[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Polity, Pleasure & Law](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti) › [Law and Social-Religious Duty](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma) › [Smṛtis known from quotations](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta) › [Jātūkarṇya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya) › [The law-book of Jātūkarṇya — fragments](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments) › 1 # Jatukarnya 1: Uddhṛtāni vacanāni Jātūkarṇyasmṛti (fragments) 1 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### Uddhṛtāni vacanāni ### [1.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.1) dvādaśa pratimāsyāni ādyaṃ ṣāṇmāsike tathā | traipakṣikābdike ceti śrāddhāny etāni ṣoḍaśa > The twelve monthly \[rites\], the first \[rite\], likewise the two six-monthly \[rites\], / the three-fortnight \[rite\], and the annual \[rite\]: these are the sixteen śrāddhas. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > The twelve monthly ones, the first, the two six-monthly, the three-fortnight and the yearly: these are the sixteen śrāddhas. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.2) ūrdhvaṃ tripakṣād yac chrāddhaṃ mṛtāhany eva tad bhavet | adhas tat kārayed dhīmān āhitāgner dvijanmanaḥ > A śrāddha that is beyond three fortnights must occur on the very day of death; / below that, the wise man should have it performed \[earlier\] for a twice-born who has consecrated the sacred fires. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > A śrāddha after three fortnights is to be on the day of death; a wise man should have it done before (that) for a twice-born man who kept the fires. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.3) paridhānād bahiḥ kakṣā nibaddhā hy āsurī matā | sā ca karmaṇi vidvadbhir varjanīyā prayatnataḥ > Tucking the hem outside the lower garment is considered demonic; / and in ritual acts, it must be carefully avoided by the wise. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > A loin-cloth tucked in outside the lower garment is held to be demonic; the learned should carefully avoid it in a rite. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.4) anupetas tu yo bālo madyaṃ mohāt piben yadi | tasya kṛcchratrayaṃ kuryān mātā bhrātā tathā pitā > If an uninitiated boy should drink liquor through delusion, / his mother, brother, or father should perform three kṛcchra penances for him. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > If an uninitiated boy drinks liquor by mistake, his mother, brother or father should perform three Kṛcchras for him. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.5) ākāṅkṣanti sma pitaraḥ pañcamaṃ pakṣam āśritāḥ | tasmāt tatraiva dātavyaṃ dattam anyatra niṣphalam > The ancestors long for \[food\] waiting for the fifth fortnight; / therefore, offering must be given precisely then; what is given at another time is fruitless. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > The ancestors long (for offerings) in the fifth fortnight (from Āṣāḍha); therefore one should give then; what is given elsewhere is fruitless. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.6) pitari proṣite yasya na vārtā naiva cāgatiḥ | ūrdhvaṃ pañcadaśād varṣāt kṛtvā tatpratirūpakam || kuryāt tasya ca saṃskāraṃ yathoktavidhinā tataḥ > When a father is abroad and there is neither news nor return, / after fifteen years, having made an effigy of him, / one should then perform his funeral rites according to the prescribed rule. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > If one's father has gone abroad and there is no news and no return, after fifteen years he should make an effigy of him and perform his funeral rites by the prescribed rule. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.7) pātrāṇy uccālayec chrāddhe svayaṃ śiṣyo 'thavā sutaḥ | na strībhir na ca bālena nāsajātyā kathaṃcana > In a śrāddha, oneself, a disciple, or a son should remove the vessels; / never by women, nor by a child, nor under any circumstances by one not of the same caste. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > At a śrāddha the vessels are to be removed by (the performer) himself, a pupil or a son; never by women, a child or one of another class. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.8) sūtake tu samutpanne smārtaṃ karma kathaṃ bhavet | piṇḍayajñaṃ caruṃ homam asagotreṇa kārayet > When birth-impurity has arisen, how should a Smārta rite be \[done\]? / One should have the piṇḍayajña, the oblation (caru), and the fire-offering performed by a person not belonging to the same gotra. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > When birth-impurity occurs, how is the smārta rite to be done? He should have the rice-ball sacrifice, the pot of rice and the oblation performed by one of another gotra. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.9) dvitīye vā tṛtīye vā māsi puṃsavanaṃ bhavet | vyakte garbhe bhavet kāryaṃ sīmantena sahātha vā > The puṃsavana should take place in the second or third month; / \[or\] it should be performed when the pregnancy becomes visible, or together with the sīmanta. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > The rite for a male child is in the second or third month; or it may be done when the pregnancy is evident, or together with the parting of the hair. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.10) ahny eva tu bhoktavyaṃ kṛte śrāddhe dvijanmabhiḥ | anyathā hy āsuraṃ śrāddhaṃ parapāke ca sevite > Twice-born men must eat during the daytime alone when a śrāddha has been performed; / for otherwise the śrāddha becomes demonic, as it does when another's cooked food is consumed. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > When the śrāddha has been performed, the twice-born must eat (its remains) that same day; otherwise the śrāddha becomes demonic, and also if another's cooking is eaten. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.11) pitṛvyabhrātṛmātṝṇām aputrāṇāṃ tathaiva ca | mātāmahasyāsutasya śrāddhādi pitṛvad bhavet > For sonless paternal uncles, brothers, and mothers as well, / and for a sonless maternal grandfather, the śrāddha and other rites should be performed like those for a father. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > For sonless paternal uncles, brothers and mothers, and for a sonless maternal grandfather, the śrāddha and the rest are to be as for one's father. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.12) utkrāntyādīni dānāni daśa dadyān mṛtasya tu | gobhūmitilahiraṇyājyavāsodhānyaguḍāni ca || raupyaṃ lavaṇam ity āhur daśa dānāny anukramāt > One should give the ten gifts, beginning with the departure \[of life\], for the deceased: / a cow, land, sesame, gold, clarified butter, cloth, grain, and jaggery, / silver, and salt—these are said to be the ten gifts in order. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > For a dying man one should give the ten gifts beginning with that at the departure: a cow, land, sesame, gold, ghee, clothes, grain, molasses, silver and salt — these they call the ten gifts in order. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.13) kāṣāyaṃ kṛṣṇavastraṃ vā malinaṃ keśadūṣitam | chinnāgraṃ copavastraṃ vā kutsitaṃ dharmakarmaṇi > A reddish-brown or black garment, or one that is soiled, defiled with hair, / or an upper cloth with frayed edges, is condemned in a righteous act. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > A reddish-brown or black garment, a dirty one, one defiled by hair, an upper garment with torn edges: these are condemned in religious rites. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.14) vāpīkūpataḍāgādi devatāyatanāni ca | annapradānam ārāmaḥ pūrtam ity abhidhīyate > Stepped wells, wells, reservoirs and the like, temples, / the distribution of food, and a garden: this is designated as pūrta. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > Ponds, wells, tanks and the like, temples, the gift of food and gardens are called pūrta (works of public merit). > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.15) arvāk sapiṇḍīkaraṇāt kuryāc chrāddhāni ṣoḍaśa > Prior to the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, one should perform the sixteen śrāddhas. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > Before the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa one should perform the sixteen śrāddhas. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1.16) śaṅkhaṃ prāhur amāvāsyāṃ kṣīṇasomāṃ dvijottamāḥ | aṣṭakā ca bhavet padmaṃ tatra dattaṃ tathākṣayam > Best of the twice-born call the new-moon day when the moon is waned "śaṅkha"; / and the aṣṭakā is a "padma"; what is given then is imperishable. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) > The best of the twice-born call the new moon, when the moon has waned, a 'conch' (treasure), and the aṣṭakā a 'lotus'; what is given then is likewise imperishable. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ## Translations (2) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments~en-mt.1.1) — English, machine translation - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya~en-mt.1.1) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (21) - [Mitākṣarā (Ṛjumitākṣarā)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.yajnavalkya!mitaksara.1.10.211) — Vijñāneśvara, Sanskrit - [Vīramitrodaya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.viramitrodaya.208) — Mitramiśra 1610, Sanskrit - [Ācāra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.acara) - [Mahānibandha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha) - [Nirṇayasindhu](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.nirnayasindhu.73.p13.1) — Kamalākarabhaṭṭa 1612, Sanskrit - [Bhagavantabhāskara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.bhagavantabhaskara.47.p10) — Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita 1625, Sanskrit - [Smṛticandrikā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.smrticandrika.7.p26) — Devaṇṇabhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Anūpavilāsa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.anupavilasa.16.275) — Maṇirāma 1665, Sanskrit - [Gadādharapaddhati](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.gadadharapaddhati.14.p32) — Gadādhara Rājaguru 1725, Sanskrit - [Śūdrakamalākara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.jati.sudrakamalakara.39.1-8) — Kamalākarabhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Madanapārijāta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.madanaparijata.10.p5.9) — Viśveśvarabhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Cakranārāyaṇīyanibandha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.cakranarayaniyanibandha.1.p233.1) — Viśvambharatrivedin 1600, Sanskrit - [Jayasīṃhakalpadruma](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.jayasimhakalpadruma.5.p29) — Ratnākara 1688, Sanskrit - [Kālasāra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.kalasara.13.p25) — Gadādhara (Pāraskara commentator), Sanskrit - [Parāśaramādhavīya (Vidvanmanoharā)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.parasara!madhava.p210) — Mādhava, Sanskrit - [Kṛtyasārasamuccaya (Amṛtanātha Jhā Śarman)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.krtya.krtyasarasamuccaya.2.p228) — Amṛtanātha Jhā Śarman 1800, Sanskrit - [Śūdradharmatattva](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.acara.sudradharma.sudradharmatattva.4.1-21) — Kamalākarabhaṭṭa 1591, Sanskrit - [Āhnikacandrikā (Divākarabhaṭṭa)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.acara.ahnika.ahnikacandrika-divakara.9.1-4.3) — Divākarabhaṭṭa 1658, Sanskrit - [Śrāddhacandrikā (Divākarabhaṭṭa)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.sraddha.sraddhacandrika.2.p205) — Divākarabhaṭṭa 1655, Sanskrit - [Saṃskārabhāskara (Siddheśvara)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.samskara.samskarabhaskara-siddhesvara.1.p45.110) — Siddheśvara 1630, Sanskrit - [Tithyarka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.tithi.tithyarka.2.p1.34) — Divākarabhaṭṭa 1658, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments.1) · Pramāṇa