[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Purāṇas](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana) › [Skandapurana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda) › 1.4.35 # Skandapurana 1.4.35: adhyāyaḥ 37 Skandapurāṇa 1.4.35 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### adhyāyaḥ 37 ### [1.4.35.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.1) ..śrīnārada uvāca.. barbarītīrthamāhātmyamatho vakṣyāmi te'rjuna.. yathā barbarikā jātā śataśrṛṃgā nṛpātmajā.. 37.1 .. > Glorious Nārada said: / Now I shall tell you, O Arjuna, the māhātmya of Barbarītīrtha, / \[and\] how Barbarikā, the king's daughter \[ruling\] Śataśṛṅga, was born, 37.1 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.2) kumāriketi vikhyātā tasyā nāmnā prakathyate.. idaṃ kaumārikākhaṃḍaṃ caturvargaphalapradam.. 37.2 .. > renowned as Kumārikā. By her name, / this Kaumārikākhaṇḍa is proclaimed, which bestows the fruit of the four goals of life; 37.2 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.3) yayā kṛtā pṛthivyāṃ ca nānāgrāmādikalpanā.. idaṃ bharatakhaṃḍaṃ ca yayā samyakprakalpitam.. 37.3 .. > by whom was made the division of various villages and the like on the earth, / and by whom this Bhāratakhaṇḍa was properly arranged. 37.3 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.4) ..dhanaṃjaya uvāca.. mahadetanmamāścaryaṃ śrotavyaṃ paramaṃ mune.. kumārīcaritaṃ sarvaṃ brūhi mahyaṃ savistaram.. 37.4 .. > Dhanañjaya said: / This is a great wonder of mine, supreme to be heard, O sage! / Tell me in full detail the entire life of Kumārī: 37.4 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.5) kathaṃ viśvamidaṃ jātaṃ karmajātiprakalpitam.. kathaṃ vā bhārataṃ khaṃḍaṃ śuśrūṣeya sadā mama.. 37.5 .. > How was this universe born, arranged by actions and classes? / Or how \[was\] the Bhārata section \[divided\]? Such is ever my desire to hear. 37.5 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.6) ..nārada uvāca.. avyakto'sminnirāloke pradhānapuruṣāvubhau.. ajau samāgatāvekau kevalaṃ śrṛṇumo vayam.. 37.6 .. > Nārada said: / In this unmanifest \[state\], devoid of light, both the Pradhāna and the Puruṣa, / unborn, came together as one; \[this\] only do we hear. 37.6 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.7) tataḥ svabhāvakālābhyāṃ svarūpābhyāṃ samīritam.. īkṣaṇenaiva prakṛtermahattattvamajāyata.. 37.7 .. > Then, impelled by innate nature and time, through their own natures, / the principle of Mahat was born merely by the glance upon Prakṛti. 37.7 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.8) mahattattvādvikurvāṇādahaṃtattvaṃ vyajāyata.. tridhā tanmunibhiḥ proktaṃ sattvarāsatāmasam.. 37.8 .. > From the modifying principle of Mahat, the principle of Ahaṃkāra was born. / That is declared threefold by sages: sāttvika, rājasa, and tāmasa. 37.8 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.9) tāmasātpaṃca jātāni tanmātrāṇi vudurbudhāḥ.. tanmātrebhyaśca bhūtāni veśeṣāḥ paṃca tadbhavāḥ.. 37.9 .. > From the tāmasa, the five subtle elements were born, as the wise know; / and from the subtle elements, the gross elements, the five specific \[principles\] that arose from them. 37.9 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.10) sāttvikāccāpyahaṃkārādvidvi karmedriyāṇi ca.. ekādaśaṃ manaścaiva rājasaṃ ca dvayorviduḥ.. 37.10 .. > And from the sāttvika Ahaṃkāra, know the organs of action and \[sense\], / and the mind as the eleventh; and they know the rājasa to belong to both. 37.10 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.11) caturviśatitattvāni jātānīti purā viduḥ.. sadāśivena vai puṃsā tāni dṛṣṭāni bhārata.. 37.11 .. > The wise know that twenty-four principles were thus born in ancient times. / They were indeed beheld by the person Sadāśiva, O descendant of Bharata. 37.11 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.12) bud‌budākāratāṃ jagmuraṃḍaṃ jātaṃ tataḥ śubham.. śakatoṭipramāṇaṃ ca brahmāṃḍamidamucyate.. 37.12 .. > They assumed the shape of a bubble; then the auspicious egg was born. / And this cosmic egg of Brahmā is said to measure one hundred million \[yojanas\]. 37.12 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.13) ātmāsya kathito brahmā vyabhajatsa tridhā tvidam.. ūrdhvaṃ tatra sthitā devā madhye caiva ca mānavāḥ.. 37.13 .. > Brahmā is declared its self; he divided this into three: / the gods reside in the upper realm, and humans in the middle, 37.13 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.14) nāgā daityāśca pātāle tridhaitatparikalpitam.. aikaikaṃ saptadhābhūya tatastena prakalpitam.. 37.14 .. > and the Nāgas and Daityas in Pātāla—thus it was designed threefold. / Then, each one becoming sevenfold, was arranged by him: 37.14 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.15) pātālāni ca dvīpāni svarlokāḥ saptasapta ca.. sapta dvīpāni vakṣyāmi śrṛṇu teṣāṃ prakalpanām.. 37.15 .. > seven subterranean realms, seven continents, and seven celestial worlds. / I will tell of the seven continents; hear their arrangement. 37.15 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.16) lakṣayojanavistāraṃ jaṃbūdvīpaṃ prakīrtyate.. sūryabiṃbasamākāraṃ tāvatkṣārārṇavāvṛtam.. 37.16 .. > Jambūdvīpa is proclaimed to have an extent of one hundred thousand yojanas, / resembling the disc of the sun in shape, surrounded by a salt ocean of the same extent. 37.16 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.17) śākadvīpaṃ dviguṇato jaṃbūdvīpāttataḥ param.. tāvatā kṣīratoyena samudreṇa parīvṛtam.. 37.17 .. > Beyond that is Śākadvīpa, twice the size of Jambūdvīpa, / encircled by an ocean of milk-water of equal size. 37.17 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.18) surātoyena daityānāṃ mohakāryarṇavena hi.. puṣkaraṃ tu tato dvīpaṃ dviguṇaṃ tāvatā vṛtam.. 37.18 .. > \[Encircled\] by an ocean of wine-water that causes delusion to the Daityas, / next is Puṣkaradvīpa, twice \[that size\], surrounded by \[an ocean\] of equal measure. 37.18 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.19) kuśadvīpaṃ dviguṇatastatastatparataḥ smṛtam.. dadhitoyena paritastāvadarṇavasaṃvṛtam.. 37.19 .. > Beyond that, Kuśadvīpa is known to be twice \[its size\], / surrounded all around by an ocean of curd-water of equal size. 37.19 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.20) tataḥ paraṃ krauñcasaṃjñaṃ dviguṇaṃ hi ghṛtābdhinā.. tataḥ śālmalidvīpaṃ ca dviguṇaṃ tāvataiva ca.. 37.20 .. > Beyond that is the one named Krauñca, twice \[that size\], by an ocean of clarified butter; / next is Śālmalidvīpa, twice \[that size\], likewise by \[an ocean\] of equal measure, 37.20 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.21) ikṣusārasvarūpeṇa samudreṇa parivṛtam.. gomedaṃ tasya parito dviguṇaṃ tāvatā vṛtam.. 37.21 .. > surrounded by an ocean consisting of sugarcane juice. / Around it is Gomeda, twice \[that size\], surrounded by \[an ocean\] of equal measure, 37.21 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.22) svādutoyena ramyeṇa samudreṇa samaṃtataḥ.. evaṃ koṭidvayaṃ pārtha lakṣapaṃcāśatatrayam.. 37.22 .. > all around by a delightful ocean of sweet water. / Thus, O son of Pṛthā, twenty-three million, / 37.22 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.23) paṃcāśacca sahasrāṇi saptadvīpāḥ sasāgarāḥ.. daśottarāṇi paṃcaiva aṃgulānāṃ śatāni ca.. 37.23 .. > and fifty thousand \[yojanas\] are the seven continents together with the oceans. / Five hundred and ten aṅgulas 37.23 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.24) apāṃ vṛddhikṣayo dṛṣṭaḥ pakṣayoḥ śuklakṛṣṇayoḥ.. tato hemamayī bhūmirdaśakoṭyaḥ kurūdvaha.. 37.24 .. > is the increase and decrease of water observed during the bright and dark fortnights. / Beyond that is the golden land of one hundred million \[yojanas\], O bearer of the Kuru line, 37.24 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.25) devānāṃ krīḍanasthānaṃ lokālokastataḥ param.. parvato valayākāro yojanāyutavistṛtaḥ.. 37.25 .. > the playground of the gods; beyond that is Lokāloka, / a mountain ring-shaped, extending for ten thousand yojanas. 37.25 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.26) asya bāhye tamo ghoraṃ duṣprekṣyaṃ jīvavarjitam.. paṃcatriṃśatsmṛtāḥ koṭyo lakṣāṇyekonaviṃśatiḥ.. 37.26 .. > Outside of this is dreadful darkness, difficult to gaze upon, devoid of life, / recorded as three hundred and fifty million, nineteen hundred thousand, 37.26 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.27) catvāriṃśatsahasrāṇi yojanānāṃ ca phālguna.. saptasāgaramānastu garbhodastadanaṃtaram.. 37.27 .. > and forty thousand yojanas, O Phālguna. / Immediately after that is the Garbhodaka \[ocean\], having the measure of the seven oceans; 37.27 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.28) koṭiyojanavistāraḥ kaṭāhaṛ saṃvyavasthitaḥ.. brahmaṇoṃ'ḍaṃ kaṭāhena saṃyuktaṃ merumadhyataḥ.. 37.28 .. > the cosmic shell, ten million yojanas in extent, is established. / The egg of Brahmā, joined with the cosmic shell from the center of Meru, 37.28 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.29) paṃcāśatkoṭayo jñeyā daśadikṣu samaṃtataḥ.. jaṃbudvīpasya madhye tu merunāmāsti parvataḥ.. 37.29 .. > is to be known as five hundred million \[yojanas\] all around in the ten directions. / In the middle of Jambudvīpa, however, is the mountain named Meru. 37.29 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.30) sa lakṣayojano jñeyo hyadhaścordhvaṃ pramāṇataḥ.. ṣoḍaśaiva sahasrāṇi yojanānāmadhaḥ sthitaḥ.. 37.30 .. > It is to be known as measuring one hundred thousand yojanas below and above: / it stands sixteen thousand yojanas below, 37.30 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.31) ucchrayaścaturāśītirdvātriṃśanmūrdhni vistṛtaḥ.. tribhiḥ śṛṃgaiḥ samāyuktaḥ śarāvākṛtimastakaḥ.. 37.31 .. > its height is eighty-four \[thousand\], and it is thirty-two \[thousand\] wide at the summit; / furnished with three peaks, its summit has the shape of a saucer. 37.31 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.32) madhyaśṛṃge brahmavāsa aiśānyāṃ tryaṃbakasya ca.. nairṛtye vāsudevasya hemaśṛṃgaṃ ca brahmaṇaḥ.. 37.32 .. > On the central peak is the abode of Brahmā; on the north-east, of Tryambaka; / on the south-west, of Vāsudeva; and the peak of Brahmā is of gold, 37.32 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.33) ratnajaṃ śaṃkarasyāpi rājataṃ keśavasya ca.. merudikṣu catasṛṣu viṣkaṃbhā girayaḥ smṛtāḥ.. 37.33 .. > that of Śaṃkara is of gems, and that of Keśava is of silver. / In the four directions of Meru, the supporting mountains are recorded: 37.33 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.34) pūrveṇa maṃdaro nāmadakṣiṇe gaṃdhamādanaḥ.. vipulaḥ paścimo jñeyaḥ supārśvastu tathottare.. 37.34 .. > to the east, Mandara by name; to the south, Gandhamādana; / Vipula is to be known to the west, and Supārśva to the north. 37.34 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.35) kadaṃbo maṃdare jñeyojaṃburvai gaṃdhamādane.. aśvattho vipule caiva supārśveca vaṭomataḥ.. 37.35 .. > The kadamba is to be known on Mandara, the rose-apple tree indeed on Gandhamādana, / the peepal tree on Vipula, and the banyan tree is regarded as on Supārśva. 37.35 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.36) ekādaśaśatāyāmāścatvāro giriketavaḥ.. eteṣāṃ saṃti catvāri vanāni jayamūrdhasu.. 37.36 .. > There are four flagstaff-like trees on the mountains, eleven hundred \[yojanas\] in length. / There are four forests on their glorious peaks: 37.36 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.37) pūrvaṃ caitrarathaṃ nāmadakṣiṇe gaṃdhamādanam.. vaibhrājaṃpaścime jñeyamudakcitrarathaṃ vanam.. 37.37 .. > to the east, the one named Caitraratha; to the south, Gandhamādana; / Vaibhrāja is to be known to the west, and Citraratha forest to the north. 37.37 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.38) sarāṃsi cāpi catvāri caturdikṣu nibodha me.. prācye'ruṇodasaṃjñaṃ tu mānasaṃ dakṣiṇe saraḥ.. 37.38 .. > And learn from me the four lakes in the four directions: / in the east is the lake named Aruṇoda, and Mānasa lake in the south; 37.38 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.39) pratyakchīto dakaṃnāma uttare ca mahāhradaḥ.. viṣkaṃbhagirayo hyeta ucchritāḥ paṃcaviṃśatiḥ.. 37.39 .. > in the west, the one named Śītodaka; and in the north, Mahāhrada. / Indeed, these supporting mountains are twenty-five 37.39 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.40) yojanānāṃ sahasrāṇi sahasraṃ piṃḍataḥ smṛtam.. anye ca saṃti bahuśastatra vai kesarācalāḥ.. 37.40 .. > thousand yojanas in height, and one thousand in thickness, so it is handed down. / And there are many other filament-mountains there. 37.40 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.41) merordakṣiṇataścaiva trayo maryādaparvatāḥ.. niṣadho hemakūṭaśca himavāniti te trayaḥ.. 37.41 .. > And to the south of Meru are three boundary mountains: / Niṣadha, Hemakūṭa, and Himavān—these three, 37.41 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.42) lakṣayojanadīrghāśca vistīrṇā dvisahasrakam.. trayaścottarato merornīlaḥ śveto'tha śrṛṃgavān.. 37.42 .. > one hundred thousand yojanas long and two thousand broad. / And three to the north of Meru: Nīla, Śveta, and Śṛṅgavān. 37.42 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.43) mālyavānpūrvato merorgaṃdhākhyaḥ paścime tathā.. ityete girayaḥ proktā jaṃbudvīpe samaṃtataḥ.. 37.43 .. > Mālyavān is to the east of Meru, and likewise the one named Gandhamādana is to the west. / Thus these mountains all around Jambudvīpa have been declared. 37.43 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.44) gaṃdhamādanasaṃsthāyā mahāgajapramāṇataḥ.. phalāni jaṃbavāstannāmnā jaṃbūdvīpamiti smṛtam.. 37.44 .. > From the rose-apple fruits that grow on Gandhamādana, which are the size of great elephants, / it is known by that name as Jambudvīpa. 37.44 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.45](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.45) āsītsvāyaṃbhuvonāma manurādyaḥ prajāpatiḥ.. āsītstrī śatarūpā tāmuduvoḍha prajāpatiḥ.. priyavratottānapādau tasyā''stāṃ tanayāvubhau.. 37.45 .. > There was a first progenitor named Svāyambhuva Manu. / There was a woman, Śatarūpā; the progenitor took her in marriage. / Priyavrata and Uttānapāda were both her sons. 37.45 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.46](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.46) dhruvaścottānapādasya putraḥ paramadhārmikaḥ.. bhaktyā sa viṣṇumārādhya sthānaṃ caivākṣayaṃ gataḥ.. 37.46 .. > And Dhruva, the supreme observer of dharma, was Uttānapāda's son. / Having worshipped Viṣṇu with devotion, he attained an imperishable place. 37.46 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.47](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.47) priyavratasya rājarṣerutpannā daśa sūnavaḥ.. trayaḥ pravrajitāstatra paraṃbrahma samāśritāḥ.. 37.47 .. > Ten sons were born to the royal sage Priyavrata. / Three among them renounced the world and took refuge in the supreme Brahman. 37.47 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.48) sapta saptasu dvīpeṣu tena putrāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ.. jaṃbūdvīpādhipo jyeṣṭha āgnīdhra iti viśrutaḥ.. 37.48 .. > Seven sons were installed by him across the seven continents. / The eldest, known as Āgnīdhra, was the ruler of Jambudvīpa. 37.48 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.49](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.49) tasyāsannava sutāḥ pārtha navavarṣeśvarāḥ smṛtāḥ.. teṣāṃ nāmnā ca te varṣāstiṣṭhaṃtyadyāpi cāṃkitāḥ.. 37.49 .. > He had nine sons, O son of Pṛthā, traditionally known as rulers of nine realms. / Even today, those realms remain marked with their names. 37.49 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.50](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.50) yojanānāṃ sahasrāṇi nava pratyekaśaḥ smṛtāḥ.. meroścaturdaśaṃ khaṃḍaṃ gaṃdhamālyavatordvayoḥ.. 37.50 .. > Each one is said to measure nine thousand yojanas. / The fourteenth section of Meru lies between the two, Gandhamādana and Mālyavān; 37.50 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.51](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.51) aṃtare hemabhūmiṣṭhamilāvṛtamihocyate.. mālyavatsāgarāṃtasya bhadrāśvamiti procyate.. 37.51 .. > situated on the golden land between them, it is here called Ilāvṛta. / The land extending from Mālyavān to the ocean is called Bhadrāśva. 37.51 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.52](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.52) gaṃdhavatsāgarāṃtasya ketumālamiti smṛtam.. 37.52 .. > The land extending from Gandhamādana to the ocean is known as Ketumāla. 37.52 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.53](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.53) śrṛṃgavajjaladheraṃtaḥ kurukhaṃḍamiti smṛtam.. śrṛṃgavacchvetamadhye ca khaṇḍaṃ proktaṃ hiraṇmayam.. 37.53 .. > The region between Śṛṅgavān and the ocean is known as the Kuru realm. / Between Śṛṅgavān and Śveta, the realm is said to be Hiraṇmaya. 37.53 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.54](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.54) sunīlaśvetayormadhye khaṃḍamāhuśca ramyakam.. niṣadho hemakūṭaśca harikhaṃḍaṃ tadaṃtarā.. 37.54 .. > Between beautiful Nīla and Śveta, they call the realm Ramyaka. / Between Niṣadha and Hemakūṭa lies the Harikhaṇḍa realm. 37.54 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.55](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.55) himavaddhimakūṭāṃtaḥ khaṇḍaṃ kiṃpuruṣaṃ smṛtam.. himādrijaladherantarnābhi khaṇḍamiti smṛtam.. 37.55 .. > Between the snowy mountain and Hemakūṭa, the realm is known as Kiṃpuruṣa. / Between the snowy mountain and the ocean, the realm is known as Nābhi. 37.55 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.56) nābhikhaṇḍaṃ ca kuravo dve varṣe dhanupākṛtī.. himavāṃśca giriśrṛṃgī jyāsthāne parikīrtitau.. 37.56 .. > The realm of Nābhi and Kuru are two realms shaped like bows; / the snowy mountain and Mount Śṛṅgavān are declared to stand in the place of bowstrings. 37.56 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.57](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.57) nābheḥ putraśca ṛṣabha ṛṣabhādbarato'bhavat.. tasya nāmnā tvidaṃ varṣaṃ bhārataṃ ceti kīrtyate.. 37.57 .. > The son of Nābhi was Ṛṣabha, and from Ṛṣabha came Bharata. / By his name, this realm is celebrated as Bhārata. 37.57 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.58](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.58) atra dharmārthakāmānāṃ mokṣasya ca upārjanam.. anyatra bhogabhūmiśca sarvatra kurunaṃdana.. 37.58 .. > Here \[alone\] is the acquisition of dharma, wealth, pleasure, and liberation; / elsewhere, everywhere \[is a\] land of enjoyment, O delight of the Kurus. 37.58 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.59](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.59) śākadvīpe ca śāko'sti yojanānāṃ sahasrakaḥ.. tasya nāmnā ca tadvarṣaṃ śākadvīpamiti smṛtam.. 37.59 .. > In Śākadvīpa there is a teak tree measuring a thousand yojanas. / By its name, that realm is known as Śākadvīpa. 37.59 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.60](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.60) tasya ca priyavrata evādhipatirnāmnā medhātithiriti.. 37.60 .. > And its ruler was a son of Priyavrata named Medhātithi. 37.60 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.61](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.61) tasya purojavamanojavavepamānadhūmrānīkacitrarephabahurūpaviśvacārasaṃjñāni putranāmāni sapta varṣāṇi.. 37.61 .. > His seven realms bear the names of his sons: Purojava, Manojava, Vepamāna, Dhūmrānīka, Citrarepha, Bahurūpa, and Viśvacāra. 37.61 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.62](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.62) śākadvīpe ca varṣa ṛtavratasatyavratānuvratanāmāno vāyyavātkamaṃ bhagavaṃtaṃ japaṃti.. 37.62 .. > In Śākadvīpa, the \[classes\] of the realm named Ṛtavrata, Satyavrata, and Anuvrata chant \[the praise of\] the blessed Lord in the form of wind: 37.62 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.63](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.63) aṃtaḥ praviśya bhūtāni yo vibhajyātmaketubhiḥ.. aṃtaryāmīśvaraḥ sākṣātpātu no yadvaśe jagat.. 37.63 .. > "May the inner controller, the Lord himself, protect us, who, entering into beings and dividing them with his own marks, holds the universe under his sway." 37.63 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.64](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.64) ..iti japaḥ.. kuśadvīpe kuśastaṃbo yojanānāṃ sahasrakaḥ.. taccihnacihnitaṃ tasmātkuśadvīpaṃ tataḥ smṛtam.. 37.64 .. > Thus ends the prayer. / In Kuśadvīpa there is a clump of kuśa grass measuring a thousand yojanas. / Because it is marked by that sign, it is therefore known as Kuśadvīpa. 37.64 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.65](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.65) taddvīpapatiśca praiyavrato hiraṇyaromā tatputravasuvasudānadṛḍhakavinābhiguptasatyavratavāmadevanāmāṃkitāni sapta varṣāṇi.. varṇāśca kuliśakovidābhiyuktakulakasaṃjñā jātavedasaṃ bhagavaṃtaṃ stuvaṃti.. 37.65 .. > The lord of that continent is Hiraṇyaroman, a son of Priyavrata. Its seven realms are marked by the names of his sons: Vasu, Vasudāna, Dṛḍhakavi, Nābhigupta, Satyavrata, and Vāmadeva. / And the classes, named Kuliśa, Kovida, Abhiyukta, and Kulaka, praise the blessed Jātavedas: 37.65 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.66](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.66) parasya brahṇaḥ sākṣājjātavedāsi havyavāṭ.. devānāṃ puruṣāṃgānāṃ yajñena puruṣaṃ yajaḥ.. 37.66 .. > "Thou art the bearer of oblations, the manifest Jātavedas of the supreme Brahman. / Worship the Puruṣa through sacrifice on behalf of the gods, who are limbs of the Puruṣa." 37.66 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.67](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.67) ..iti stutiḥ.. krauṃcadvīpe krauṃcanāmā parvato yojanāyataḥ.. yo'sau guhena nirbhinnastaccihnaṃ krauṃcadvīpakam.. 37.67 .. > Thus ends the praise. / In Krauñcadvīpa there is a mountain named Krauñca, a yojana in extent, / which was pierced by Guha; by that sign it is Krauñcadvīpa. 37.67 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.68](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.68) tatra ca praiyavrato ghṛtapṛṣṭināmā tatputrāmamadhuruhameghapṛṣṭhasvadāmaṛtāśvalohitārṇavavanaspatiitisaptaputranāmāṃkitāni sapta varṣāṇi.. 37.68 .. > And there the son of Priyavrata named Ghṛtapṛṣṭha \[rules\]; its seven realms are marked with the names of his seven sons: Madhuruha, Meghapṛṣṭha, Svadāman, Ṛtāśva, Lohitārṇava, and Vanaspati. 37.68 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.69](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.69) varṇāśca guruṛṣabhadraviṇadevakasaṃjñāḥ.. 37.69 .. > And the classes are named Guru, Ṛṣabha, Draviṇa, and Devaka. 37.69 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.70](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.70) āpomayaṃ bhagavaṃtaṃ stuvaṃti.. 37.70 .. > They praise the blessed Lord whose form is water: 37.70 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.71](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.71) āpaḥ puruṣavīryāśca punaṃtīrbhūrbhūvaḥsvaśca.. taiḥ punaramīvaghnāḥsaṃspṛśetātmanā bhuvaḥ.. 37.71 .. > "Waters, which are the seed of the Puruṣa, purifying earth, atmosphere, and heaven, / destroying illness, may they again touch the earth along with the self." 37.71 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.72](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.72) ..iti japaḥ.. śālmalernāma vṛkṣasya tatravāsaḥ sahasraṃ yojanānāṃ taccihnaṃ śālmalidvipamucyate.. 37.72 .. > Thus ends the prayer. / A śālmali tree stands there, a thousand yojanas in height; by that sign it is called Śālmalidvīpa. 37.72 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.73](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.73) tasyādhipatiḥ praiyavrato yajñabāhustatputrasurocanasaumanasyaramaṇakadevabarhipāribhadrāpyāyanābhijñānanāmāni saptavarṣāṇi.. 37.73 .. > Its ruler is Yajñabāhu, a son of Priyavrata; its seven realms bear the names of his sons: Surocana, Saumanasya, Ramaṇaka, Devabarhis, Pāribhadra, Āpyāyana, and Abhijñāna. 37.73 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.74](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.74) varṇāśca śrutadharavīryavasuṃdharaiṣaṃdharasaṃjñā bhagavaṃtaṃ somaṃ yajaṃti.. 37.74 .. > And the classes, named Śrutadhara, Vīrya, Vasundhara, and Iṣandhara, worship the blessed Soma: 37.74 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.75](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.75) svayoniḥ pitṛdevebhyo vibhajañchuklakṛṣṇayoḥ.. adhaḥ prajānāṃ sarvāsāṃ rājā naḥ somostu.. 37.75 .. > "Distributing the bright and dark fortnights from his own source to the ancestors and gods, / below, may Soma be the king of all our subjects." 37.75 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.76](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.76) iti japaḥ gomedanāmā plakṣosti suramyo yasya cchāyayā.. modovṛddhiṃ gataṃ laulyādgomedaṃ dvīpamucyate.. 37.76 .. > Thus ends the prayer. There is a very charming plakṣa tree named Gomeda, under whose shade / joy increased; by reason of eagerness, the continent is called Gomeda. 37.76 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.77](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.77) tatra praiyavrata idhmajihvaḥ patistatputrasivasuramyasubhadra śāṃtyaśaptamṛtābhayanāmāṃkitāni sapta varṣāṇi.. 37.77 .. > There, the son of Priyavrata named Idhmajihva is the lord; its seven realms are marked with the names of his sons: Śiva, Suramya, Subhadra, Śānti, Aśama, Ṛta, and Abhaya. 37.77 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.78](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.78) varṇāśca haṃsapataṃgordhvāṃcanasatyāṃgasaṃjñāścatvāro bhagavaṃtaṃ sūryaṃ yajaṃte.. 37.78 .. > And the four classes, named Haṃsa, Pataṅga, Ūrdhvāñcana, and Satyāṅga, worship the blessed Sūrya: 37.78 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.79](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.79) praśrasya viṣṇurūpaṃyattatrotthasya brahmaṇo'mṛtasya ca.. mṛtyośca sūryamātmānaṃ dhīmahi.. 37.79 .. > "May we meditate upon Sūrya, the self, the form of Viṣṇu of the ancient \[one\], arisen there from Brahman, of immortality and death." 37.79 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.80](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.80) ..iti japaḥ.. svarṇapatrāṇi niyutaṃ yojanānāṃ sahasrakam.. puṣkaraṃ jvaladā bhāti taccihnaṃ dvīpapuṣkaram.. 37.80 .. > Thus ends the prayer. / A lotus with golden petals, radiant, measuring a million and a thousand yojanas, / shines like a flame; by that sign the continent is Puṣkara. 37.80 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.81](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.81) tasyādhipatiḥ praiyavrato vītahotranāmā tatputrau ramaṇakaghātakau.. 37.81 .. > Its ruler is a son of Priyavrata named Vītahotra; his two sons are Ramaṇaka and Ghātaka. 37.81 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.82](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.82) tannāmacihnataṃ khaṃḍadvayam.. 37.82 .. > The two sections are marked with their names. 37.82 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.83](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.83) tayoraṃtarālemānasācalo nāma valayākāraḥ parvato yasminbhramati bhagavānbhāskara iti.. 37.83 .. > Between them is a ring-shaped mountain named Mānasācala, upon which the blessed sun revolves. 37.83 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.84](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.84) tatra varṇāśca na saṃti kevalaṃ samānāste brahma dhyāyaṃti.. 37.84 .. > There are no classes there; being all equal, they meditate upon Brahman alone: 37.84 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.85](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.85) yadyatkarmamayaṃ liṃgaṃ brahmaliṃgaṃ janorcayan.. bhedenaikāṃtamadvaitaṃ tasmai bhagavate namaḥ.. 37.85 .. > "Whatever linga consists of ritual action, while people worship the Brahman-liṅga, / being essentially one non-dual \[reality\] amid distinction—homage to that blessed Lord." 37.85 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.86](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.86) ..iti japaḥ.. naiṣu krodho na mātsaryaṃ puṇyapāpārjanena ca.. ayutaṃ dviguṇaṃ cāpi kramādāyuḥ prakīrtitam.. 37.86 .. > Thus ends the prayer. / In these \[continents\] there is neither anger nor malice through the acquisition of merit and sin; / and the lifespan is proclaimed to double progressively from ten thousand \[years\]. 37.86 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.87](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.87) japaṃtaḥ kāminīyuktā viharaṃtyamarā iva.. atha te saṃpravakṣyāmi ūrdhvalokasya saṃsthitim.. 37.87 .. > Chanting, accompanied by loving women, they sport like the immortals. > Now I will describe to you the arrangement of the upper world. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.4.35.87\_1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35.87_1) iti śrīskāṃde mahāpurāṇa ekāśītisāhasryāṃ saṃhitāyāṃ prathame māheśvarakhaṇḍe kaumārikākhaṇḍe kumārikākhyāne bhūsaṃsthitivarṇanaṃnāma spatatriṃśo'dhyāyaḥ.. 37 .. cha .. > Thus ends the thirty-seventh chapter, entitled 'Description of the Situation of the Earth,' in the Kumārikākhaṇḍa of the first section, the Māheśvarakhaṇḍa, in the glorious Skanda Mahāpurāṇa of eighty-one thousand verses. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda~en-mt.1.4.35.1) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (4) - [Kiraṇatantra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.sampradaya.saiva.agama.rudra.kirana.8.48) — Sanskrit - [Suprabhedāgama](https://indike.org/pramana/in.sampradaya.saiva.agama.siva.suprabheda.78.81) — Sanskrit - [Svacchandatantra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.sampradaya.saiva.agama.bhairava.svacchanda.10.330) — Sanskrit - [Bṛhadbrahmasaṃhitā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.sampradaya.vaisnava.pancaratra.brhadbrahmasamhita.14.25-2) — Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.1.4.35) · Pramāṇa