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# Skandapurana 16.208

Skandapurāṇa 16.208

- **Language:** Sanskrit

### [16.208.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.1)

.. devyuvāca .. ..  
idaṃ deyamidaṃ deyamiti proktaṃ tu yacchrutau ..  
dānādānaviśeṣāṃstu śrotumicchāmi tattvataḥ .. 1 ..

> The Goddess said: / "'This should be given, this should be given,' as declared in the Veda— / I desire to hear the distinctions among gifts in truth. // 1  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.2)

kāni dānāni śastāni kasmai deyāni kānyapi ..  
kālaṃ deśaṃ ca pātraṃ ca sarvamācakṣva me vibho .. 2 ..

> Which gifts are commended? And to whom should which gifts be given? / Declare to me, O Lord, everything regarding time, place, and recipient." // 2  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.3)

.. īśvara uvāca .. ..  
vṛthā janmāni catvāri vṛthā dānāni ṣoḍaśa ..  
sujanmāni ca catvāri mahādānāni ṣoḍaśa .. 3 ..

> Īśvara said: / "Useless births are four, and useless gifts are sixteen; / auspicious births are four, and great gifts are sixteen." // 3  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.4)

.. devyuvāca.. ..  
etadvistarato brūhi devadevajagatpate .. 4 ..

> The Goddess said: / "Speak of this in detail, O God of gods, Lord of the universe!" // 4  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.5)

.. īśvara uvāca .. ..  
vṛthā janmāni catvāri yāni tāni nibodha me ..  
kuputrāṇāṃ vṛthā janma ye ca dharmabahiṣkṛtāḥ ..  
pravāsaṃ ye ca gacchaṃti paradāraratāḥ sadā .. 5 ..

> Īśvara said: / "Learn from me which the four useless births are: / useless is the birth of wicked sons and of those expelled from dharma, / and of those who go abroad, constantly devoted to other men's wives, // 5  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.6)

parapākaṃ ca ye'śnaṃti para dāraratāśca ye ..  
apratyākhyaṃ vṛthā dānaṃ sadoṣaṃ ca tathā priye .. 6 ..

> and of those who eat food cooked by others and delight in other men's wives. / A gift that is irrevocable and flawed is also useless, O beloved! // 6  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.7)

ārūḍhapatite caiva anyāyopārjitaṃ dhanam ..  
vṛthā brahmahane dānaṃ patite taskare tathā .. 7 ..

> So too, wealth acquired unjustly given to one who has fallen from an ascetic vow, / a gift to a killer of a brahmin, to an outcaste, and likewise to a thief is useless; // 7  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.8)

guroścāprītijanane kṛtaghne grāmayājake ..  
brahmabandhau ca yaddattaṃ yaddattaṃ vṛṣalīpatau .. 8 ..

> and what is given to one who causes displeasure to his guru, to an ungrateful person, to a village priest, / to a degraded brahmin, and what is given to the husband of a Śūdra woman; // 8  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.9)

vedavikrayiṇe caiva yasya copapatirgṛhe ..  
strīnirjite ca yaddattaṃ vṛthādānāni ṣoḍaśa .. 9 ..

> and to a seller of the Veda, and to him in whose house there is a paramour, / and what is given to one conquered by a woman—these are the sixteen useless gifts. // 9  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.10)

sujanma ca suputrāṇāṃ ye ca dharme ratā narāḥ ..  
pravāsaṃ na ca gacchaṃti paradāraparāṅmukhāḥ .. 7.1.208.10 ..

> And auspicious is the birth of virtuous sons, and of men devoted to dharma, / who do not wander abroad, and who turn away from other men's wives. // 10  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.11)

gāvaḥ suvarṇaṃ rajataṃ ratnāni ca sarasvatī ..  
tilāḥ kanyā gajośvaśca śayyā vastraṃ tathā mahī .. 11 ..

> Cows, gold, silver, jewels, and Sarasvatī \[i.e., books\], / sesame seeds, a maiden, an elephant, a horse, a bed, clothing, and land, // 11  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.12)

dhānyaṃ payaśca cchatraṃ ca gṛhaṃ copaskarānvitam..  
etānyeva mahādevi mahādānāni ṣoḍaśa .. 12 ..

> grain, milk, an umbrella, and a house furnished with utensils: / these indeed, O Great Goddess, are the sixteen great gifts. // 12  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.13)

garvāvṛtastu yo dadyādbhayātkrodhāttathaiva ca ..  
bhuṃkte dānaphalaṃ taddhi garbhastho nātra saṃśaya .. 13 ..

> He who gives enveloped in pride, or out of fear, or out of anger, / enjoys the fruit of that gift while remaining in the womb; there is no doubt about this. // 13  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.14)

bālatve'pi ca so'śnāti yaddattaṃ daṃbhakāraṇāt ..  
manyunā maṃtunā caiva tathaivārthasya kāraṇāt .. 14 ..

> And he enjoys in childhood what was given on account of hypocrisy, / grief, or offense, and likewise for the sake of wealth. // 14  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.15)

deśe kāle ca pātre ca śuddhena manasā tathā ..  
nyāyārjitaṃ ca yo dadyādyauvane sa tadaśnute .. 15 ..

> He who gives justly acquired wealth with a pure mind, / in \[the proper\] place, time, and to a worthy recipient, enjoys it in youth. // 15  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.16)

anyāyenārjitaṃ dravyamapātre pratipāditam ..  
kliṣṭaṃ ca vidhihīnaṃ ca vṛddhabhāve tadaśnute..16..

> Wealth acquired unlawfully, presented to an unworthy recipient, / obtained with hardship, or devoid of proper rite—that he experiences in old age. (16)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.17)

tasmāddeśe ca kāle ca supātre vidhinā naraḥ..  
śubhārjitaṃ prayuñjīta śraddhayā śāṭhyavarjitaḥ.. 17..

> Therefore, in the proper place and time, to a worthy recipient according to rule, / a man should give what was auspiciously acquired, with faith and free of deceit. (17)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.18)

svādhyāyāḍhyaṃ yogavaṃtaṃ praśāṃtaṃ purāṇajñaṃ pāpabhīruṃ vadānyam..  
strīṣu kṣāntaṃ dhārmikaṃ gośaraṇyaṃ vrataiḥ krāntaṃ tādṛśaṃ pātramāhuḥ..18..

> Rich in Vedic study, endowed with yoga, peaceful, knowing the Purāṇas, fearing sin, generous, / patient with women, righteous, a protector of cows, steeped in vows—such a man they call a worthy recipient. (18)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.19)

satyaṃ damastapaḥ śaucaṃ santoṣo'nairṣyamārjavam ..  
jñānaṃ śamo dayā dānametatpātrasya lakṣaṇam .. 19 ..

> Truth, self-restraint, austerity, purity, contentment, absence of envy, uprightness, / knowledge, calm, compassion, charity—these are the characteristics of a worthy recipient. (19)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.20)

evaṃvidhe tu yatpātre gāmekāṃ tu prayacchati ..  
samānavatsāṃ kapilāṃ dhenuṃ sarvaguṇānvitām .. 7.1.208.20 ..

> When one gives even a single cow to such a worthy recipient— / a brown cow with a matching calf, endowed with all auspicious marks, (20)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.21)

raupyapādāṃ svarṇaśṛṅgīṃ rudraloke mahīyate ..  
ekāṃ gāṃ daśagurdadyādgośatī ca tathā daśa .. 21 ..

> with silver hooves and gold horns—he is glorified in the world of Rudra. / A master of ten cows should give one cow, and a master of a hundred cows likewise ten. (21)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.22)

śataṃ sahasragurdadyātsarve samaphalāḥ smṛtāḥ ..  
suśīlā somasaṃpannā taruṇī ca payasvinī ..  
savatsā nyāyalabdhā ca pradeyā brāhmaṇāya gauḥ .. 22 ..

> A master of a thousand cows should give a hundred; they are all held to have equal fruit. / Good-natured, beautiful, young, yielding milk, / with her calf and lawfully obtained—\[such\] a cow should be given to a brahmin. (22)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.23)

vaṃdhyā sarogā hīnāṃgī duṣṭā vṛddhā mṛtaprajā ..  
anyāyalabdhā dūrasthā nedṛśī gāṃ pradāpayet .. 23 ..

> Barren, diseased, deficient in limbs, vicious, aged, one whose offspring have died, / unlawfully acquired, or living far away—such a cow one should not give. (23)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.24)

yo hīdṛśīṃ gāṃ dadāti devoddeśena mānavaḥ ..  
pratyutādhogatiṃ yāti kliśyate ca maheśvari .. 24 ..

> For a man who gives such a cow dedicating it to a deity, / on the contrary goes to a downward state and suffers, O great goddess. (24)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.25)

ruṣṭā kliṣṭā durbalā vyādhitā ca na dātavyā yā ca mūlyairadattaiḥ ..  
leśo viprebhyo yayā jāyate vai tasyā dātuścāphalāḥ sarvalokāḥ .. 25 ..

> Angry, distressed, feeble, diseased, and acquired without paying the price—she should not be given; / if trouble arises for brahmins through her, all worlds are rendered fruitless for the giver. (25)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.26)

atithaye praśāntāya sīdate cāhitāgnaye ..  
śrotriyāya tathaikāpi dattā bahuguṇā bhavet .. 26 ..

> To a peaceful guest who is in distress, who maintains the sacred fires, / and is learned in the Veda—even a single cow given becomes manifold. (26)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.27)

gāṃ vikrīṇāti ceddevi brāhmaṇo jñānadurbalaḥ ..  
nāsau praśasyate pātraṃ brāhmaṇo naiva sa smṛtaḥ .. 27 ..

> If a brahmin weak in knowledge sells the cow, O goddess, / he is not praised as a worthy recipient, nor indeed is he considered a brahmin. (27)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.28)

bahubhyo na pradeyāni gaurgṛhaṃ śayanaṃ striyaḥ ..  
vibhaktā dakṣiṇā hyeṣā dātāraṃ nopatiṣṭhati .. 28 ..

> A cow, a house, a bed, and women must not be given to many; / for this sacrificial gift, when divided, does not stand by the giver. (28)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.29)

prāsādā yatra sauvarṇāḥ śayyā ravrojjvalāstathā ..  
varāścāpsaraso yatra tatra gacchaṃti gopradāḥ .. 29 ..

> Where palaces are golden, and couches are bright as the sun, / and where there are excellent apsarases—there go the givers of cows. (29)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.30)

nāsti bhūmisamaṃ dānaṃ nāsti gaṃgāsamā sarit ..  
nāsti satyātparo dharmo nānyo devo maheśvarāt .. .. 7.1.208.30 ..

> There is no gift equal to land; there is no river equal to the Gaṅgā; / there is no dharma higher than truth; there is no deity other than Maheśvara. (30)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.31)

uccaiḥ pāṣāṇayuktā ca na samā naiva coṣarā ..  
na nadīkūlavikaṭā bhūmirdeyā kadācana .. 31 ..

> High, full of stones, uneven, and salty barren ground, / or rugged land on riverbanks—such land should never be given. (31)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.32)

ṣaṣṭivarṣasahasrāṇi svarge vasati bhūmidaḥ ..  
ācchettā cānumaṃtā ca tānyeva narakaṃ vrajet ..32..

> The giver of land dwells in heaven for sixty thousand years; / the one who seizes it or approves of its seizure goes to hell for the very same period. (32)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.33)

kurute puruṣaḥ pāpaṃ yatkiñcidvṛttikarśitaḥ ..  
api gocarmamātreṇa bhūmidānena śuddhyati .. 33 ..

> Whatever sin a man commits when reduced to poverty in livelihood, / he is purified even by a gift of land measuring only a gocarma. (33)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.34)

chatraṃ śayyāsanaṃ śaṃkho gajāśvāścāmarāḥ striyaḥ ..  
bhūmiścaiṣāṃ pradānasya śivalokaḥ phalaṃ smṛtam .. 34 ..

> An umbrella, a bed and seat, a conch, elephants, horses, chowries, women, / and land: the world of Śiva is remembered as the fruit of giving these. (34)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.35)

āditye'hani saṃkrāṃtau grahaṇe candra sūryayoḥ ..  
pāraṇaiścaiva godāne nopoṣyaḥ pautravāngṛhī .. 35 ..

> On a Sunday, on a saṃkrānti, during an eclipse of the moon or the sun, / on days of breaking a fast, and during the gift of a cow, a householder having grandsons should not fast. (35)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.36)

indukṣaye tu saṃkrāntyāmekādaśyāṃ śate kṛte ..  
upavāsaṃ na kurvīta yadīcchetsaṃtatiṃ dhruvam.. 36 ..

> At the disappearance of the moon, at a saṃkrānti, on the eleventh lunar day, and when a century \[of fasts\] is completed, / one should not observe a fast if he desires continuous lineage. (36)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.37)

yathā śuklā tathā kṛṣṇā na viśeṣo'sti kaścana ..  
tathāpi vardhate dharmaḥ śuklāyāmeva sarvadā .. 37 ..

> As is the bright fortnight, so is the dark; there is no distinction whatsoever. / Nevertheless, merit always increases on the bright \[fortnight\] alone. (37)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.38)

daśamyekādaśīviddhā dvādaśī ca kṣayaṃ gatā ..  
naktaṃ tatra prakurvīta nopavāso vidhīyate .. 38 ..

> When the eleventh day is touched by the tenth and the twelfth is diminished, / one should observe the night fast there; a complete fast is not prescribed. (38)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.39)

upoṣyaikādaśīṃ yastu trayodaśyāṃ tu pāraṇam ..  
karoti tasya naśyettu dvādaśa dadvādaśīphalam..39..

> He who fasts on the eleventh day and breaks the fast on the thirteenth / loses the fruit of the twelve dvādaśī \[fasts\]. (39)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.40)

upavāse tathā śrāddhe na khādeddantadhāvanam..  
dantānāṃ kāṣṭhasaṃgācca hanti saptakulāni vai..7.1.208.40..

> During a fast and at a śrāddha, one should not use a tooth-cleaning stick; / by contact of the teeth with wood, one destroys indeed seven generations. (40)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.41)

darśaṃ ca paurṇamāsaṃ ca pituḥ sāṃvatsaraṃ dinam..  
pūrvaviddhamakurvāṇo narakaṃ pratipadyate .. 41 ..

> The new moon, the full moon, and the annual day of one's father: / not performing them when overlapped by the previous day, one falls into hell. (41)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.42)

hāniśca saṃtateḥ proktā daurbhāgyaṃ samavāpnuyāt ..  
dravyābhāvetha śrāddhasya vidhiṃ vakṣyāmi tattvataḥ .. 42 ..

> And loss of offspring is declared; he would incur misfortune. / In the absence of wealth, I shall explain the rule of the śrāddha in truth: (42)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.43)

ekenāpi hi vipreṇa ṣaṭpiṇḍaṃ śrāddhamācaret ..  
ṣaḍarghyānpārayettatra tebhyo dadyādyathāvidhi .. 43 ..

> With even a single brahmin, one should perform the six-piṇḍa śrāddha; / one should offer six water offerings there and give to them according to rule. (43)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.44)

pitā bhuṃkte dvija kare mukhe bhuṃkte pitāmahaḥ ..  
prapitāmahastālusthaḥ kaṇṭhe mātāmahaḥ smṛtaḥ .. 44 ..

> The father eats in the brahmin's hand; the grandfather eats in his mouth; / the great-grandfather is in the palate; the maternal grandfather is held to be in the throat. (44)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.45](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.45)

pramātāmahastu hṛdaye vṛddho nābhau tu saṃsthitaḥ ..  
alābhe brāhmaṇasyaiva kuśaḥ kāryo dvijaḥ priye ..  
idaṃ sarvapurāṇebhyaḥ sāramuddhatya cocyate .. 45 ..

> The maternal great-grandfather is in the heart, and the elder is established in the navel. / In the absence of a brahmin, dear lady, a brahmin should be made of kuśa grass. / This is declared having extracted the essence from all the Purāṇas. (45)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.46](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.46)

na caitannāstike deyaṃ piśune vedanindake ..  
prātaḥprātaridaṃ śrāvyaṃ pūjayitvā maheśvaram.. 46 ..

> And this must not be given to an atheist, a slanderer, or a reviler of the Vedas. / This should be recited morning after morning having worshipped Maheśvara. (46)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.47](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.47)

kulīnaṃ sarvaśāstrajñaṃ yathā devaṃ maheśvaram ..  
asya dharmasya vaktāraṃ chatraṃ dadyātprapūjayet .. 47 ..

> One should give an umbrella and worship the speaker of this dharma, / high-born and learned in all the scriptures, just like the god Maheśvara. (47)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.48)

apūjyādvācakādyastu ślokamekaṃ śṛṇoti ca ..  
nāsau puṇyamavāpnoti śāstracauraḥ smṛto hi saḥ .. 48 ..

> He who hears even a single verse from an unworthy reader / does not attain merit; indeed, he is remembered as a thief of scripture. (48)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.49](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.49)

tasmātsarvaprayatnena pūjayedvācakaṃ budhaḥ ..  
anyathā niṣphalaṃ tasya pustakaśravaṇaṃ bhavet.. 49 ..

> Therefore, the wise person should worship the reciter with every effort. / Otherwise, his listening to the book will become fruitless. (49)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.50](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.50)

yasyaiva tiṣṭhate gehe śāstrametatsadurlabham ..  
tasya devi gṛhe tīrthaiḥ saha tiṣṭhecchivaḥ svayam .. 7.1.208.50 ..

> In whose house this exceedingly rare treatise stays, / in his house, O goddess, Śiva himself dwells together with the sacred fords. (50)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.51](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.51)

bahunātra kimuktena bhavenmokṣasya bhājanam ..  
na caitatpiśune deyaṃ nāstike daṃbhasaṃyute . 51 ..

> What is the use of speaking much here? He will become a vessel of liberation. / But this must not be given to a slanderer, an atheist, or one filled with hypocrisy. (51)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.52](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.52)

idaṃ śāntāya dāntāya deyaṃ śaivadvijanmane .. 52 ..

> This should be given to a peaceful, self-controlled, twice-born follower of Śiva. (52)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

### [16.208.208](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208.208)

iti śrīskāṃde mahāpurāṇa ekāśītisāhasryāṃ saṃhitāyāṃ saptame prabhāsakhaṇḍe prathame prabhāsakṣetramāhātmye śrāddhakalpe dānapātrabrāhmaṇamāhātmyavarṇanaṃnāmāṣṭottaradviśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ .. 208 ..

> Thus ends the two-hundred-and-eighth chapter, entitled 'Description of the Glory of a Brahmin as a Worthy Recipient of Gifts in the Rite of Śrāddha', in the First Prabhāsa-kṣetra-māhātmya, in the Seventh Prabhāsakhaṇḍa, in the glorious Skanda Mahāpurāṇa consisting of eighty-one thousand verses. (208)  
> — English (machine translation) (machine translation)

## Translations (1)

- [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda~en-mt.16.208.1) — English, machine translation

## Linked texts (2)

- [Kālaviveka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.kalaviveka.77.p1.76) — Jīmūtavāhana, Sanskrit
- [Kālanirṇaya (Kālamādhavīya)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.kalamadhaviya.12.p44) — Mādhava, Sanskrit

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Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.16.208) · Pramāṇa