[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Purāṇas](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana) › [Garudapurana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda) › 1.205 # Garudapurana 1.205 Garuḍapurāṇa 1.205 - **Language:** Sanskrit ## Contents - [1.205.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.26) — 1 part ### [1.205.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.1) śrīgaruḍamahāpurāṇam- 205 kumāra uvāca / atha vyākaraṇaṃ vakṣye kātyāyana samāsataḥ / siddhaśabdavivekāya bālavyutpattihetave // > Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa, chapter 205. > Kumāra said: > Now I shall explain grammar in brief, O Kātyāyana, / for discerning correct words, as a cause for awakening understanding in the young. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.2) suptiṅantaṃ padaṃ khyātaṃ supaḥ sapta vibhaktayaḥ / svaujasaḥ prathamā proktā sā prātipadikātmake // > A word is known as ending in sup or tiṅ; sup has seven case-endings. / Su, au, jas are called the first \[nominative\]; it occurs in the sense of the nominal base, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.3) sambodhane ca liṅgādāvukte karmaṇi kartari / arthavatprātipadikaṃ dhātupratyayavarjitam // > in the vocative, in gender and so forth, and when the object or the agent is expressed. / A nominal base is that which is meaningful and devoid of verbal roots and affixes. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.4) amauśaso dvitīyā syāttatkarma kriyate ca yat / dvitīyā karmaṇi proktāntarāntareṇa saṃyute // > Am, auṭ, śas are the second \[accusative\]; and the object is that which is performed. / The second is taught in \[the sense of\] the object, and when conjoined with antarā or antareṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.5) ṭābhyāṃbhisastṛtīyā syātkaraṇe kartarīritā / yena kriyate karaṇaṃ tatkartā yaḥ karoti saḥ // > Ṭā, bhyām, bhis are the third \[instrumental\], taught for the instrument and the agent. / That by which \[an act\] is done is the instrument; the agent is he who acts. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.6) ṅebhyāṃbhyasaścaturtho syātsampradāne ca kārake / yasmai ditsā dhārayate rocate sampradānakam // > Ṅe, bhyām, bhyas are the fourth \[dative\], in the case-relation of the recipient; / toward whom there is a desire to give, who owes, or who is pleased, is the recipient. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.7) pañcamī syānṅasibhyāṃbhyohyapādāne ca kārake / yato 'paiti samādatte upādatte bhayaṃ yataḥ // > Ṅasi, bhyām, bhyas are the fifth \[ablative\], in the case-relation of the point of departure: / from which something departs, from which one takes, receives, or from which there is fear. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.8) ṅasosāmaśca ṣaṣṭhī syātsvāmisambandhamukhyake / ṅayoḥ supo vai saptamī syātsā cādhikaraṇe bhavet // > Ṅas, os, ām are the sixth \[genitive\], primarily in the relationship of owner \[and owned\]. / Ṅi, os, sup are indeed the seventh \[locative\], and it occurs in \[the sense of\] the locus. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.9) ādhāraścādhikaraṇaṃ rakṣārthānāṃ prayogataḥ / īpsitaṃ cānīpsitaṃ yattadapādānakaṃ smṛtam // > And the locus is the substrate. By the usage of \[verbs meaning\] protecting, / that which is desired and that which is undesired is remembered as the point of departure. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.10) pañcamī paryupāṅyoge itararte 'nyadiṅmukhe / enayoge dvitīyā syātkarmapravacanīyakaiḥ // > The fifth occurs in connection with pari, apa, āṅ, itara, ṛte, anya, and words denoting direction. / In connection with ena, the second occurs, and with karmapravacanīyas. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.11) vīpsetthambhāvacihne 'bhirbhāgenaiva paripratī / anureṣu sahārthe ca hīne 'nūpaśca kathyate // > Abhi is \[used\] in the sense of pervasion, a particular state, or a sign; pari and prati in the sense of a portion; / anu in these and in the sense of association; and anu and upa are spoken of in the sense of inferiority. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.12) dvitīyā ca caturtho syācceṣṭāyāṃ gatikarmaṇi / aprāṇe hi vibhaktī dbe manyakarmaṇyanādare // > The second and fourth occur for the object of motion when physical action is meant, / if inanimate. Two case-endings occur for the object of \[the verb\] man when contempt is shown. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.13) namaḥ svastisvadhāsvāhālaṃvaṣaḍyoga īritā / caturtho caiva tādarthye tumarthādbhāvavācinaḥ // > The fourth is stated in conjunction with namaḥ, svasti, svadhā, svāhā, alam, and vaṣaṭ; / and also in the sense of 'for the sake of that', from a word expressing an abstract noun with the sense of the infinitive \[-tum\]. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.14) tṛtīyā sahayoge syātkutsiteṅge viśeṣaṇe / kāle bhāve saptamī syādetairyoge 'piṣaṣṭhyati // > The third occurs in connection with saha, for a defective limb, and for a qualifying characteristic. / The seventh occurs in \[the sense of\] time and condition, and the sixth also in connection with these. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.15) svāmīśvarādhipatibhiḥ sākṣidāyādaprasūtaiḥ / nirdhāraṇe dve vibhakto ṣaṣṭhī hetuprayogake // > With \[words such as\] svāmin, īśvara, adhipati, sākṣin, dāyāda, and prasūta. / In selection \[from a group\], two cases \[genitive and locative\] occur; the sixth is used when a cause is expressed. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.16) smṛtyarthakarmaṇi tathā karoteḥ pratiyatnake / hiṃsārthānāṃ prayoge ca kṛti karmaṇi kartari // > Likewise for the object of verbs of remembering, in the effort of the verb kṛ, / in the usage of words meaning injury, and with primary noun affixes (kṛt) for the object and the agent. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.17) na kartṛkarmaṇoḥ ṣaṣṭhī niṣṭhayoḥ prātipadike / dvividhaṃ prātipadikaṃ nāma dhātustathaiva ca // > The sixth does not apply to the agent and the object with the two niṣṭhā affixes, \[nor\] in the nominal base. / The nominal base is of two kinds: the noun and likewise the verbal root. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.18) bhūvāndibhyastiṅo laḥ syāllakārā daśa vai smṛtāḥ / tiptasūjhi prathamo madhyaḥ sipthasthottamapūruṣaḥ // > After verbal roots beginning with bhū, tiṅ replaces l; ten lakāras are remembered. / Tip, tas, jhi are the third person; the middle \[second person\] is sip, thas, tha; the first person > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.19) mibvasmastu parasmai hi padānāṃ cātmanepadam / tātāñjha prathamo madhya sthāsāthāndhvamathottamaḥ // > is mip, vas, mas for parasmaipada; and for the ātmanepada verbs: / ta, ātām, jha are the third person; the middle is thās, āthām, dhvam; and the first person > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.20) ādeśā iḍbahimahi dhātutotha ṇijādivat / nāmni prayujyamāne 'pi prathamaḥ puruṣo bhavet // > are the substitutes iṭ, vahi, mahi from the root, and then after affixes such as ṇic. / Even when a noun is being employed, the third person is used. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.21) madhyamo yuṣmadi prokta uttamaḥ puruṣo 'smadi / bhūvādyā dhātavaḥ proktāḥ sanādyantāstathā tataḥ // > The second person is taught with yuṣmad; the first person is with asmad. / The roots are said to begin with bhū, and then end with san and so forth. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.22) laḍīrito vartamāne smenātīte ca dhātutaḥ / bhūte 'nadyatane laṅvā loḍādyāśiṣi dhātutaḥ // > Laṭ is taught in the present, and with sma in the past, after a verbal root. / In the non-recent past is laṅ; or loṭ in benediction, after a verbal root. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.23) vidhyādāvevānumato loḍvācyo mantraṇe bhavet / nimantraṇādhīṣṭasaṃpraśre prārthaneṣu tathāśiṣi // > Loṭ is approved in injunction and the like; it is to be expressed in deliberation, / invitation, direction, inquiry, request, and likewise benediction. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.24) liṅatīte parokṣe syālliḍ bhūte ḷḍ bhaviṣyati / syādanadyatane tadvadbhaviṣyati tu dhātutaḥ // > Liṅ is used in the past unperceived; liṭ is in the past; lṛṭ is in the future. / It occurs similarly in the non-recent \[past, namely luṅ\], but in the future \[lṛṭ\] from a verbal root. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.25) dātorḷṅ kriyātipattau liṅarthe leṭ prakīrtitaḥ / kṛtastriṣvapi vartante bhāve karmaṇi kartari // > Lṛṅ is from a root when an action fails to materialize; leṭ is proclaimed in the sense of liṅ. / The primary suffixes (kṛt) operate in all three: in the abstract action, the object, and the agent. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.26) sadṛśāstavyatā ṇyadyadanīyāśca tṛjādayaḥ // > Similar are tavyat, anīyar, ṇyat, yat, and affixes beginning with tṛc. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.205.26.p1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205.26.p1) iti śrīgāruḍe mahāpurāṇe pūrvakhaṇḍe prathamāṃśākhye ācārakāṇḍe vyākaraṇanirūpaṇaṃ nāma pañcottaradviśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ > Thus ends the two hundred and fifth chapter, entitled 'Exposition of Grammar', in the section on conduct, within the first part of the first section of the glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda~en-mt.1.205.1) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [Nāradapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.narada.1.52.2) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.205) · Pramāṇa