[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Polity, Pleasure & Law](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti) › [Law and Social-Religious Duty](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma) › [Vaishnava Dharmashastra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.visnu) › 32.18 # Vaishnava Dharmashastra 32.18 Vaiṣṇava Dharmaśāstra 32.18 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [32.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.visnu.32.18) viprāṇāṃ jñānato jyaiṣṭhyaṃ kṣatriyāṇāṃ tu vīryataḥ vaiśyānāṃ dhānyadhanataḥ śūdrāṇām eva janmataḥ // > The seniority of Brâhmanas is founded upon sacred knowledge; of Kshatriyas, upon valour in arms; of Vaisyas, upon grain and (other) wealth; of Sûdras, upon (priority of) birth. > — Julius Jolly 1880, The Institutes of Vishnu - [Previous: 32.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.visnu.32.17) - [Next: 33.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.visnu.33.1) - [Up: 32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.visnu.32) ## Translations (1) - [The Institutes of Vishnu](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.visnu~en-jolly.32.18) — Julius Jolly 1880, English ## Linked texts (3) - [Vulgate (Nīlakaṇṭha's text)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.mahabharata.vyasa*vulgate.2.38.18) — Sanskrit - [Mānava Dharmaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.manu.2.155) — Manu & Bhṛgu, Sanskrit - [Kṛtyakalpataru](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.krtyakalpataru.2.p41) — Lakṣmīdhara Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.visnu.32.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.visnu.32.18) · Pramāṇa