English (machine translation)

Language: English
Extent: 16 passages, 426 words
Text: complete digital text
Source: pramana-mt · Machine translation by Gemini 3.8 Flash (2026-10-21) of in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.jatukarnya*fragments · Machine output without human authorship: no copyright is claimed (CC0 1.0). The original text keeps its own…

1 — 16 parts

Text

1.1

The twelve monthly [rites], the first [rite], likewise the two six-monthly [rites], / the three-fortnight [rite], and the annual [rite]: these are the sixteen śrāddhas.

1.2

A śrāddha that is beyond three fortnights must occur on the very day of death; / below that, the wise man should have it performed [earlier] for a twice-born who has consecrated the sacred fires.

1.3

Tucking the hem outside the lower garment is considered demonic; / and in ritual acts, it must be carefully avoided by the wise.

1.4

If an uninitiated boy should drink liquor through delusion, / his mother, brother, or father should perform three kṛcchra penances for him.

1.5

The ancestors long for [food] waiting for the fifth fortnight; / therefore, offering must be given precisely then; what is given at another time is fruitless.

1.6

When a father is abroad and there is neither news nor return, / after fifteen years, having made an effigy of him, / one should then perform his funeral rites according to the prescribed rule.

1.7

In a śrāddha, oneself, a disciple, or a son should remove the vessels; / never by women, nor by a child, nor under any circumstances by one not of the same caste.

1.8

When birth-impurity has arisen, how should a Smārta rite be [done]? / One should have the piṇḍayajña, the oblation (caru), and the fire-offering performed by a person not belonging to the same gotra.

1.9

The puṃsavana should take place in the second or third month; / [or] it should be performed when the pregnancy becomes visible, or together with the sīmanta.

1.10

Twice-born men must eat during the daytime alone when a śrāddha has been performed; / for otherwise the śrāddha becomes demonic, as it does when another's cooked food is consumed.

1.11

For sonless paternal uncles, brothers, and mothers as well, / and for a sonless maternal grandfather, the śrāddha and other rites should be performed like those for a father.

One should give the ten gifts, beginning with the departure [of life], for the deceased: / a cow, land, sesame, gold, clarified butter, cloth, grain, and jaggery, / silver, and salt—these are said to be the ten gifts in order.

1.13

A reddish-brown or black garment, or one that is soiled, defiled with hair, / or an upper cloth with frayed edges, is condemned in a righteous act.

1.14

Stepped wells, wells, reservoirs and the like, temples, / the distribution of food, and a garden: this is designated as pūrta.

1.15

Prior to the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, one should perform the sixteen śrāddhas.

1.16

Best of the twice-born call the new-moon day when the moon is waned "śaṅkha"; / and the aṣṭakā is a "padma"; what is given then is imperishable.