[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Polity, Pleasure & Law](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti) › [Law and Social-Religious Duty](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma) › [Legal Digests](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha) › [Decisions and rulings](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya) › [Nirnayasindhu](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.nirnayasindhu) › 62.2 # Nirnayasindhu 62.2 Nirṇayasindhu 62.2 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [62.2.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.nirnayasindhu.62.2.1) vā taddinaṃ parivarjayet ||” eṣu vacaneṣu mūlaṃ cintyam || idaṃ māsikābdikaviṣayam darśādau tu vāntāvāmena tadaiva kāryam || “śrāddhavighne dvijātīnāmāāmaśrāddhaṃ prakīrtitam amāvāsyādiniyataṃ māsasaṃvatsarādṛte” iti marīcismṛteḥ śrāddhe piṇḍadānameva pradhānamiti karkācāryāḥ || tanmate dakṣokto homaeva nāvṝttiḥ viprabhojanamiti medhātithiḥ || bhojanaṃ piṇḍadānāmaukaraṇānīti kapardidhūrtasvāmihemādyādayaḥ | śrāddhasya homadānobhayarūpatvātsaṃpūrṇādānābhāvādbhojanasyāṅgatvepi somavamate iti yuktam || tanmate pūrvokto nirṇayaḥ || annatyāgamātraṃ pradhānam | bhojanaṃ tu pratipatcirūpamaṅgamato vāntau taddhānepi nāvṝttiriti gauḍamaithilādayaḥ || naimittikavidhānamiti yuktaṃ pratīmaḥ || atredaṃ tattvam || vaiśvadaivikasya vamane homa eva | nāvṝttiḥ aṅgatvāt || tacca rakṣārthatvāt dṛṣṭiśrāddhe ‘kratudakṣau' ityādismṛteśca || tatra jayān juhuyāditivat | pitāmahāderapi tathā | pitetyukteriti kecit | tasyāpi pradhānatvāt pitṛvaditi tu yuktam | sapiṇḍīkaraṇādau vārṣikavat “sapiṇḍīkaraṇādīni yāni śrāddhāni ṣoḍaśa tatra piṇḍapradhānatvaṃ pretatvavinivartakam” iti smṛteḥ || mahaikoddiṣṭādau tūbhayaprādhānyādāvṛttireva || 'eka eva dvijo bhojyaḥ piṇḍoṣyeko vidhīyate' iti smṛteḥ vṛddhisaṃkalpanityaśrāddhādau tu bhojanaprādhānyādvāntāvāvṛttireva | “vṛddhiśrāddhe vikalpena piṇḍadānaṃ budhaiḥ smṛtam | nityaśrāddhamadaivaṃ syātpiṇḍadānavivarjitam” iti smṛteḥ ### [62.2.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.nirnayasindhu.62.2.2) bhuktikriyāyāḥ prādhānyaṃ śrāddhe saṃkalpasaṃjñake | tatraiva pitṛviprasya tṛpaghāte punaḥkriyā” iti saṃgrahokteśca || maghādāvapyevam || tīrthamahālayādau darśavadityaparārkādyālocanena pratīmaḥ tatra tṛptipraśnaḥ āśvalāyanaḥ- 'tṛptān jñātvā madhumatīḥ śrāvayedakṣannamīmadaṃteti ca saṃpannaṃ pṛṣṭvā yadyadannamupabhuktaṃ tattatsthālīpākena saha piṇḍārthamuddhṛtya śeṣaṃ nivedayedabhimate'numate ca' iti || atra gāyatrī madhviti trikajapopi jñeyaḥ || 'tṛptān buddhvānnamādāya satilaṃ pūrvavajjapet' iti pracetasokteḥ || vyāsaḥ- 'tṛptāḥ stheti tu pṛṣṭāste brūyustṛptāḥ sma ityatha |' abhimate vipraiḥ svīkartumiṣṭe śaunakopi-'annaśeṣaiśca kiṃ kāryamiti pṛccheta tāṃstataḥ | te iṣṭaiḥ saha bhoktavyamiti pratyuktipūrvakam || pradadyuḥ sakalaṃ tasmai svīkuryurvā yathāruci ||” śrāddhaviśeṣe praśnabhedamāha hemādrau viṣṇuḥ-'pitrye svāditamiti goṣṭyā suśrutaṃ saṃpannamityabhyudaye daive rocate' iti || āyuṣyamiti svairiṣu svairamicchāśrāddham || yājñavalkyaḥ-“annamādāya tṛptāḥ stha śeṣaṃ caivānumānya ca | tadannaṃ vikiredbhūtau dadyādāpaḥ sakṛtsakṛt ||” idaṃ cātra vikiradānamanyaśākhinām | āśvalāyanānāṃ tu piṇḍānta eva sūtrakṛtoktam kātyāyanastu-‘vikirottaraṃ gāyatryādijapaṃ tṛptipraśnaṃ cāha’ hemādrau devalaḥ-“tataḥ sarvāśanaṃ pātre gṛhītvā vividhaṃ budhaḥ | teṣāmuccheṣaṇasthāne vikiraṃ bhuvi nikṣipet |” mādhavīye pracetāḥ-‘sārvavarṇikamādāya ye agnīti bhuvi kṣipet |’ sa ca kuśe kāryaḥ ### [62.2.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.nirnayasindhu.62.2.3) ‘darbheṣu vikiraśca yaḥ’ ityukteḥ || mantraḥ kātīyaḥ || agnidagdhāśca ye jīvā yepyadagdhāḥ kule mama | bhūmau dattena tṛpyantu tṛptā yāntu parāṃ gatim” iti || anye tu“asomapāśca ye devā yajñabhāgavivarjitāḥ | teṣāmannaṃ pradāsyāmi vikiraṃ vaiśvadevikam” iti hemādrau gobhiloktena daive || “asaṃskṛtapramītā ye tyāginyo yāḥ kulastriyaḥ dāsyāmi tebhyo vikiramannaṃ tābhyaśca paitṛkam” ityagnipurāṇoktena pitryennaṃ vikīrya ‘ye agnidagdhāḥ’ ityucchiṣṭapiṇḍaṃ kuśopari pṛthagdadyādityāhuḥ pṛthvīcandrodayepyevam || brāhme-‘tataḥ prakṣālya hastau ca dvirācamya hariṃ smaret ||’ mādhavīye gautamaḥ-‘vikiramucchiṣṭaiḥ pratipādayet ||’ hemādrau vyāsaḥ-‘ucchiṣṭaireva vikiraṃ sadaiva pratipādayet ||’ bhṛguḥ-‘piṇḍavatpratipattiḥ syādvikirasyeti taulvaliḥ ||’ śrāddhakārikāyāṃ-“yajamānasya dāsādīnuddiśya dvijasattama | tasmādannaṃ tyajedbhūmau vāmabhāgeṣu paitṛke ||” manuḥ-“uccheṣaṇaṃ bhūmigatamajihyasyāśaṭhasya ca | dāsavargasya tatpitrye bhāgadheyaṃ pracakṣate ||” viṣṇuḥ- 'udaṅmukheṣvācamanamādau dadyāt' tataḥ prāṅmukheṣu pitrye daive cetyarthaḥ śātātapaḥ-' viśvedevaniviṣṭānāṃ caramaṃ hastadhāvanam' || hemādrau vārāhe-hastaṃ prakṣālya yaścāpaḥ piveduktyā dvijaḥ sadā | tadannamasurairbhuktaṃ nirāśāḥ pitaro gatāḥ || marīciḥ-“ hastaṃ prakṣālya gaṇḍūṣaṃ yaḥ piveddvicakṣaṇaḥ| āsuraṃ tadbhavecchāddhaṃ pitṝṇāṃ nopatiṣṭhate ||” tatraiva saṃgrahe-“pavitragranthimutsṛjya maṇḍalaṃ bhuvi nikṣipet | hastādīn kṣālayedvidvān śarāvādau tu kutracit ||” vyāsaḥ-“tāmbūlodviraṇaṃ ### [62.2.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.nirnayasindhu.62.2.4) caiva gaṇḍūṣodviraṇaṃ tathā | kāṃsyapātre tathā tāmre na kurvīta kadācana || uṣṇodakairdhānyacūrṇaiḥ karau śmaśrūṇi śodhayet ||” piṇḍadānanirṇayaḥ atha piṇḍadānam || taccārcanottaramagraukaraṇottaraṃ bhojanottaraṃ vikirottaraṃ svadhāvācanottaraṃ vipravisarjanottaraṃ ceti hemādrau smṛtiṣu ca pakṣā uktāḥ || teṣāṃ śākhābhedena vyavasthā “pretaśrāddheṣu pūrvamanyeṣu bhojanottaram” iti candrikāmādhavau || sarvatra bhojanottarāmiti bahavaḥ || āśvalāyanaḥ- 'bhuktavatsvanācānteṣu piṇḍānnidadhyādācānteṣveke | bhuktavatsviti pūrvaniṣedhārtham | sāgniriti praṇītasamīpe anāgnirdvijasamīpe | hemādrau jātūkarṇyaḥ-'vyāmamātraṃ samutsṛjya piṇḍāṃstatra pradāpayet |' prasāritabhujāntaraṃ vyāmaḥ saṃkaṭe tu vyāsaḥ-'aratnimātramutsṛjya' iti || yattu tatraiva-'sikatābhirmṛdā vāpi vedī dakṣiṇanimnagā' iti | tadanyaśākhiparam | devalaḥ- 'tatastairabhyanujñāto dakṣiṇāṃ diśametya ca ||' candrikāyām- “piṇḍanirvvāpaṇaṃ kāryyaṃ kuśābhāve vicakṣaṇaiḥ | kāśeṣu rājadūrvāsu pavitre parame hite ||” āśvalāyanaḥ- 'sphyena rekhāmulikhet || apahatā asurā rakṣāṃsi vediṣada iti tāmabhyukṣya sakṛdācchinnairbarhiravastīrya prācīnāvītī rekhāṃ trirudakenopanayecchundhantāṃ pitaraḥ śundhantāṃ pitāmahāḥ śundhantāṃ prapitāmahā iti tasyāṃ piṇḍānnipṛṇīyātparācīnapāṇiḥ ### [62.2.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.nirnayasindhu.62.2.5) pitre pitāmahāya prapitāmahāyaitattesau ye ca tvāmatrānu' iti || hemādrau pāraskaraḥ'karābhyāmullikhet sphyena kuśairvāpi mahīṃ dvijaḥ ||' bahucānāṃ kareṇaiva lekhā cāgneyyabhimukheti vṛttiḥ || 'dakṣiṇāprācīṃ vedisudṛdhṛtya' ityāpastambokteśca || devalaḥ- “āvāhayitvā darbhāgraisteṣāṃ sthānāni kalpayet | teṣvāsaneṣu pātreṇa prayacchetsatilodakam ||” parācīnena nimnāpitṛtīrthena || vāyavīye-'madhusarpistilayutāṃstrīn piṇḍānnirvapedbudhaḥ ||' trisyalīsetau- “tilamannaṃ ca pānīyaṃ dhūpaṃ dīpaṃ payastathā | madhusarpiḥkhaṇḍayuktaṃ piṇḍamaṣṭāṅgamucyate ||” yājñavalkyaḥ- “sarvamannamupādāya satilaṃ dakṣiṇāmukhaḥ | ucchiṣṭasannidhau piṇḍāndadyādvai pitṛyajñavat ||” kecit piṇḍeṣu māṣān varjayanti || “māṣāḥ śrāddheṣu vai grāhyā varjyāścaivāgnipiṇḍayoḥ | brāhmaṇeṣu yathā madyaṃ tathā māṣo'gnipiṇḍayoḥ” iti smṛtisārāt || 'māṣān sarvatra vai dadyāt piṇḍe'gnau ca vivarjayet' iti smṛteśca atra mūlaṃ cintyam hemādrāvapi sarvaśabdasya prakṛtārthatvātsarvānnagrahaṇamuktam || atra śeṣamannamanujñāpya sarvamekatroddhṛtyocchiṣṭasamīpe darbheṣu trīṃstrīn piṇḍān dadyāt iti gobhilasūtre || 'sarvasmāt prakṛtādannātpiṇḍānmadhutilānvitān' iti ca || śeṣaniyamāttadabhāve piṇḍanivṛttiḥ prāpnotīti maithilavācaspatī || tanna || tuṣopavāpavat paramayuktadravyatvepyarthakarmatvādaṃgānurodhena pradhānatyāgācca śeṣalopepi dravyāntareṇa kāryam||ato neyaṃ pratipattiḥ kiṃ tu pradhānamityuktaṃ prāk || anyathā sapiṇḍīkaraṇādau saṃyojanādeḥ pradhānasya lopāpatteriti dik atha piṇḍapramāṇam ### [62.2.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.nirnayasindhu.62.2.6) hemādrāvaṅgirāḥ- “kapitthabilvamātrānvā piṇḍān dadyādvidhānataḥ | kukkuṭāṇḍapramā ṇānvāmalakairbadaraiḥ pumān ||” iti || tatraiva dhūmraḥ-“kapitthasya pramāṇena piṇḍān dadyātsamāhitaḥ | tatsamaṃ vikiraṃ dadyāt piṇḍānte tu ṣaḍaṃgulaiḥ ||” antyeṣṭipaddhatau bhaṭṭāstu-“ekoddiṣṭe sapiṇḍe tu kapitthaṃ tu vidhīyate | nārikelapramāṇaṃ tu pratyabde māsike tathā || tīrthe darśa ca saṃprāpte kukkuṭāṇḍapramāṇataḥ | mahālaye gayāśrāddhe kuryādāmalakopamam ## Linked texts (10) - [Agnipurāṇa (Nag Publishers edition, Delhi)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.agni*nag.115.10) — Sanskrit - [Āśvalāyanaśrautasūtra (ed. Rāmanārāyaṇa Vidyāratna, Calcutta)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.srauta.asvalayana*vidyaratna.0-20.6) — Sanskrit - [Āśvalāyanagṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.asvalayana.4.7-26) — Āśvalāyana, Sanskrit - [Matsyapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.matsya.17.53) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Smṛticandrikā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.smrticandrika.18.p3) — Devaṇṇabhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Bhagavantabhāskara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.bhagavantabhaskara.45.p82) — Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita 1625, Sanskrit - [Kālasāra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.astro.muhurta.kala.kalasara.18.p164) — Nārāyaṇa Jyotirvit, Sanskrit - [Kālasāra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.kalasara.18.p164) — Gadādhara (Pāraskara commentator), Sanskrit - [Śrāddhadīpa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.sraddha.sraddhadipa.8.540) — Divyasiṃha Mahāpātra 1640, Sanskrit - [Śrāddhamañjarī (Bāpūbhaṭṭa Kelakāra)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.sraddha.sraddhamanjari.4.1.p1.9) — Bāpūbhaṭṭa Kelakāra 1785, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.nirnayasindhu.62.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.nirnayasindhu.62.2) · Pramāṇa