Garudapurana 3.5

Śrī Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa [chapter] 5: / Into such a principle of mahat, Hari Himself entered along with Lakṣmī, / O fortunate one, and Hari indeed agitated it.

From that arose the principle of ahaṃkāra, consisting of knowledge, substance, and action. / In the origination of ahaṅkāra, one part is considered in tamas.

Rajas exceeds that ten times, and exceeding that ten times, O lord, / is sattva—so it is declared by the virtuous; ahaṃkāra is considered to consist of this.

The presiding deity of the principle of ahaṃkāra in the beginning was Śeṣa; / and after a thousand years, those two, Garuḍa and Rudra, were born, O twice-born one.

Into this principle of ahaṃkāra, O bird, imperishable Hari entered; / the Blessed Lord Hari Himself agitated it along with Lakṣmī.

Ahaṃkāra became threefold: vaikārika, tāmasa, and taijasa; / Rudra also became threefold, since he is their controller.

Rudra abiding in the vaikārika is considered vaikārika; / Rudra abiding in the tāmasa is declared to be tāmasa.

Rudra abiding in the taijasa is known in the world as taijasa. / Having entered the taijasa principle of ahaṃkāra along with Lakṣmī,

Hari Himself agitated it, and then it became tenfold: / ear, eye, touch, taste, and smell,

speech, hand, foot, anus, and genitals are considered the ten. / Having entered the vaikārika principle of ahaṃkāra, Hari agitated it.

From the principle of mahat and so forth, in the beginning, these deities of the senses / were of eleven kinds in proper order, O Lord of Birds.

The presiding deity of the mind in the beginning was Vāruṇī; / and after her, Sauparṇī, and Gauḥ and Umā likewise.

Subsequent to Śeṣa, after ten years, their / origination took place; this is to be known in proper sequence, O Lord of Birds.

Two other deities presiding over the mind were born, Indra and Kāma; / O Tārkṣya, they are to be known as immediately subsequent, both in liberation and in saṃsāra.

Then there was the deity of the skin; he was proclaimed as Ahaṃkārika. / After that, the deities of the hand were born, O best of birds:

Śacī, Rati, Aniruddha, and the Svāyambhuva Manu, / Bṛhaspati, and Dakṣa—these are considered the deities of the hand.

After Dakṣa, there was born [the wind] named Pravāha, O egg-born one; / he alone is also called Ativāha; impelled by the Self, he carries [all things] along.

He is to be known as coming after the hand, not considered equal to Śacī and the others. / Then arose, O fortunate one, the deities of the sense of sight:

Śatarūpā the wife of the Svāyambhuva Manu, Yama, / the Moon, and the Sun: these four are the presiding deities of the sense of sight.

The Moon is likewise to be known as the presiding deity of hearing, O Lord of Birds. / Varuṇa, the deity of the sense of the tongue, arose immediately after the Sun.

Following Varuṇa, there arose the presiding deities of the organ of speech: / Prasūti the wife of Dakṣa, Bhṛgu, and Agni likewise.

Right there, these great-souled ones are the controllers of the organ of speech; / those who are called Kravyāda and the rest are the controllers of the lower principles.

Such statement is made because of their equality, not because of their presiding over principles. / After that, O king of birds, the presiding deities of the genitals came into being:

Viśvāmitra, Vasiṣṭha, Atri, Marīci, Pulaha, Kratu, / Pulastya, and Aṅgiras, and likewise the Vaivasvata Manu;

the Manus and others in endless numbers are declared to be the deities of the genitals. / After that, O king of birds, the presiding deities of the anus were born:

Mitra, one among the twelve Ādityas; Tārā, beloved of the Guru; / Nirṛti, regent of the southwest quarter; and the beloved of Pravaha.

These four, O chief of birds, are the presiding deities of the principle of wind; / all of them were born presiding over smell, O best of the twice-born.

Viṣvaksena, the two sons of Vāyu, the two Aśvins, and likewise Gaṇapa,
the Lord of Wealth, the seven Vasus, and Agni is spoken of as the eighth;

hear the names of the true ones: Droṇa, Prāṇa, and Dhruva,
Doṣa in Arka, and Vaska, and the seventh is Vibhāvasu.

Likewise, ten Rudras are to be known; the root Rudra is remembered as Bhava.
Hear the ten names of Rudra, O best of the twice-born:

Raivanteya, and Bhīma, Vāmadeva, Vṛṣākapi,
Ajaikapād, Ahirbudhnya, Bahurūpa, and Mahān;

these are declared to be the ten Rudras. Hear of the six Ādityas, O twice-born:
Urukrama, and Śakra, Vivasvān, and Varuṇa,

Parjanya, and Atibāhu—these were declared before, O best of the twice-born.
Excluding Parjanya, only five are declared, without doubt.

And Parjanya is said to be equal to Gaṅgā, O King of Birds;
Savitṛ, Aryaman, Dhātṛ, Pūṣan, Tvaṣṭṛ, and Bhaga.

And forty-seven Mahats are proclaimed;
two are declared [foremost], thus to be known: Pravaha and Ativaha.

So also the Viśvedevas are to be known as ten kinds, O King of Birds.
Hear their names: the two named Purūravas and Ārdrava,

the two named Dhūri and Locana, the two named Kratu and Dakṣa,
the two named Satya and Vasu, and the two named Kāma and Kālaka;

thus the Viśvedevas are proclaimed to be known as ten kinds.
Likewise the host of Ṛbhus is mentioned, and also the three Fathers;

Heaven and Earth are to be known, and these eighty-six
gods all arose as presiding deities over the nose.

And Gaṇapa is well declared as the presiding deity of space.
He is to be known by the knowers of the true nature of things as the presiding deity over both.

Except for Viṣvaksena, all the attendants of Viṣṇu beginning with Jaya
became equal or lesser immediately after Viṣvaksena.

These also are subordinate regulators of the nose;
therefore they are proclaimed to be inferior to the presiding deities of the elements.

The presiding deity of the element of touch is declared to be Apāna;
the presiding deity of form was born, the great one named Vyāna, O Lord.

Udāna consists of taste, and Samāna is named smell;
and the four Maruts are proclaimed as the lords of waters.

I shall speak of those born immediately after Jaya and the others, O King of Birds:
first-born before Pradhāna, Pāvaka is declared;

and the son of the great sage Bhṛgu is declared as Cyavana;
and the son of Bṛhaspati is proclaimed as Utathya;

Raivata and Cākṣuṣa, and Svārociṣa is remembered,
Uttama, Brahma-sāvarṇi, and Rudra-sāvarṇi,

Deva-sāvarṇi, Sāvarṇi, and Indra-sāvarṇi,
and likewise Dakṣa-sāvarṇi and Dharma-sāvarṇi;

in this way the Manus are proclaimed to be of eleven kinds;
and the group of seven of the Fathers, and the others, were born, O bird.

Hear, O twice-born, of those born immediately thereafter, inferior to them:
Gaṅgā, the wife of Varuṇa; Vibhāvasu named Parjanya;

Śyāmalā, the wife of Yama; Virāj, the beloved of Aniruddha;
she who presides over the universe, well spoken of by the name Uṣā;

Rohiṇī is called the wife of Candra; and the wife of Sūrya is Saṃjñā;
these six beginning with Gaṅgā were born, O son of Vinatā.

Immediately after Gaṅgā and the others was born Svāhā, the deity of mantras;
the wife of Agni named Svāhā is heard to be lower than Gaṅgā and the others.

The one born immediately after Svāhā is to be known as the one named Budha, the embodiment of knowledge;
Budha, the son of Candra, is remembered as lower than Svāhā.

Likewise, after Budha, she named Uṣā was born, O bird;
she named Uṣā is proclaimed as the presiding deity, the wife of the Aśvins;

she is to be known as lower than Budha, no doubt should be entertained here.
Then Śanaiścara was born, renowned as the embodiment of the earth;

he is to be known as lower than Uṣā; then Puṣkara was born;
Śanaiścara is spoken of as presiding over actions.

Having thus created the gods who preside over the elements, Hari himself,
that lord of gods, entered into the elements together with Ramā.

Thus ends the fifth chapter, titled "Description of the Hierarchy and Origin of the Presiding Deities of the Elements," in the Brahmakāṇḍa of the third part of the glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa.