Matsya Purana 222: adhyāyaḥ 222

222.1

rājadharmavarṇane sāmaprayogavarṇanam.

Manu said:—"Lord! be gracious to explain to me the policies of Sâma, etc, along with their characteristic and applications.—1

222.2

manuruvāca.
upāyāṃstvaṃ samācakṣva sāmapūrvān mahādyute!.
lakṣaṇañca tathā teṣāṃ prayogañca surottama!.. 222.1 ..

222.3

matsya uvāca.
sāmabhedastathā dānadaṇḍañca manujeśvara!.
upekṣā ca tathā māyā indrajālañca pārthiva! .. 222.2 ..

Matsya said:—A sovereign should resort to the following seven policies or expedients at the time of necessity, viz., (1) Sâma (2) Bheda, (3) Dâna, (4) Daṇḍa, (5) Upekṣâ, (6) Mâyâ, (7) Indrajâla Sâma is of two kinds, viz:—Satyasâma and Asatyas ma.—2-3

222.4

prayogāḥ kathitāḥ sapta tanme nigadataḥ śrṛṇu.
dvividhaṃ kathitaṃ sāma tathyañcātathyameva ca .. 222.3 ..

222.5

tatrāpyatathyaṃ sādhunāmākrośāyaiva jāyate.
tatra sādhuḥ prayatnena sāmasādhyo narottama! .. 222.4 ..

The policy of Asatyasîma should never be employed in the case of the righteous and the saints for they can only be won over by Satyasama. If Asatyasâma be applied to them, then bitter and aggressive feelings are aroused virtuous and true and self restrained saintlike sovereigns of high pedigree should be endeared by praising their lineage and by relating to them their deeds of virtue to make a good impression on them never should Atathyasâma be applied to them.—4 7

222.6

mahākulīnā ṛjavo dharmanityā jitendriyāḥ.
sāmasādhyā na cātathyanteṣu sāma prayojayet .. 222.5 ..

222.7

tathyaṃ sāma ca kartavyaṃ kulaśīlādi varṇanam.
tathā tadupacārāṇāṃ kṛtānāñcaiva varṇanam.. 222.6 ..

The following is the rule:—Tathyasâma is to be applied in the following manner:—narration of the high pedigree and description of the deeds done for one's benefit and acknowledging one's gratitude, etc. Thus the religious persons are brought under subjection Though it is heard that Rakṣasas are brought over by the use of Sâma, yet it be remembered that it should never be applied in the case of the wicked For no benefits will be derived thereby The policy of conciliation wins all, but it should never be employed in the case of the wicked for they look upon a conciliatory sovereign as one afraid of them Therefore it should never be applied in the case of wicked persons.—8 9

222.8

anayaiva tathā yuktyā kṛtajñākhyāpanaṃ svakam.
evaṃ sāmnā ca kartavyā vaśagā dharmatatparāḥ .. 222.7 ..

222.9

sāmnā yadyapi rakṣāṃsi gṛhṇantīti parā śrutiḥ.
tathāpyetadasādhūnāṃ prayuktaṃ nopakārakam .. 222.8 ..

222.10

atiśaṅkitamityevaṃ puruṣaṃ sāmavādinam.
asādhavo vijānanti tasmāttatteṣu varjayet .. 222.9 ..

222.11

ye śuddhavaṃśāḥ ṛjavaḥ praṇītā dharme sthitāḥ satyaparā vinītāḥ.
te sāmasādhyāḥ puruṣāḥ pradiṣṭā mānonnatā ye satatañca rājan .. 222.10 ..

Those born in a good family, noble, simple, virtuous and truthful and modest, are the persons with whom Sama principle is to be applied.—10