[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Purāṇas](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana) › [Skandapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda) › [Skandamahapurana (vulgate)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate) › 16.205 # Skandapurana 16.205 Skandamahāpurāṇa (vulgate) 16.205 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [16.205.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.1) .. devyuvāca .. .. bhagandevadeveśa saṃsārārṇavatāraka .. brūhi śrāddhavidhiṃ puṇyaṃ vistarājjagatāṃpate .. 1 .. > The goddess said: > O Lord, Lord of the gods of gods, O redeemer across the ocean of worldly existence, / O Lord of the worlds, explain in detail the holy procedure of śrāddha. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.2) kasminvāsarabhāge tu śrāddhakṛcchrāddhamācaret .. asminsarasvatī tīrthe prabhāsakṣetra uttame .. 2 .. > At which portion of the day should the performer of śrāddha perform the śrāddha / at this sacred ford of the Sarasvatī, in the supreme sacred field of Prabhāsa? > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.3) kasmiṃstīrthe kṛtaṃ śrāddhaṃ bahupuṇyaphalaṃ bhavet .. etatsarvaṃ mahādeva yathāvadvaktumarhasi .. 3 .. > At which sacred ford does the śrāddha performed yield great meritorious fruit? / You ought to explain all this properly, O Mahādeva. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.4) .. īśvara uvāca .. .. prātaḥkāle muhūtāṃstrīnsaṃgavastāvadeva tu .. madhyāhnastrimuhūrtaḥ syādaparāhṇastataḥ param .. 4 .. > Īśvara said: > The morning time lasts three muhūrtas; the forenoon is just as long; / midday lasts three muhūrtas, and the afternoon comes after that. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.5) sāyāhnastrimuhūrtaḥ syācchrāddhaṃ tatra na kārayet .. rākṣasīnāma sā velā garhitā sarvakarmasu .. 5 .. > Evening time lasts three muhūrtas; one should not perform a śrāddha then; / that time belongs to demonesses and is condemned in all rites. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.6) ahno muhūrtā vikhyātā daśapaṃca ca sarvadā .. tatrāṣṭamo muhūrto yaḥ sa kālaḥ kutapaḥ smṛtaḥ .. 6 .. > The muhūrtas of the day are always known to be fifteen; / among them, the eighth muhūrta is considered the time called kutapa. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.7) madhyāhne sarvadā yasmānmandībhavati bhāskaraḥ .. tasmādanaṃtaphaladastadārambho bhaviṣyati .. 7 .. > Since the sun's motion always slows down at midday, / therefore an undertaking begun then yields endless fruit. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.8) madhyāhnaḥ khaḍgapātraṃ tu tathānye kālakambalāḥ ... rūpyaṃ darbhāṃstilā gāvo dauhitraścāṣṭamaḥ smṛtaḥ .. 8 .. > Midday, a rhinoceros-horn vessel, and similarly black blankets, / silver, darbha grass, sesame seeds, cows, and a daughter's son is recorded as the eighth. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.9) pāpaṃ kutsitamityāhustasya santāpakāriṇaḥ .. aṣṭa caivaṃ matāstasmātkutapā iti viśrutāḥ. .. 9 .. > They declare sin to be 'kutsi' (vile); because they torment (tap) it, / these eight are considered thus and are known as 'kutapas'. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.10) ūrdhvaṃ muhūrtātkutapādyanmuhūrtacatuṣṭayam .. muhūrtapañcakaṃ caiva svadhābhavanamiṣyate .. 7.1.205.10 .. > The period of four muhūrtas following the kutapa muhūrta, / and indeed that span of five muhūrtas, is held to be the time for the svadhā offering. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.11) viṣṇordehasamudbhūtāḥ kuśāḥ kṛṣṇāstilāstathā ... śrāddhasya rakṣaṇārthāya etatprāhurdivaukasaḥ .. 11 .. > Kuśa grass and black sesame seeds arose from the body of Viṣṇu / for the protection of the śrāddha; so say the gods. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.12) tilodakāñjalirdeyo jalasthaistīrthavāsibhiḥ .. sadarbhahastenaikena śrāddhasevanamiṣyate .. 12 .. > An añjali of sesame water is to be offered by dwellers at the sacred ford standing in the water; / performance of the śrāddha is prescribed with one hand holding darbha grass. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.13) trīṇi śrāddhe pavitrāṇi dauhitraḥ kutapastilāḥ .. trīṇi cātra praśaṃsaṃti śuddhimakrodhamatvarām .. 13 .. > Three things are purifying in a śrāddha: a daughter's son, the kutapa period, and sesame seeds; / and here they praise three things: purity, absence of anger, and lack of haste. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.14) dauhitraṃ khaḍgamityuktaṃ lalāṭe śṛṅgamasti yat .. tasya śṛṃgasya yatpātraṃ taddauhitramiti smṛtam .. 14 .. > The rhinoceros horn is called 'dauhitra'—that horn which is on its forehead; / whatever vessel is made of that horn is known as 'dauhitra'. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.15) kṣīriṇī vāpi citrā gaustatkṣīrāyadghṛtaṃ bhavet .. taddauhitramiti proktaṃ daive pitrye ca karmaṇi .. 15 .. > Or a milch cow with variegated colors: whatever ghee is made from her milk, / that is declared to be 'dauhitra' in rites for gods and ancestors. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.16) darbhāgraṃ daivamityuktaṃ samūlāgraṃ tu paitṛkam .. tatrāvalaṃbino ye tu kuśāste kutapāḥ smṛtāḥ .. 16 .. > The tip of darbha grass is designated for the gods, but that with root and tip is for the ancestors; / those kuśa blades that hang downwards there are known as kutapas. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.17) śarīradravyadārābhūmanomaṃtradvi janmanām .. śuddhiḥ saptasu vijñeyā śrāddhakāle viśeṣataḥ..17.. > Body, material wealth, wife, ground, mind, mantra, and twice-born brahmins— / purity in these seven should be recognized, especially at the time of a śrāddha. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.18) saptadhā dravyaśuddhistu sottamā madhyamā'dhamā ..18.. > The purity of materials is sevenfold, classified as superior, middling, and inferior: > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.19) śrutaṃ śauryaṃ tapaḥ kanyā śiṣyādyaṃ cānvayāgatam .. dhanaṃ saptavidhaṃ śuklamupāyopyasya tādṛśaḥ .. 19 .. > Sacred learning, valor, austerity, a maiden, beginning with a disciple, and inherited through lineage— / such wealth is sevenfold white (pure), and the means \[to acquire it\] are likewise so. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.20) kutsitaṃ kṛṣivāṇijyaṃ śuklaṃ śilpānuvṛttibhiḥ .. kṛtopakārādāptaṃ ca śaṃbalaṃ samudāhṛtam .. 7.1.205.20 .. > Agriculture and trade are vile; wealth obtained through craft professions is pure; / and what is obtained from a service rendered is called provisions for the path. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.21) utkocataśca yatprāptaṃ yatprāptaṃ caiva sāhasāt .. vyājenopārjitaṃ yacca tatkṛṣṇaṃ samudāhṛtam .. 21 .. > And whatever is obtained through bribery, and whatever is obtained through violence, / and whatever is acquired by deceit—that is declared to be black wealth. // 21 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.22) anyāyopārjitairdravyai ryacchrāddhaṃ kriyate naraiḥ .. tṛpyaṃti tena caṇḍālāḥ puṣkasādyāsu yoniṣu .. 22 .. > When men perform a śrāddha with wealth acquired unlawfully, / through that, caṇḍālas born into Puṣkasa and other \[low\] wombs are satiated. // 22 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.23) annaprakiraṇaṃ yattu manuṣyaiḥ kriyate bhuvi .. tena tṛptimupāyāṃti ye piśācatvamāgatāḥ .. 23 .. > And the scattering of food that is done on the ground by men— / through that, those who have attained the state of piśācas find satisfaction. // 23 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.24) yatpayaḥ snānavastrotthaṃ bhūmau patati putraka .. tena ye tarutāṃ prāptāsteṣāṃtṛptiḥ prajāyate .. 24 .. > The water that drops onto the earth from bathing garments, O son— / through that, satisfaction arises for those who have become trees. // 24 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.25) yāstu gaṃdhāṃbukaṇikāḥ pataṃti dharaṇītale .. tābhirāpyāyanaṃ teṣāṃ ye devatvamupāgatāḥ .. 25 .. > The drops of fragrant water that fall onto the surface of the earth— / through them comes the nourishment of those who have attained godhood. // 25 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.26) uddhṛteṣvapi piṇḍeṣu yāścānnakaṇikā bhuvi .. tābhirāpyāyanaṃ teṣāṃ tiryaktvaṃ ca kule gatāḥ ..26.. > Even after the piṇḍas are removed, whatever particles of food remain on the ground— / through them comes the nourishment of those in the family who have become animals. // 26 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.27) ye cādagdhāḥ kule bālāḥ striyo yāścāpyasaṃskṛtāḥ .. vipannāste tu vikirasaṃmārjanasulālasāḥ ..27.. > And the children in the family who were uncremated, and the women who died without the rites— / they eagerly crave the scattered \[food\] and the sweepings. // 27 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.28) bhuktvā vā bhramate yacca jalaṃ yaccāhni sevate .. brāhmaṇānāṃ tathānnena tena tṛptiṃ prayāṃti te .. 28 .. > And whatever water is stirred around after eating, and whatever water is used by day, / as well as through the food of the brahmins—through that they attain satisfaction, // 28 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.29) piśācatvamanuprāptāḥ kṛmikīṭatvameva ye .. atha kālānpravakṣyāmi kathyamā nānnibodha me .. 29 .. > those who have attained the state of piśācas, or that of worms and insects. / Now I will proclaim the proper times; listen to me as they are declared: // 29 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.30) śrāddhaṃ kāryamamāvāsyāṃ māsimāsīṃdusaṃkṣaye .. tathāṣṭakāsu viprāptau sūryendugrahaṇe tathā .. 7.1.205.30 .. > A śrāddha should be performed on the new moon day, month by month, at the waning of the moon, / likewise on the arrival of the aṣṭakā days, and during an eclipse of the sun or moon; // 30 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.31) ayane viṣuve yugme sāmānye cārkasaṃkrame .. amāvāsyāṣṭakāyāṃ ca kṛṣṇapakṣe viśeṣataḥ .. 31 .. > at the solstices, the pair of equinoxes, and ordinary solar transits, / on the new moon, on the aṣṭakā day, and especially during the dark fortnight; // 31 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.32) ārdrāmaghārohiṇīṣu dravyabrāhmaṇasaṃgame .. gajacchāyāvyatīpāte viṣṭivaidhṛti vāsare .. 32 .. > under the asterisms Ārdrā, Maghā, and Rohiṇī; when wealth and brahmins are assembled; / during a gajacchāyā conjunction, at vyatīpāta, on a viṣṭi \[karaṇa\], and on a vaidhṛti day; // 32 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.33) vaiśākhasya tṛtīyāyāṃ navamyāṃ kārttikasya ca .. paṃcadaśyāṃ tu māghasya nabhasye ca trayodaśī .. 33 .. > on the third day of Vaiśākha, and on the ninth of Kārttika, / on the fifteenth of Māgha, and the thirteenth of Nabhasya (Bhādrapada). // 33 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.34) yugādayaḥ smṛtā etā datta syākṣayakārikāḥ .. 34 .. > These are remembered as the yugādis (beginnings of yugas), rendering what is offered imperishable. // 34 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.35) yasya manvantarasyādau rathārūḍho divākaraḥ .. māghamāsasya saptamyāṃ sā tu syādrathasaptamī .. 35 .. > At the beginning of that Manvantara when the Sun mounted his chariot / on the seventh day of the month of Māgha—that day is Rathasaptamī. // 35 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.36) vaiśākhasya tṛtīyāyāṃ kṛṣṇāyāṃ phālgunasya ca .. paṃcamī caitramāsasya tasyaivāntyā tathāparā .. 36 .. > On the third day of Vaiśākha, and in the dark fortnight of Phālguna, / on the fifth of the month of Caitra, and likewise another on its last day, // 36 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.37) śuklatrayodaśī māghe kārttikasya ca saptamī .. kārttikī phālgunī caitrī jyaiṣṭhī pañcadaśīti ca .. manvantarāḥ smṛtā hyetā dattasyākṣayakārikāḥ .. 37 .. > the bright thirteenth in Māgha, and the seventh of Kārttika; / the full-moon days of Kārttika, Phālguna, Caitra, and Jyaiṣṭha— / these are remembered as the Manvantara days, rendering what is offered imperishable. // 37 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.38) śrāvaṇasyāṣṭamī kṛṣṇā tathāṣāḍhī ca pūrṇimā .. kārttikī phālgunī caitrī jyaiṣṭhī pañcadaśī tithiḥ .. 38 .. > The dark eighth of Śrāvaṇa, and likewise the full-moon day of Āṣāḍha; / the fifteenth lunar day of Kārttika, Phālguna, Caitra, and Jyaiṣṭha— // 38 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.39) manvādayaḥ smṛtāścaitā dattasyākṣayakārikāḥ .. navamī mārgaśīrṣasya saptaitāḥ saṃsmarā myaham .. 39 .. > these are remembered as the manvādis (beginnings of Manvantaras), rendering what is offered imperishable; / and the ninth of Mārgaśīrṣa: these seven I recall. // 39 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.40) kalpanāmādayo devi dattasyākṣayakārikāḥ .. tathā manvantarasyādau dvādaśaiva varānane .. 7.1.205.40 .. > These beginning times, O goddess, render what is offered imperishable, / and likewise twelve at the start of a Manvantara, O fair-faced lady. // 40 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.41) nityaṃ naimittikaṃ kāmyaṃ vṛddhi śrāddhaṃ sapiṇḍakam .. pārvaṇaṃ cātivijñānaṃ goṣṭhaṃ śuddhyarthamuttamam .. 41 .. > The daily (nitya), the occasional (naimittika), the optional (kāmya), the prosperity-śrāddha (vṛddhi), the sapiṇḍana, / the pārvaṇa, that with superior wisdom, the goṣṭha, and the excellent one for purification; // 41 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.42) karmāṃgaṃ navamaṃ proktaṃ daivakaṃ daśamaṃ smṛtam .. ekādaśaṃ kṣayāhaṃ tu puṣṭyarthe dvādaśaṃ smṛtam .. 42 .. > the subordinate rite (karmāṅga) is declared the ninth, that for the gods (daivika) is recalled as the tenth, / the anniversary of death (kṣayāha) is the eleventh, and the twelfth is for nourishment (puṣṭi). // 42 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.43) sarveṣāmeva śrāddhānāṃ śreṣṭhaṃ sāṃvatsaraṃ smṛtam .. ahanyahani yacchrāddhaṃ nityaṃ tatparikīrtitam .. 43 .. > Among all śrāddhas, the annual rite is recalled as best. / The śrāddha that is performed day by day is proclaimed as nitya. // 43 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.44) vaiśvadevavihīnaṃ tu aśaktāvudakena tu .. ekoddiṣṭaṃ tu yacchrāddhaṃ tannaimittikamucyate .. 44 .. > Deceiving no one, it is done without the Vaiśvadeva rite, or with just water if incapable. / The śrāddha offered to one deceased person (ekoddiṣṭa) is called naimittika. // 44 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.45](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.45) kāmena vihitaṃ kāmyamabhipretārthasiddhaye .. vṛddhau yatkriyate śrāddhaṃ vṛddhi śrāddhaṃ taducyate .. 45 .. > That which is performed out of desire for the attainment of a longed-for goal is kāmya. / The śrāddha that is performed at an auspicious event (vṛddhi) is called vṛddhi-śrāddha. // 45 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.46](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.46) ye samānā iti dvābhyāmetacchrāddhaṃ sapiṇḍanam .. amāvāsyāṃ tu yacchrāddhaṃ tatpārvaṇamudāhṛtam .. 46 .. > With the two verses beginning 'ye samānāḥ', this śrāddha is the sapiṇḍana. / The śrāddha that is performed on the new moon day is proclaimed as pārvaṇa. // 46 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.47](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.47) goṣṭhyāṃ yatkri yate śrāddhaṃ tadgoṣṭhīśrāddhamucyate .. kriyate pāpaśuddhyarthaṃ śuddhiśrāddhaṃ taducyate .. 47 .. > The śrāddha performed in an assembly (goṣṭhī) is called goṣṭhī-śrāddha. / That which is performed for purification from sin is called śuddhi-śrāddha. // 47 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.48) niṣekakāle some ca sīmantonnayane tathā .. tathā puṃsavane caiva śrāddhaṃ karmāṃgameva ca .. 48 .. > At the time of insemination, at the Soma sacrifice, at the parting of the hair, / and at the rite for securing a male child, the śrāddha is an auxiliary part of the ritual (karmāṅga). // 48 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.49](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.49) devamuddiśya kriyate yattaddaivakamucyate .. gaccheddeśāntaraṃ yastu śrāddhaṃ kāryaṃ tu sarpiṣā .. 49 .. > That which is performed directed towards a deity is called daivaka. / When one is about to travel to another country, a śrāddha should be performed with clarified butter; // 49 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.50](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.50) puṣṭyarthametadvijñeyaṃ kṣayāhaṃ dvādaśaṃ smṛtam .. mṛte'hani pituryastu na kuryācchrāddhamādarāt .. 7.1.205.50 .. > this should be known as being for nourishment (puṣṭyartha); and the twelfth is remembered as the anniversary of death. / A person who, out of negligence, does not perform a śrāddha on the day his father died, // 50 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.51](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.51) mātuścaiva varārohe vatsarānte mṛte'hani .. nāhaṃ tasya mahādevi pūjāṃ gṛhṇāmi no hariḥ .. 51 .. > or his mother, O lady of fair limbs, at the end of the year on the day of death— / I do not accept his worship, O great goddess, nor does Hari. // 51 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.52](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.52) mṛtāharyo na jānāti mānavo yadi vā kvacit .. tena kāryamamāvāsyāṃ śrāddhaṃ māghe'tha mārgake .. 52 .. > If a man does not know the day of death at any time, / by him a śrāddha should be performed on the new moon in Māgha or Mārgaśīrṣa. // 52 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.53](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.53) atha viprānpravakṣyāmi śrāddhe ye kecana kṣamāḥ .. viśiṣṭaḥ śrotriyo yogī vedavidyāsamanvitaḥ .. 53 .. > Now I will proclaim the brahmins who are worthy in a śrāddha: / an eminent man, learned in the Veda, a yogin, endowed with Vedic learning, // 53 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.54](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.54) triṇāciketastrimadhustrisuparṇaḥ ṣaḍaṃgavit .. dauhitrakastu jāmātā svasrīyaḥ śvaśurastathā .. 54 .. > one who has kept the Triṇāciketa fire, one who knows the Trimadhu hymns, one who recites the Trisuparṇa, one who knows the six Vedāṅgas, / a daughter's son, a son-in-law, a sister's son, and a father-in-law; // 54 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.55](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.55) pañcāgnikarmaniṣṭhaśca taponiṣṭhaśca mātulaḥ .. pitṛmātṛparaścaiva śiṣyasaṃbaṃdhibāṃdhavaḥ .. 55 .. > one devoted to the rites of the five fires, one devoted to austerity, a maternal uncle, / one devoted to his father and mother, a disciple, a relative, an affine; // 55 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.56) vedārthavitpravaktā ca brahmacārī sahasradaḥ .. saṃbaṃdhinaṃ tathā saṃtaṃ dauhitraṃ duhituḥ patim .. 56 .. > one who knows the meaning of the Veda and expounds it, a celibate student, one who gives thousands, / an affine, a virtuous person, a daughter's son, a daughter's husband, // 56 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.57](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.57) bhāgineyaṃ viśeṣeṇa tathā bandhugaṇānapi .. nātikramennarastvetānmūrkhānapi varānane .. 57 .. > especially a sister's son, and likewise the host of kinsmen— / a man should not bypass these, even if they are unlearned, O fair-faced lady. // 57 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.58](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.58) na brāhmaṇānparīkṣeta devakarmaṇyupa sthite .. paitrakarmaṇi saṃprāpte parīkṣeta prayatnataḥ .. 58 .. > One should not examine brahmins when a rite for the gods is undertaken; / but when a ancestral rite has arrived, one should examine them with effort. // 58 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.59](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.59) ye stenāḥ patitāḥ klībā ye ca nāstikavṛttayaḥ .. tānhavyakavyayorviprānanarhānmanura bravīt .. 59 .. > Those who are thieves, outcasts, eunuchs, and those whose conduct is atheistic— / these brahmins Manu declared unfit for offerings to gods and ancestors. // 59 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.60](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.60) jaṭilaṃ cānadhīyānaṃ durbalaṃ kitavaṃ tathā .. yājayaṃti ca ye śūdrāṃstāṃśca śrāddhe na pūjayet .. 7.1.205.60 .. > One with matted hair who does not study, one who is sickly, a gambler, / and those who officiate for śūdras—these one should not honor in a śrāddha. // 60 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.61](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.61) cikitsakāndevalakānmāṃsa vikrayiṇastathā .. vipaṇaiḥ pīrajīvaṃto varjyāḥ syurhavyakavyayoḥ .. 61 .. > Physicians, temple-priests (devalakas), sellers of meat, / and those who live by market trade—they should be avoided in offerings to gods and ancestors; // 61 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.62](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.62) preṣyo grāmyaśca rājñaśca kunakhī śyāvadaṃtakaḥ .. pratiroddhā guroścaiva tyaktā gnirvārdhuṣistathā .. 62 .. > a servant of the village or of the king, one with diseased nails, one with black teeth, / one who opposes his guru, one who has abandoned his sacred fire, a usurer, // 62 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.63](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.63) yakṣmī ca paśupālaśca parivettā nirākṛtiḥ .. brahmadhrukparivittiśca gaṇābhyantara eva ca .. 63 .. > a consumptive, a herdsman, one married before his elder brother, one who neglects Vedic duties, / a persecutor of brahmins, an unmarried elder brother whose younger brother has married, a member of a guild, // 63 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.64](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.64) kuśīlaścaiva kāṇaśca vṛṣalīpatireva ca .. paunarbhavaśca kānīnaḥ kitavo madyapastathā .. 64 .. > an actor, a one-eyed man, the husband of a śūdra woman, / the son of a remarried woman, the son of an unmarried woman, a gambler, and an imbiber of liquor. // 64 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.65](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.65) pāparogyabhiśastaśca dāṃbhiko rasavikrayī .. dhanuḥśarāṇāṃ karttā ca yaśca syāddidhiṣūpatiḥ .. 65 .. > one afflicted with a sinful disease, an accused person, a hypocrite, a seller of juices \[or liquors\], / a maker of bows and arrows, and one who marries a remarried woman \[or younger sister married before the elder\]; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.66](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.66) mitradhruḍdūtavṛttiśca putrācāryastathaiva ca .. bhramarī maṇḍapālī ca citrāṃgaḥ piśunastathā .. 66 .. > a betrayer of friends, one who lives by the trade of a messenger, a teacher taught by his son, / one suffering from epilepsy, an attendant at an inn \[or pavilion keeper\], a leper \[with variegated body\], and a slanderer; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.67](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.67) unmattoṃ'dhaśca badhiro vedanindaka eva ca .. hayago'śvoṣṭradamako nakṣatrairyaśca jīvati .. 67 .. > an insane person, a blind man, a deaf man, a despiser of the Vedas, / a trainer of horses, cattle, and camels, and one who lives by astrology; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.68](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.68) pakṣiṇāṃ poṣako yaśca yuddhācāryastathaiva ca .. srotaḥsaṃbhedako yaśca veśyānāṃ poṣaṇe rataḥ .. 68 .. > one who keeps birds, an instructor in warfare, / one who diverts watercourses, and one devoted to maintaining courtesans; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.69](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.69) gṛhasaṃveśako dūtaḥ kṛṣyāropaka eva ca .. ākheṭī śyenajīvī ca kanyādūṣaka eva ca .. 69 .. > a housebuilder, a courier, a tenant farmer, / a hunter, one who lives by hawking, and a defiler of maidens; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.70](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.70) hiṃsro vṛṣalaputraśca gaṇānāṃ caiva yājakaḥ .. ācārahīnaḥ klībaśca nityayājanakastathā .. 7.1.205.70 .. > a violent man, the son of a Śūdra woman, a priest for guilds \[or multitudes\], / one devoid of right conduct, a eunuch, and one who constantly officiates at sacrifices for anyone; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.71](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.71) kṛṣijīvī ślīpadī ca sadbhirnindita eva ca .. aurabhriko māhiṣikaḥ parapūrvā patistathā .. pretaniryātakāścaiva varjanīyāḥ prayatnataḥ .. 71 .. > one who lives by agriculture, one suffering from elephantiasis, one censured by the virtuous, / a keeper of sheep, a keeper of buffaloes, the husband of a previously married woman, / and carriers of dead bodies—these must be avoided with great effort. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.72](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.72) etānvai garhitācārānapāṃkteyāndvijādhamān .. dvijānāṃ sati lābhe tū bhayatraiva vivarjayet .. 72 .. > Indeed, these base twice-born of despised conduct, unfit to sit in a dining line— / when other twice-born are available, one must shun them in both \[rites for gods and ancestors\]. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.73](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.73) vīkṣāṃdho vaikataḥ kāṇaḥ kuṣṭhī ca vṛṣalīpatiḥ .. pāparogī sahasrasya dāturnāśayate phalam .. 73 .. > A squint-eyed man, a one-eyed man, a leper, the husband of a Śūdra woman, / and one afflicted with a sinful disease destroy the donor's fruit of a thousand \[offerings\]. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.74](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.74) yāvadbhiḥ saṃspṛśatyaṅgairbrāhmaṇāñchrūdrayājakaḥ .. tāvatāṃ na bhavetpretya dāturvā tasya paitrikam .. 74 .. > With as many limbs as a priest officiating for a Śūdra touches brahmins, / for that many \[ancestors\] in the hereafter, or for that donor, the ancestral rite bears no fruit. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.75](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.75) ādau māhiṣakaṃ dṛṣṭvā madhye ca vṛṣalīpatim .. ante vārdhuṣikaṃ dṛṣṭvā nirāśāḥ pitaro gatāḥ .. 75 .. > Seeing a keeper of buffaloes at the beginning, the husband of a Śūdra woman in the middle, / and a usurer at the end, the ancestors depart hopeless. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.76](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.76) mahiṣī procyate bhāryā sā vaidhavye'bhicāriṇī .. tasyāṃ yaḥ kṣapate doṣāṃ sa vai māhiṣikaḥ smṛtaḥ .. 76 .. > A wife is called a mahiṣī; if she is unfaithful in her widowhood, / he who endures her faults is remembered as a māhiṣika. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.77](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.77) vṛṣalītyucyate śūdrī tasyā yaśca patirbhavet .. tadoṣṭhalālāsaṃsargātpatito vṛṣalīpatiḥ .. .. 77 .. > A Śūdra woman is called a vṛṣalī; he who becomes her husband / is fallen through contact with her saliva and lips, becoming a vṛṣalīpati. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.78](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.78) svaṃ vṛṣaṃ tu parityaktvā pareṇa tu vṛṣāyate .. vṛṣalī sā tu vijñeyā na śūdrī vṛṣalī bhavet .. 78 .. > Abandoning her own lawful husband, she who lusts after another— / she is to be known as a vṛṣalī; a Śūdra woman by birth alone is not necessarily a vṛṣalī. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.79](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.79) caṇḍālī baṃdhakī veśyā rajaḥsthā yā ca kanyakā .. kuṭilā ca svagotrā ca vṛṣalyaḥ sapta kīrtitāḥ .. 79 .. > A Caṇḍāla woman, an unchaste woman, a prostitute, a girl who has attained puberty, / a deceitful woman, and a woman of one's own gotra—these seven are proclaimed as vṛṣalīs. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.80](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.80) piturgehe tu yā kanyā rajaḥ paśyatyasaṃskṛtā .. patitāḥ pitarastasyāḥ kanyā sā vṛṣalī bhavet .. 7.1.205.80 .. > The maiden who sees her menstrual flow in her father's house while unbetrothed / causes her ancestors to fall; that girl becomes a vṛṣalī. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.81](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.81) yastu tāṃ varayetkanyāṃ brāhmaṇo jñānapūrvataḥ .. aśrāddheyamapāṃkteyaṃ taṃ vidyādvṛṣalīpatim .. 81 .. > The brahmin who consciously weds such a girl— / one should know him to be a vṛṣalīpati, unfit for a śrāddha and excluded from the dining line. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.82](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.82) gaurī kanyā pradhānā vai madhyamā kanyakā matā .. rohiṇī tatsamā jñeyā adhamā ca rajasvalā .. 82 .. > A gaurī girl is indeed the foremost; a kanyakā is considered middling; / a rohiṇī should be known as equal to that, while one who has menstruated is base. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.83](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.83) aprāpte rajasi gaurī prāpte rajasi rohiṇī .. avyaṃjanakṛtā kanyā kucahīnā tu nagnikā .. 83 .. > Before menstruation arrives, she is a gaurī; when menstruation has arrived, she is a rohiṇī; / one without manifested bodily marks and devoid of breasts is a nagnikā. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.84](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.84) saptavarṣā bhavedgaurī navavarṣā tu nagnikā .. daśavarṣā bhavetkanyā hyata ūrdhvaṃ rajasvalā .. 84 .. > At seven years she is a gaurī; at nine years she is a nagnikā; / at ten years she is a kanyā; beyond that she is rajasvalā (menstruating). > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.85](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.85) vyaṃjanairhanti vai putrānkulaṃ hanyātpayodharā .. gatimiṣṭāṃ tathā lokānhaṃti sā rajasā pituḥ .. 85 .. > With developed marks she destroys sons; with breasts she destroys the lineage; / and by her menstrual flow she destroys her father's desirable destination and worlds. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.86](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.86) ya udvahedrajoyuktāṃ sa jñeyo vṛṣalīpatiḥ .. 86 .. > He who marries one who has menstruated should be known as a vṛṣalīpati. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.87](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.87) yatkarotyekarātreṇa vṛṣalīsevanāddvijaḥ .. tadbhaikṣyabhugjapannityaṃ tribhirvarṣairvyapohati .. 87 .. > The sin that a twice-born incurs in a single night by serving a vṛṣalī, / he removes in three years, eating only begged food and constantly reciting mantras. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [16.205.205](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205.205) iti śrīskāṃde mahāpurāṇa ekāśītisāhasryāṃ saṃhitāyāṃ saptame prabhāsakhaṇḍe prathame prabhāsakṣetramāhātmye śrāddhakalpe śrāddhānarhabrāhmaṇaparīkṣaṇakathanaṃnāma pañcottaradviśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ .. 205 .. > Thus ends the two hundred and fifth chapter, titled "Description of the Examination of Brahmins Unfit for Śrāddha in the Rules of Śrāddha," in the Prabhāsakṣetramāhātmya, in the first section of the Prabhāsakhaṇḍa, in the glorious Skandapurāṇa, the great Purāṇa in eighty-one thousand verses. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda~en-mt.16.205.1) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (10) - [Mānava Dharmaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.manu.3.150) — Manu & Bhṛgu, Sanskrit - [Bṛhadyamasmṛti (182-verse version)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.upasmrti.yama*brhad.3.16) — Sanskrit - [Vīramitrodaya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.viramitrodaya.233) — Mitramiśra 1610, Sanskrit - [Nṛsiṃhaprasāda](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.nrsimhaprasada.p24) — Dalapatirāja 1511, Sanskrit - [Madanapārijāta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.madanaparijata.9.3-2.p1.17) — Viśveśvarabhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Śrāddhacandrikā (Divākarabhaṭṭa)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.sraddha.sraddhacandrika.1.p12) — Divākarabhaṭṭa 1655, Sanskrit - [Gadādharapaddhati](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.gadadharapaddhati.21.p88) — Gadādhara Rājaguru 1725, Sanskrit - [Śrāddhakaumudī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.sraddha.mithila_bengal.sraddhakaumudi.2.p70) — Govindānanda 1500, Sanskrit - [Kālasāra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.astro.muhurta.kala.kalasara.18.p83) — Nārāyaṇa Jyotirvit, Sanskrit - [Kālasāra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.kalasara.18.p83) — Gadādhara (Pāraskara commentator), Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda*vulgate.16.205) · Pramāṇa