Garudapurana 1.159

The glorious Garuḍa Purāṇa—159. / Dhanvantari said: / I shall declare to you the diagnosis of urinary disorders (pramehas); listen, Suśruta! / There are twenty urinary disorders: ten from phlegm, [six] from pitta,

six, and four from wind; and they carry fat, urine, and phlegm. / One suffering from hāridrameha [passes] pungent feces resembling turmeric;

in māñjiṣṭhameha, [the urine] smells raw and resembles madder water; / smelling raw, hot, salty, and blood-like in raktameha;

in vasāmeha, one urinates frequently [urine] mixed with marrow or resembling fat; / in majjāmeha, repeatedly resembling bone marrow or mixed with bone marrow;

like an elephant in rut, without an urge, constantly, / accompanied by lymph and obstructed, the patient with hastimeha urinates.

In madhumeha, [the urine] is like honey; it is said to arise in two ways: / when vāyu is aggravated by the depletion of bodily tissues, or when its path is obstructed by a doṣa.

When obstructed, it exhibits the symptoms of that doṣa without an obvious cause; / depleted in a moment, filled in a moment, it is considered difficult to cure.

When neglected over time, all urinary disorders become madhumeha. / Whatever is sweet among urinary disorders, one generally urinates like honey;

all of them are called madhumeha because of the sweetness of the body. / Indigestion, loss of appetite, vomiting, excessive sleep, cough, and chronic rhinitis—

these complications arise in urinary disorders born of phlegm. / Pricking pain in the bladder and penis, splitting of the scrotum, fever,

burning sensation, thirst, acid regurgitation, fainting, loose bowels [arise] in those born of pitta. / In those born of wind, upward movement of wind, trembling, cardiac spasm, restlessness,

acute pain, sleeplessness, wasting, dyspnea, and cough arise. / Śarāvikā, kacchapikā, jvālinī, vinatā, alajī,

masūrikā, sarṣapikā, putriṇī, vidārikā, / and vidradhi: these are the ten carbuncles due to neglect of urinary disorders.

Their manifestation is generally due to the adherence of phlegm to food: / sweet, sour, salty, unctuous, heavy, slimy, cold,

new grain, liquor, soup, meat, sugarcane, jaggery, milk products, / sitting in one place, lying down, and lack of exercise.

Vitiated kapha, resorting to the bladder, produces urinary disorders, / having corrupted the body's moisture, sweat, fat, marrow, and flesh.

When kapha and the rest are severely depleted, pitta [vitiates] blood; wind, resorting to urine / and bringing the tissues to the bladder, [acts] upon their depletion.

Thus the urinary disorders arise therefrom, being curable or incurable by consideration; / they are formed equally when the doṣas are equal, yet owing to predominance [they differ].

The general characteristic of them is copious and turbid urination. / Even without a distinction among the doṣas and susceptible bodily components, by their special combination,

the division among urinary disorders is conceived by the differences in the color of the urine and the like. / Clear, abundant, white, cold, odorless, water-like,

one urinates in udakameha, somewhat turbid and slimy; / like sugarcane juice, and exceedingly sweet in ikṣumeha;

it becomes dense after standing in sāndrameha; / in surāmeha, it resembles liquor, clear on top and dense below;

with hair standing on end, one with piṣṭameha [urinates urine] thick and white like flour; / one with śukrameha passes urine resembling semen or mixed with semen;

in sikatāmeha, one urinates gravel-like impurities; / in śītameha, very often, sweet, and intensely cold;

in śanairmeha, one urinates very slowly and gently; / in lālāmeha, the urine has threads of saliva and is slimy;

in kṣārameha, it resembles alkaline water in smell, color, taste, and touch; / in nīlameha, it has a blue hue; in kālameha, it resembles ink.

They appear in joints, vital spots, and fleshy locations: / elevated at the edges, depressed in the middle, free of discharge, and accompanied by great pain,

having the size and form of a saucer, such a carbuncle is śarāvikā; / burning and shaped like a tortoise, kacchapikā is known by the wise;

a large, dark carbuncle is known as vinatā; / jvālinī burns the skin upon erupting and causes intense torment;

alajī is red and white, covered with blisters, and terrible; / masūrikā is to be known as having the shape of a lentil;

sarṣapikā resembles a mustard seed, with inflammation of the tongue and severe pain; / putriṇī is known as a large carbuncle [covered with] small, very minute eruptions;

vidārikā is round like a vidārī tuber and hard; / and that which is endowed with the characteristics of an abscess is to be recognized as vidradhikā.

Putriṇī and vidārī are difficult to endure and occur in those with abundant fat; / the others, predominant in pitta, arise suddenly in those with little fat.

These carbuncles appear according to the respective excitation of the doṣas; / they arise even without urinary disorders in one whose fat is vitiated.

And they are not noticed as long as color is devoid [of anomaly], / whether turmeric-colored or red, devoid of the premonitory symptoms of urinary disorders.

[The urinary affliction in which] one urinates that [blood] is known as raktapitta. / Sweating, a bodily odor, flaccidity in the limbs, attachment to the comforts of bed, seat, and sleep, / a burning sensation in the heart, eyes, tongue, and ears, thickness and fierceness [of skin], excessive growth of hair and nails,

fondness for cold things, dryness of the throat and palate, sweetness in the mouth, and burning in the hands and feet / are the prodromal symptoms of the forthcoming group of urinary disorders (meha), and even into the urine the ants run.

Thirst in urinary disorder is sweet and slimy; in honey-urine disease (diabetes mellitus) there may be various disorders. / Or it may arise from kapha due to over-nourishment, or from wind when the humors are depleted.

The urinary disorders of kapha and pitta with fully developed symptoms arise in due course indeed from sexual indulgence; / those caused by pitta become incurable or only palliable; the urinary disorder is curable if destiny does not [forbid it].

Thus ends the one hundred and fifty-ninth chapter, entitled 'Diagnosis of Urinary Disorders', in the Ācārakāṇḍa of the first section of the glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa.