavati | dvitīye naktamuktam, taccāharaśanaṃ varjayitvā rātrau bhoktavyamiti niyamasvarūpam | tatkālamāha vyāsaḥ— “trimuhūrtapradoṣaḥ syād bhānāvastaṃ gate sati naktaṃ tatra prakurvīta iti śāstrasya niścayaḥ ||” iti naktaśabdo bhojanaparaḥ | atra kecit— “catvārīmāni karmāṇi sandhyāyāṃ parivarjayet āhāraṃ maithunaṃ nidrāṃ svādhyāyaṃ ca caturthakam ||” iti vacanāt—“sāyaṃ sandhyā trighaṭikā hyastādupari bhāskaraḥ” iti skāndoktasandhyāyāṃ bhoja ṃ niṣiddha mityāhuḥ, tadaśuddham, sūryanakṣatravarjitakālarūpamukhyasaṃdhyākālatyāge mānābhāvāt tadāha yogiyājñavalkyaḥ— “ahorātrasya yaḥ sandhiḥ sūryanakṣatravarjitaḥ sā tu sandhyā samākhyātā ṛṣibhistattvadarśibhiḥ||” iti hemādrau smṛtyantare'pi— “nakṣatradarśanātsandhyā sāyaṃ tatatparataḥ sthitam tatparā rajanī yā tatra dharmān vivarjayet ||” iti astu vā ghaṭikātrayaṃ sandhyāpadavācyam | tathāpi tatra rāgaprāptaṃ bhoja ṃ niṣiddham, natu vaidham, vidhispṛṣṭe niṣedhānavakāśāt etena parvādirātrabhojananiṣedho'pi pratyuktaḥ vatsaḥ— “pradoṣavyāpinī grāhyā sadā naktavrate tithiḥ ekādaśīṃ vinā sarvā śukle kṛṣṇe viśeṣataḥ ||” iti harinaktavrate tūdayavyāpinī grāhyā | taduktaṃ mādhavīye skānde— “pradoṣavyāpinī grāhyā sadā naktavrate tithiḥ udayasthā sadā pūjyā harinaktavrate tithiḥ ||” iti yadā naktatithiḥ pūrvāṃ parayorahnaḥ pradoṣaṃ vyāpnoti, tadā parā grāhyā, “yadi syādubhayostithyoḥ” iti vakṣyamāṇajābālivacanāt | yadobhayatrāpi na pradoṣavyāpinī, tadāpi paraiva grāhyā parantu divaiva ātmacchāyādvaiguṇyakāle naktaṃ kāryaṃ na rātrau ### [2.p1.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.11) taduktaṃ skānde— yadā naktatithiḥ pūrvadine pradoṣe sampūrṇā, paradine tatra svalpā, tadāpi paraiva grāhyā; naktasya divārātrivratatvena divārātrispṛśi tattattithau karttavyatvāt saptamī bhānuvārādau sauranaktavrate tu sumantuḥ— bhojanakālaḥ kaurme— sauranaktaṃ bhaviṣyatpurāṇe darśitam— yatervidhavāyāśca divaiva naktamuktaṃ smṛtyantare— “naktaṃ niśāyāṃ kurvīta gṛhastho vidhisaṃyutaḥ yatiśca vidhavā caiva kuryāttu sadivākaram sadivākaraṃ tu tatproktamantime ghaṭikādvaye |” iti “haviṣyabhojanaṃ snānaṃ satyamāhāralāghavam agnikāryamadhaḥśayyāṃ naktabhojī ṣaḍācaret ||” “ekabhaktāyācitayoryā triṃśaddhaṭikāvadhiḥ sā tithiḥ sarvadā jñeyā nakte sāyāhnasaṃyutā ||” iti “māghe māse kṛṣṇapakṣe caturthyāṃ vratamuttamam pratimāsaṃ prakurvīta vrataṃ saṅkaṣṭanāśanam ||” iti māghakṛṣṇacaturthyāṃ vratārambhaṃ kṛtvā pratimāsaṃ kāryamityarthaḥ | iyaṃ candrodayavyāpinī grāhyā, “pūjā vidhūdaye kāryā sindūreṇa prapūjayet |” iti tatraivokteḥ | māghaḥ pūrvoktarītyā cāndro bodhyaḥ | māghaśuklacaturthī tilacaturthī | taduktaṃ kāśīkhaṇḍe— “māghaśuklacaturthyāntu naktavrataparāyaṇaḥ ye tvāṃ dhuṇḍe'rcayiṣyanti te'rcyāḥ syurasuradruhām vidhāya vārṣikīṃ yātrāṃ caturthī prāpya tāpasīm śuklān tilān guḍairbaddhā prāśnīyāllaḍḍu kān vratī |” iyaṃ pradoṣavyāpinī grāhyā, naktagrahaṇāt | tāpasīṃ māghīm iyameva kundacaturthītyuktaṃ devīpurāṇe— “māghamāse tu samprāpte caturthīkundasaṃjñitā sā tūpoṣyā suraśreṣṭha ! tato rājyaṃ bhaviṣyati ||” iti atha phālgunādicaturṣu māseṣu caturthīvratamuktaṃ vārāhapurāṇe— ### [2.p1.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.12) “atha vighnavrataṃ rājan ! kathayāmi śṛṇuṣva tat caturthyāṃ phālgune māsi gṛhītavyaṃ vrataṃ tvidam naktāhāreṇa rājendra ! tilānnaṃ pāraṇaṃ smṛtam tadaivāgnau ca hotavyaṃ taddeyaṃ brāhmaṇesu ca cāturmāsyavrataṃ caiva kṛtvaivaṃ pañcame tathā sauvarṇaṃ gajavaktraṃ tu kṛtvā viprāya dāpayet evaṃ kṛtvā vrataṃ caiva sarvavighnairvimucyate |” pūjādimantrastatraiva— “divyāya śūraṃāya gajānanāya lambodarāyaikadadābhidhāya nāgātmajādehasamudbhavāya kuṭhārahastāya namo varāya ||” anena mantreṇa pūjāṃ kṛtvā, svāhāntena tilān hutvā, brāhmaṇebhyo'pi datvā, svayamapi tadeva naktakāle'śnīyāt | ante sauvarṇī pratimāṃ sampūjya brāhmaṇāya dadyāt | atrāviśeṣād vratārambhe śuklacaturthī grāhyā | etāni vratānyapyaviśeṣāt ‘caturthī tu tṛtīyāyām’ iti sāmānyavākyāt tṛtīyāyuktacaturthyāṃ kāryāṇi | caturthī śanivāreṇa siddhā | guruvāreṇa viruddhā yoginyatra nairṛtyām | iti caturthī nirṇītā atha pañcamī nirṇīyate | sā tu caturthīyutaiva grāhyā, ‘yugmāgnīti’ vacanāt; “pañcamī tu tathā kāryā caturthīsaṃyutā vibho !” iti mādhavīye skāndavākyācca | atra hemādrimate kṛṣṇā pañcamī pūrvā, sitā parā, “kṛṣṇā pūrvayutā sitā parayutā syāt pañcamī” iti dīpikokteḥ | tadidaṃ hemādrimataṃ śithilam, “caturthīsaṃyutā kāryā pañcamī parayā na tu daive karmaṇi pitrye ca śuklapakṣe tathā'site ||” iti mādhavamadanaratnādisarvanibandhakāralikhitahārītavacanāt “pañcamī tu prakarttavyā ṣaṣṭhyā yuktā tu nārada |” iti brahmavaivartavacanaṃ tat— “skandopavāse svīkāryyā pañcamī parasaṃyutā ### [2.p1.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.13) trimuhūrttā tu ṣaṣṭhyāṃ syāt parā pūrvayutā'nyathā ||” iti tatraivoktatvātskandopavāsaviṣayam na ca yugmavacanaṃ ‘pañcamī tu tathā’ iti skāndavacanaṃ kṛṣṇapañcamīviṣayam, ‘pañcamī tu prakarttavyā’ iti tu śuklapañcamīviṣayam, “śuklapakṣe tithirgrāhyā yasyāmabhyudito raviḥ kṛṣṇapakṣe tithirgrāhyā yasyāmastamito raviḥ ||” iti mārkaṇḍeyavacanādevaṃ vyavasthākartavyeti vācyam ; hārītena pakṣadvaye'pi caturthīviddhāyā eva pañcamyāḥ samādiṣṭatvāt | upavāse tu skandopavāsapañcamī vyatiriktā sarvvāpi pañcamī pūrvaviddhaiva grāhyā, “pratipatpañcamī caiva upoṣyāḥ pūrvasaṃyutā |” iti jāvālivacanāt | upavāsastu sarvatithiṣu mādhavīye nāradīye darśitaḥ “śuklān vā yadi vā kṛṣṇān pratipatprabhṛtīṃstithīn upatargetopaṣyaiva baliṃ datvā vidhinetyapare dine brāhmaṇān bhojayitvā tu sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate |” iti caitraśuklapañcamyāṃ śrīpūjoktā hemādrau mātsye— “śuklāyāmatha pañcamyāṃ caitre māsi śubhānanā śrībrahmalokānmānuṣyaṃ samprāptā keśavājñayā tatastāṃ pūjayettatra yastaṃ lakṣmīrna muñcati |” iti iyaṃ kalpādirapi | kalpādyastu hemādrau mātsye— “vaiśākhasya tṛtīyā yā kṛṣṇā yā phālgunasya ca pañcamī caitramāsasya tasyaivāntyā tathā parā śuklā trayodaśī māghe kārtikasya tu saptamī navamī mārgaśīrṣasya saptaitāḥ saṃsmarāmyaham kalpānāmādayo hyetā dattasyākṣayakārakāḥ |” atrāviśeṣād yugādivannirṇayo jñeyaḥ | śrāvaṇaśuklapañcamī nāgapañcamī | sā paraviddhetyuktaṃ camatkāracintāmaṇau— “pañcamī nāgapūjāyāṃ kāryā ṣaṣṭhīsamanvitā tasyāṃ tu tuṣitā nāgā itarā sacaturthikā ||” iti ### [2.p1.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.14) pratāpamārtaṇḍe smṛtyantare'pi— “śrāvaṇe pañcamī śuklā samproktā nāgapañcamī tāṃ parityajya pañcamyaścaturthīsahitā vibho ! ||” iti atra tāṃ parityajya caturthīyuktā grāhyetyuktyā nāgapañcamyāścaturthīviddhāyā niṣedhāvagamāt trimuhūrtacaturthīyuktā nāgapañcamīvyatiriktā sarvā pañcamī pūrvā, paredyustrimuhūrtā nāgapañcamī parā, anyathā pūrvaiva | atra nāgapūjanamuktaṃ govindārṇave bhaviṣye— “śrāvaṇe māsi pañcamyāṃ śuklapakṣe narādhipa ! dvārasyobhayato lekhyā gomayena viṣolbaṇāḥ pūjayedvidhivad vīra ! dadhidūrvāṅkuraiḥ kuśaiḥ gandhapuṣpopahāraiśca brāhmaṇānāṃ ca tarpaṇaiḥ ye tasyāṃ pūjayantīha nāgān bhaktipurassarāḥ na teṣāṃ sarpato vīra ! bhayaṃ bhavati kutracit ||” iti asyāṃ nāgakuṇḍe snānamuktaṃ kāśīkhaṇḍe“yaḥ snāto nāgapañcamyāṃ kuṇḍe vāsukisaṃjñake na tasya viṣasaṃsargo bhavetsarpasamudbhavaḥ kartavyā nāgapañcamyāṃ yātrā varṣāsu tatra vai nāgāḥ prasannā jāyante kule tasyāpi sarvadā ||” iti bhādraśuklapañcamī ṛṣipañcamī | iyaṃ tvaviśeṣāt “pūjāvrateṣu sarveṣu madhyāhnavyāpinī tithiḥ” iti mādhavīye hārītoktermadhyāhnavyāpinī grāhyā | dinadvaye madhyāhnavyāptisattve'sattve vā sāmānyanirṇayāt pūrvā | atra ṛṣipūjanamuktaṃ brāhme“nabhasya śuklapakṣe tu yadā bhavati pañcamī nadyādike tadā snātvā kṛtvā niyamameva ca brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyāḥ śūdrā vāpi varānane ! kṛtvā naimittikaṃ karma gatvā nijagṛhaṃ punaḥ vediṃ samyak prakurvīta gomayenopalipya tām tatra sapta ṛṣīn divyān bhaktiyuktān (ktaḥ?) prapūjayet ||” ṛṣayaśca“kaśyapo'trirbharadvājo viśvāmitro'tha gautamaḥ ### [2.p1.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.15) jamadagnirvasiṣṭhaśca saptaite ṛṣayaḥ smṛtāḥ ||” iti āśvinaśuklapañcamyāmupāṅgalalitāvratam | tanmadhyāhnavyāpinyāṃ kāryam, 'pūjāvrateṣu sarveṣu' iti pūrvalikhitahārītavacanāt dinadvaye tadvyāptāvavyāptau vā yugmavākyāt pūrvā | asmin vrate pūjaiva pradhānam “matpūjanakaraṇḍasya prārthayasva pidhākanam tatpūjayannijagṛhe parāmṛddhimavāpsyasi ||” iti kathāntargatavacanāt | pūjāyāḥ phalasambandhāvagamād jāgaraṇādīnāṃ “phalavatsannidhāvaphalaṃ tadaṅgam” iti nyāyena tadaṅgatvaṃ bodhyam | ye tu— “bhuktvā jāgaraṇe naktacandrādyarghavrate tathā tārāvrateṣu sarveṣu rātriyogo viśiṣyate ||” iti hemādrilikhitavacanād atra rātrivyāpinī grāhyetyāhuḥ, tanna manoharam, asya vratasyoktajāgaraṇādivratebhyo'tiriktatvād, aṅgānurodhena pradhānakālanirṇayasya kāpyadṛṣṭatvācca | 'abhuktvā' iti tu vacanaṃ jāgaraṇapradhāne kojāgarādivrate sāvakāśamiti | atraivendrāṇyā saha kuśalamayaṃ nāgaṃ prapūjayedityuktaṃ nirṇayāmṛte bhaviṣye— “tathā cāśvayuje māsi pañcamyāṃ kurunandana ! kṛtvā kuśalamayaṃ nāgamindrāṇyā saha pūjayet ||” iti mārgaśuklā pañcamyapi nāgapañcamī | taduktaṃ hemādrau skānde— “śukle mārgaśire puṇyā śrāvaṇe yā ca pañcamī snānadānairbahuphalā nāgalokapradāyinī ||” iti iyaṃ ca ‘pañcamī nāgapūjāyāṃ kāryā ṣaṣṭhīsamanvitā’ iti pūrvoktacamatkāracintāmaṇivacanāt parayutā grāhyā māghaśuklapañcamī śrīpañcamī | tatra śrīpūjā kāryā | taduktaṃ hemādrau vārāhe— “māghaśuklacaturthyāṃ tu varamārādhya ca śriyaḥ pañcamyāṃ kundakusumaiḥ pūjāṃ kuryātsamuddhaye ||” iti ### [2.p1.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.16) atra madanaṃ sampūjya vasantotsavaḥ kāryaḥ | taduktaṃ nirṇayāmṛte purāṇasamuccaye— “māghamāse nṛpaśreṣṭha ! śuklāyāṃ pañcamītithau ratikābhau tu sampūjya kartavyaḥ sumahotsavaḥ dānāni ca pradeyāni tena tuṣyati mādhavaḥ |” pañcamī guruvāreṇa siddhā | śanivāreṇa viruddhā | yoginyatra dakṣiṇasyām | iti pañcamī nirṇītā atha ṣaṣṭhī nirṇīyate | sā skandavratātiriktā saptamīyutā kāryā taduktaṃ skānde— “nāgaviddhā na kartavyā ṣaṣṭhī caiva kadācana saptamīsaṃyutā kāryā ṣaṣṭhī dharmārthacintakaiḥ ||” iti pañcamyādivedhastatraiva— “nāgo dvādaśanāḍībhirddikpañcadaśabhistathā bhūto'ṣṭādaśanāḍībhirddṣayatyuttarāṃ tithim ||” iti nāgaḥ pañcamī | bhūtaścaturdaśī | dig daśamī | nāḍyo ghaṭikāḥ ayaṃ viśeṣavedha uttaratithiviṣayaḥ | sāmānyavihitastu trimuhūrtavedhaḥ pūrvatithiviṣayaḥ | taduktaṃ kaurme— “caturdaśī pañcamī ca tathā ca daśamī tithiḥ pūrvāṃ tithiṃ dūṣayanti tribhireva muhūrttakaiḥ ||” iti yadā tithikṣayavaśāduttaraviddhā na labhyate, tadā skandavratavad vratāntaramapi nāgaviddhāyāṃ kāryam | tadāha mādhavīye vasiṣṭhaḥ— “ekādaśī tṛtīyā ca ṣaṣṭhī caiva trayodaśī pūrvaviddhā tu karttavyā yadi na syātpare'hani ||” iti upavāse'pi paraiva, ‘ekādaśāṣṭamī’ iti pūrvodāhṛtavacanāt sāmānyataḥ sarvaṣaṣṭhyāṃ ravivārayoge lolārkayātrā kāryā “kṛtāni yāni pāpāni naraiḥ saṃvatsarādapi naśyanti kṣaṇatastāni ṣaṣṭhyarke loladarśanāt ||” iti kāśīkhaṇḍe uktatvāt | lolo lolārkaḥ āṣāḍhaśuklaṣaṣṭhī skandaṣaṣṭhī | sā pañcamīyutā kāryā, “kṛṣṇāṣṭamī skandaṣaṣṭhī śivarātriścaturdaśī ### [2.p1.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.17) etāḥ pūrvayutāḥ kāryāstithyante pāraṇaṃ bhavet ||” iti skāndāt | asyāṃ skandapūjoktā varāhapurāṇe— “āṣāḍhaśuklaṣaṣṭhī tu tithiḥ kaumārikā smṛtā kumāramarcayettatra pūrvatropoṣ‍ya vai dine ||” iti bhādrakṛṣṇaṣaṣṭhī rohiṇīvyatīpātabhaumavārairyuktā kapiletyucyate taduktaṃ samayamayūkhe varāhapurāṇe— “nabhasye kṛṣṇapakṣe yā rohiṇīpātabhūsutaiḥ yuktā ṣaṣṭhī purāṇajñaiḥ kapilā sā prakīrtitā vratopavāsaniyamairbhāskaraṃ tatra pūjayet kapilāṃ ca dvijāgryāya datvā yā kratuphalaṃ labhet ||” iti purāṇasamuccaye'pi— “bhādre māsyasite pakṣe bhānau caiva kare sthite pāte kuje ca rohiṇyāṃ sā ṣaṣṭhī kapilā bhavet saṃyoge tu caturṇāṃ tu nirdiṣṭā parameṣṭhinā |” iti bhādro'tra amāṃto bodhyaḥ, cāndramāsasya sarvakāryeṣu mukhyatvāt, pūrṇimāntabhādrakṛṣṇaṣaṣṭhyāṃ vyatīpātapātāsambhavācca | atra sūryasya hastasthitatvaṃ sati sambhave jñeyam, caturṇāmityupādānāt anyathā vacane pañcānāmityuktaṃ syāt | caturṣvapyekanyūnatve kapilaṣaṣṭhī na bhavati, caturṇāṃ saṃyoga ityukteḥ | iyameva candraṣaṣṭhītyuktaṃ bhaviṣye— “tadvadbhādrapade māsi ṣaṣṭhī pakṣe sitetare candraṣaṣṭhīvrataṃ kuryāt pūrvavedhaḥ praśasyate ||” iti iyaṃ candrodayavyāpinī grāhyā | halaṣaṣṭhyapīyam | sā saptamīyutā grāhyeti granthāntare | bhādraśuklaṣaṣṭhī sūryaṣaṣṭhī | asyāṃ bhāskarapūjanaṃ mahāphalam | taduktaṃ nirṇayāmṛte bhaviṣyottare— “śukle bhādrapade ṣaṣṭhayāṃ snānaṃ bhāskarapūjanam prāśanaṃ pañcagavyasya aśvamedhaphalapradam ||” iti asyāmeva dakṣiṇāpathasthakārttikeyadarśanaphalamuktaṃ tatraiva— _First 40 of 198 passages. [Read on](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka)_ ## Commentaries (1) - [Anukramaṇikā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka!vaidyanatha) — Vaidyanātha, Sanskrit, not yet digitised ## Part of - [Dharmaśāstrasudhānidhi](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.dana.dharmasastrasudhanidhi) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka) · Pramāṇa