[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Purāṇas](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana) › [Garudapurana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda) › 1.49 # Garudapurana 1.49 Garuḍapurāṇa 1.49 - **Language:** Sanskrit ## Contents - [1.49.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.40) — 1 part ### [1.49.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.1) śrīgaruḍamahāpurāṇam- 49 iti pratiṣṭhāprakaraṇaṃ samāptam / brahmovāca / sargādikṛddhariścaiva pūjyaḥ svāyambhuvādibhiḥ / viprādyaiḥ svena dharmeṇa taddharmaṃ vyāsa ! vai śṛṇu // > The glorious and great Garuḍa Purāṇa — 49. > Thus ends the section on installation. > Brahmā said: > Hari, the creator of the creation and all else, is to be worshiped by Svāyambhuva and others, / and by brāhmaṇas and the rest according to their own dharma; hear that dharma, O Vyāsa! > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.2) yajanaṃ yājanaṃ dānaṃ brāhmaṇasya pratigrahaḥ / adhyāpanaṃ cādhyayanaṃ ṣaṭ karmāṇidvijottame // > Performing sacrifices and officiating at sacrifices, giving gifts and accepting gifts, / teaching and studying: these are the six duties of the highest of the twice-born. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.3) dānamadhyayanaṃ yajño dharmaḥ kṣattriyavaiśyayoḥ / daṇḍastasya kṛṣirvaiśyasya śasyate // > Giving gifts, studying, and sacrifice are the dharma of the kṣatriya and the vaiśya; / the staff \[of punishment is commended for the former, and\] agriculture is commended for the vaiśya. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.4) śuśrūṣaiva dvijātīnāṃ śūdrāṇāṃ dharmasādhanam / kārukarma tathā'jīvo pākayajño 'pi dharmataḥ // > Service to the twice-born is the means of dharma for śūdras; / artisanship is likewise a livelihood, and also the domestic sacrifice, according to dharma. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.5) bhikṣācaryātha śuśrūṣā guroḥ svādhyāya eva ca / sandhyākarmāgnikāryañca dharmo 'yaṃ brahmacāriṇaḥ // > Begging for alms, serving the guru, study of the Veda, / performing the twilight rites, and tending the sacred fire: this is the dharma of the celibate student. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.6) sarveṣāmāśramāṇāṃ ca dvaividhyaṃ tu caturvidham / brahmacāryupakurvāṇo naiṣṭhiko brahmatatparaḥ // > All the stages of life are twofold, forming a fourfold \[division\]: / the celibate student is either the temporary student or the lifelong student devoted to Brahman. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.7) yo 'dhītya vidhivadvedān gṛhasthāśramamāvrajet / upakurvāṇako jñeyo naiṣṭhiko maraṇāntikaḥ // > One who, having studied the Vedas according to rule, enters the householder stage of life / is to be known as the temporary student; the lifelong student continues until death. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.8) agnayo 'tithiśuśrūṣā yajño dānaṃ surārcanam / gṛhasthasya samāsena dharmo 'yaṃ dvijasattama ! // > Tending the sacred fires, honoring guests, sacrifice, giving gifts, and worshiping gods: / this, in brief, is the dharma of the householder, O best of the twice-born! > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.9) udāsīnaḥ sādhakaśca gṛhastho dvividho bhavet / kuṭumbabharaṇe yuktaḥ sādhako 'sau gṛhī bhavet // > The householder is of two kinds: the indifferent and the practicing; / he who is engaged in maintaining his family is the practicing householder. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.10) ṛṇāni trīṇyapākṛtya tyaktvā bhāryādhanādikam / ekākī yastu vicaredudāsīnaḥ sa maukṣikaḥ // > He who, having discharged the three debts and abandoned his wife, wealth, and the rest, / wanders alone is the indifferent one, intent on liberation. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.11) bhūmau mūlaphalāśitvaṃ svādhyāyastapa eva ca / saṃvibhāgo yathānyāyaṃ dharmo 'yaṃ vanavāsinaḥ // > Sleeping on the ground, eating roots and fruits, study of the Veda, austerity, / and proper sharing according to rule: this is the dharma of the forest dweller. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.12) tapastapyati yo 'raṇye yajeddevāñjuhoti ca / svādhyāye caiva nirato vanasthastāpasottamaḥ // > He who practices austerities in the forest, worships the gods, offers oblations, / and is constantly devoted to study of the Veda is the forest dweller, the best of ascetics. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.13) tapasā karśito 'tyarthaṃ yastu dhyānaparo bhavet / sanyāsī sa hi vijñeyo vānaprasthāśrame sthitaḥ // > He who, utterly emaciated by austerity, is solely devoted to meditation / is indeed to be known as an ascetic established in the hermit stage of life. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.14) yogābhyāsarato nityamārurukṣurjitendriyaḥ / jñānāya vartate bhukṣuḥ procyate pārameṣṭhikaḥ // > Always devoted to the practice of yoga, aspiring to ascend, with subdued senses, / the mendicant who strives for knowledge is called the supreme mendicant. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.15) yastvātmaratireva syānnityatṛpto mahāmuniḥ / samyak ca damasampannaḥ sa yogī bhikṣurucyate // > He who delights only in the Self, is perpetually contented, a great sage / endowed with complete self-restraint, that yogin is called a mendicant. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.16) bhaikṣyaṃ śrutaṃ ca maunitvaṃ tapo dhyānaṃ viśeṣataḥ / samyak ca jñānavairāgyaṃ dharmo 'yaṃ bhikṣuke mataḥ // > Living on alms, sacred learning, silence, austerity, meditation in particular, / and thorough knowledge and dispassion: this is held to be the dharma of a mendicant. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.17) jñānasanyāsinaḥ kecidvedasanyāsino 'pare / karmasanyāsinaḥ kecittrividhaḥ pārameṣṭhikaḥ // > Some are renouncers through knowledge, others are renouncers of the Vedas, / and some are renouncers of ritual action; thus the supreme mendicant is threefold. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.18) yogī ca trividho jñeyo bhautikaḥ kṣattra evaca / tṛtīyo 'ntyāśramī prokto yogamūrtiṃsamāsthitaḥ // > The yogin is also to be known as threefold: the elemental, the warrior, / and the third is declared to belong to the final stage of life, having attained the form of yoga. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.19) prathamā bhāvanā pūrve mokṣe tvakṣa(duṣka) rabhāvanā / tṛtīye cāntimā proktā bhāvanā pārameśvarī // > The first contemplation is in the former, but the difficult contemplation is in liberation; / and in the third, the contemplation of the Supreme Lord is declared to be the final one. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.20) dharmātsaṃjāyate mokṣo hyarthātkāmo 'bhijāyate / pravṛttiśca nivṛttiśca dvividhaṃ karma vaidikam // > From dharma arises liberation; indeed, from wealth arises pleasure; / Vedic action is twofold: active engagement and renunciation. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.21) jñānaṃ pūrvaṃ nivṛttaṃ syātpravṛttaṃ cāgnidevakṛt / kṣamā damo dayā dānamalobhā (bho) bhyāsa eva ca // > Renunciation is preceded by knowledge, and active engagement is performance for the fire and the gods; / patience, self-restraint, compassion, charity, freedom from greed, continuous practice, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.22) ārjavaṃ cānsūyā ca tīrthānusaraṇaṃ tathā / satyaṃ saṃtoṣa āstikyaṃ tathā cendriyanigrahaḥ // > straightforwardness, freedom from envy, visiting pilgrimage places, / truthfulness, contentment, belief in the sacred, and restraint of the senses, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.23) devatābhyarcanaṃ pūjā brāhmaṇānāṃ viśeṣataḥ / ahiṃsā priyavāditvamapaiśunyamarūkṣatā // > worship of the deities, worship of brāhmaṇas in particular, / non-violence, gentle speech, freedom from slander, and lack of harshness: > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.24) ete āśramikā dharmāścaturvarṇyaṃ bavīmyataḥ / prājāpatyaṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ smṛtaṃ sthānaṃ kriyāvatām // > these are the duties of the stages of life. I speak next of the four castes: / the realm of Prajāpati is remembered as the destination for brāhmaṇas who perform their rites. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.25) sthānamaindraṃ kṣattriyāṇāṃ saṃgrāmeṣvapalāyinām / vaiśyānāṃ mārutaṃ sthānaṃ svadharamamanuvartatām // > The realm of Indra is for kṣatriyas who do not flee in battle; / the realm of the Maruts is for vaiśyas who follow their own dharma. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.26) gāndharvaṃ śūdrajātīnāṃ paricāre ca vartatām / aṣṭāśītisahasrāṇāmṛṣīṇāmūrdhvaretasām // > The realm of the Gandharvas is for the śūdra castes who are engaged in service. / The realm that is remembered for the eighty-eight thousand chaste sages, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.27) smṛtaṃ teṣāṃ tu yatsthānaṃ tadeva vana (guru) vāsinām / saptarṣīṇāṃ tu yatsthānaṃ sthānaṃ tadvai vanaukasām // > that very realm belongs to those who reside with the guru; / and the realm of the Seven Sages is indeed the realm of the forest dwellers. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.28) yatīnāṃ yatacittānāṃ nyāsināmūrdhvaretasām / ānandaṃ brahma tatsthānaṃ yasmānnāvartate muniḥ // > For ascetics of controlled mind, renouncers who are chaste, / the bliss of Brahman is that realm from which a sage does not return. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.29) yogināmamṛtasthānaṃ vyomākhyaṃ paramākṣaram / ānandamaiśvaraṃ yasmānmukto nāvartate naraḥ // > For yogins, the immortal realm is called the ether, the supreme imperishable; / it is the divine bliss from which a liberated person does not return. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.30) muktiraṣṭāṅgavijñānātsaṃkṣepāttadvade śṛṇu / yamāḥ pañca tvahiṃsādyā ahiṃsā prāṇyahiṃsanam // > Liberation comes from knowledge of the eight limbs \[of yoga\]; hear it as I speak it in brief: / the restraints are five, beginning with non-violence; non-violence is not harming living beings. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.31) satyaṃ bhūtahitaṃ vākyamasteyaṃ svāgrahaṃ param / amaithunaṃ brahmacaryaṃ sarvatyāgo 'parigrahaḥ // > Truth is speech beneficial to beings; non-stealing is not grasping what belongs to another; / celibacy is non-intercourse; non-possession is renouncing everything. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.32) niyamāḥ pañca satyādyā bāhmamābhyantaraṃ dvidhā / śaucaṃ tuṣṭiśca santoṣastapaścondriyanigrahaḥ // > The observances are five, beginning with purity, twofold as external and internal; / cleanliness, contentment, satisfaction, austerity, and restraint of the senses, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.33) svādhyāyaḥ syānmantrajāpaḥ praṇidhānaṃ hareryajiḥ / āsanaṃ padmakādyuktaṃ prāṇāyāmo marujjayaḥ // > sacred study is the recitation of mantras; surrender is worship of Hari; / posture is declared as the lotus posture and the like; breath control is the mastery of the vital breath. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.34) mantradhyāna to garbho viparīto hyagarbhakaḥ / evaṃ dvidhā tridhāpyuktaṃ puraṇātpūrakaḥ sa ca // > With meditation on a mantra, it is "with seed"; the opposite is "without seed"; / thus it is spoken of as twofold, and also threefold: through inhalation, it is the inhale. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.35) kumbhako niścalatvācca recanādrecakastridhā / laghurdvādaśamātraḥ syāccaturviṃśatikaḥ paraḥ // > And retention (kumbhaka) from motionlessness, and exhalation (recaka) from expelling; it is threefold. / The mild consists of twelve measures (mātrā), the intermediate of twenty-four, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.36) ṣaṭtriṃśanmātrikaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ pratyāhāraśca rodhanam / brahmātmacintā dhyānaṃ syāddhāraṇā manaso dhṛtiḥ // > And the superior consists of thirty-six measures; and sensory withdrawal (pratyāhāra) is restraining \[the senses\]. / Meditation (dhyāna) is reflection on Brahman as the self; concentration (dhāraṇā) is steadiness of mind. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.37) ahaṃ brahmetyavasthānaṃ samādhirbrahmaṇaḥ sthitiḥ / ahamātmā paraṃ brahma satyaṃ jñānamanantakam // > Abiding in the thought 'I am Brahman' is absorption (samādhi), abiding in Brahman. / 'I am the self, the supreme Brahman, truth, knowledge, infinite, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.38) brahma vijñānamānandaḥ sa tattvamasi kevalam / ahaṃ brahmāsmyahaṃ brahma aśarīramānindriyam // > Brahman, consciousness, bliss; He is "That thou art", absolute; / I am Brahman; I am Brahman, bodiless, senseless, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.39) ahaṃmanobuddhimahadahaṅkārādivarjitam / jāgratsvapnasuṣuptyādiyuktajyotistadīyakam // > Devoid of ego, mind, intellect, the cosmic intellect (mahat), and individuation (ahaṅkāra), / Having the light associated with waking, dream, deep sleep, and the rest, belonging to Him, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.40) nityaṃ śuddhaṃ buddhamuktaṃ satyamānandamadvayam / yo 'sāvādityapuruṣaḥ so 'sāvahamakhaṇḍitam / iti dhyāyanvimucyet brāhmaṇo bhavabandhanāt // > Eternal, pure, awakened, liberated, real, blissful, non-dual; / That person who is in the sun, that am I, undivided.' / Meditating thus, a brāhmaṇa is freed from the bonds of mundane existence. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.49.40.p1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49.40.p1) iti śrīgāruḍe mahāpurāṇe pūrvakhaṇḍe prathamāṃśākhye ācārakāṇḍe varṇāśramadharmanirūpaṇaṃ nāmaikonapañcāśattamodhyāyaḥ > Thus ends the forty-ninth chapter, entitled "Exposition of the Duties of Castes and Life-stages," in the Ācārakāṇḍa of the first section called Pūrvakhaṇḍa in the glorious Garuḍa Purāṇa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda~en-mt.1.49.1) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (4) - [Kūrmapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.kurma.1.2.36) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Brahmāṇḍapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.brahmanda.1.7.167) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Yogasārasaṅgraha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.yoga.yogasarasangraha.p38) — Vijñānabhikṣu 1550, Sanskrit - [Śūdrācāraśiromaṇi](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.acara.sudradharma.sudracarasiromani.1.p49) — Kṛṣṇaśeṣa 1520, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda.1.49) · Pramāṇa