[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Purāṇas](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana) › [Skandapurana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda) › 2.7.20 # Skandapurana 2.7.20 Skandapurāṇa 2.7.20 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [2.7.20.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.24) "vālmīke:pūrvajanmasyakathā "vyādha-uvāca.. kiṃ jīvā vibhunā sṛṣṭāḥ koṭiśo'tha sahasraśaḥ.. dṛśyante bhinnakarmāṇo nānāmārgāḥ sanātanāḥ..1.. naikasvabhāvā ete hi kuta eva mahāmate.. sarvaṃ tatpṛcchate mahyaṃ vistarāttattvato vada ..2.. "śaṃkha uvāca. trividhā jīvasaṃghā hi rajaḥsattvatamoguṇāḥ.. rājasā rājasaṃ karma tāmasāstāmasaṃ tathā..3.. sāttvikāḥ sāttvikaṃ karma kurvaṃtyete yathākramam.. kvacicca guṇavaiṣamyameteṣāṃ saṃsṛtau bhavet..4.. tenaivoccāvacaṃ karma kurvaṃtaḥ phalabhāginaḥ.. kvacitsukhaṃ kvacidduḥkhaṃ kvaciccobhayameva ca..5.. guṇānāmeva vaiṣamyātprāpnuvanti narā ime.. prakṛtisthā ime jīvā baddhā etairguṇaistribhiḥ..6.. guṇakarmā'nurūpeṇa karmaṇāṃ vyatyayaḥ phalam .. guṇānuguṇyaṃ bhūyaste prakṛtiṃ yāntyamī janāḥ..7.. prakṛtisthāḥ prākṛtikā guṇakarmā'bhimūrchitāḥ .. gatiṃ prākṛtikīṃ yāṃti vyatyayaḥ prakṛterna hi..8.. tāmasā duḥkhabahulāḥ sadā tāmasavṛttayaḥ .. nirdayā niṣṭhurā loke sadā dveṣaikajīvinaḥ ..9.. rākṣasādyāḥ piśācāṃtāstāmasīṃ yāṃti vai gatim.. rājasā miśramatayaḥ kartāraḥ puṇyapāpayoḥ .. 2.7.20.10.. puṇyātsvargaṃ prāpnuvanti kvacitpāpācca yātanām.. ata ete mandabhāgyā āvartaṃte punaḥ punaḥ..11.. dharmaśīlā dayāvantaḥ śraddhāvanto'nasūyakāḥ.. sāttvikāḥ sāttvikīṃ vṛttimanutiṣṭhaṃta āsate..12.. te cordhvaṃ yāṃti vimalā guṇāpāye mahaujasaḥ.. vibhinnakarmaṇāṃ cātaḥ pṛthagbhāvāḥ pṛthagvidhāḥ..13.. guṇakarmānurūpeṇa teṣāṃ viṣṇurmahāprabhuḥ .. karmāṇi kārayatyaddhā svasvarūpāptaye vibhuḥ..14.. viṣṇorvaiṣamyanairghṛṇye pūrṇakāmasya vai nahi .. sṛṣṭiṃ sthitiṃ hṛtiṃ caiva samāmeva karotyayam..15.. svaguṇādeva te sarve karmaṇaḥ phalabhāginaḥ .. ārāmoptānyathā sarvānsamaṃ varṣayati drumān..16.. ekakulyājalā hyaṃga drumāśca prakṛtiṃ gatāḥ.. nārāmoptari vaiṣamyaṃ nairghṛṇyaṃ vā kathaṃcana ..17.. "vyādha uvāca.. janānāṃ pūrṇabhogānāṃ kadā muktirbhavenmune .. sṛṣṭikāle'thavā hyaṃtakāle vā sthāpanasya ca..18.. kvacicca sṛṣṭikālasya saṃhārasyā'pi vai sthiteḥ.. etadvistārya me brahmanbhagavacceṣṭitaṃ vada..19.. .. ..śaṃkha uvāca.. caturyugasahasrāṇi brahmaṇo dinamucyate.. rātriśca tāvatī tasya hyahorātraṃ dinaṃ bhavet.. 2.7.20.20.. daśapañcadinānyāhuḥ pakṣaṃ māso dvayātmakaḥ.. māsadvayamṛtuṃ prāhurayanaṃ ca ṛtutrayam ..21.. ayane dve vatsaraḥ syāttādṛkcchatasamā yadi.. gacchaṃti brahmaṇo hyasya brahmakalpaṃ tadā viduḥ.. 22.. tāvānhi pralayaḥ kāla iti vedavidāṃ matam .. pralayastrividhaḥ prokto mānavo mānavātyaye ..23.. dainaṃdino dvitīyo hi brahmaṇo divasātyaye .. brahmaṇo'tha laye paścādbrāhmaṃ ca pralayaṃ viduḥ..24. > The story of Vālmīki's previous birth. > The hunter said: > "Were living beings created by the omnipresent Lord by the millions and thousands? > Eternal, they are seen to have diverse actions and various paths. / 1 > Whence do these \[beings\] have not a single nature, O highly intelligent one? > To me who ask all this, speak in full according to the truth." / 2 > Śaṅkha said: > "Living beings are threefold indeed, possessing the qualities of rajas, sattva, and tamas. > Rājasic beings perform rājasic actions; likewise, tāmasic beings perform tāmasic actions. / 3 > Sāttvic beings perform sāttvic actions, each in due order. > And sometimes, an inequality of qualities arises for them in the cycle of worldly existence. / 4 > Performing high and low actions by that very reason, they share in their fruits: > sometimes happiness, sometimes misery, and sometimes both together. / 5 > These men attain \[such states\] solely through the inequality of the qualities. > Abiding in material nature, these living beings are bound by these three qualities. / 6 > According to quality and action, there is a variation of fruits for actions. > By the conformity to their qualities, these people repeatedly return to material nature. / 7 > Abiding in material nature, bound to material nature, bewildered by qualities and actions, > they go to the material destiny; indeed, there is no departure from material nature. / 8 > Tāmasic beings are full of misery, ever having tāmasic conduct, > pitiless, harsh in the world, ever living solely on malice. / 9 > Beginning with the rākṣasas and ending with the piśācas, they certainly attain a tāmasic destiny. > Rājasic beings have mixed minds, performers of merit and sin. / 10 > Through merit they attain heaven, and sometimes through sin, torment. > Therefore, these unfortunate ones revolve again and again. / 11 > Righteous in conduct, compassionate, full of faith, free from envy, > sāttvic beings remain practicing sāttvic conduct. / 12 > And they, spotless and possessed of great splendor, go upward when the qualities depart. > And therefore, beings of diverse actions have diverse states of various kinds. / 13 > According to their qualities and actions, Lord Viṣṇu, the supreme master, > truly impels them to deeds, the omnipresent one, so they may attain their true nature. / 14 > Partiality and cruelty do not belong to Viṣṇu, whose desires are fully fulfilled; > he carries out creation, preservation, and destruction with complete impartiality. / 15 > Solely through their own qualities do all of them partake in the fruit of action, > just as \[rain\] falls equally on all the trees planted in a garden. / 16 > Watered by a single channel, dear one, the trees follow their own nature; > there is no partiality or cruelty whatever in the planter of the garden." / 17 > The hunter said: > "When can there be liberation for people who have fully experienced their fruits, O sage? > Is it at the time of creation, or at the time of end, or of maintenance? / 18 > And also, Brahman, explain to me in detail the time of creation, dissolution, and maintenance— > speak of this activity of the Lord." / 19 > Śaṅkha said: > "A thousand sets of four yugas is said to be a day of Brahmā, > and his night is of equal length; a day and night constitutes \[one full\] day. / 20 > Fifteen days they call a fortnight; a month consists of two \[fortnights\]. > Two months they call a season, and three seasons an ayana. / 21 > Two ayanas make a year. If a hundred such years > pass for this Brahmā, they know that as a brahmakalpa. / 22 > The period of dissolution is of equal length: such is the view of knowers of the Veda. > Dissolution is declared to be threefold: human, at the end of a Manu's period; / 23 > the second is daily, at the end of Brahmā's day; > and after the dissolution of Brahmā, they know it as the brāhma dissolution." / 24 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.48) brahmaṇastu muhūrte tu manostu pralayaṃ viduḥ .. pralayeṣu vyatīteṣu caturdaśasu vai kramāt ..25.. dainaṃdinalayaṃ prāhuḥ pralayānāṃ sthitiṃ punaḥ.. trayāṇāmeva lokānāṃ layo manvaṃtare bhavet ..26.. cetanānāṃ tadā nāśo na lokānāṃ kṣayo bhavet.. udakaireva pūrtiśca yathā pūrvaṃ tathā punaḥ ..27.. manvaṃtarāṃte bhūyāttu cetanānāṃ punarbhavaḥ .. dainaṃdinalaye vyādha sarvasyāpi kṣayo bhavet ..28.. satyalokaṃ vinā sarve lokā naśyaṃti sādhipāḥ.. sacetanāḥ sādhibhūtāḥ prasupte caturānane ..29.. tattvābhimānino devāḥ kecicca munayastathā .. śiṣyaṃti suptāḥ sarve'pi satyalokavyavasthitāḥ.. 2.7.20.30.. tiṣṭhaṃti suptimāpannā yāvatkalpamatīṃdriyāḥ .. punarniśātyaye brahmā yathāpūrvamakalpayat ..31.. ṛṣīndevānpitṝm̐llokāndharmānvarṇānpṛthakpṛthak .. punardaśāvatārā hi viṣṇordevasya cakriṇaḥ ..32.. niyamena bhavaṃtyete tathānye'pi ca bhūriśaḥ .. devatā ṛṣayaścaiva ākalpaṃ ca girāṃ pateḥ ..33.. punarevā'bhivartaṃte brahmaṇā saha muktigāḥ.. bhūpāśca sādhavo ye ca siddhiṃ prāptāḥ paraṃgatāḥ ..34.. tenaiva cābhivartaṃte satyalokavyavasthitāḥ .. tadrāśigāḥ punaryāṃti tannāmnā śrutisaṃsthitāḥ..35.. tattadgotreṣu jāyaṃte tattatkarmaratāḥ sadā .. daityānāmapi sarveṣāṃ yadā kaliyugātyayaḥ ..36.. kalinā saha gacchaṃti svāṃ gatiṃ nirayālayāḥ.. teṣāṃ ca rāśisaṃsthā ye tannāmāno'pare'pi ca..37.. jāyante karmaṇā svena tattatkarmavidhāyakāḥ.. sṛṣṭikālaṃ pravakṣyāmi muktikālaṃ tathaiva ca ..38.. brahmādīnāṃ ca devānāṃ samāhitamanā bhava .. nimeṣo devadevasya brahmakalpasamo mataḥ..39.. tasyāvasāne conmeṣo devadevaśikhāmaṇeḥ.. nimeṣāṃ'te bhavedicchā sraṣṭuṃ lokāṃśca kukṣigān.. 2.7.20.40.. so'paśyatsvodare sarvāñjīvasaṃghānanekaśaḥ.. sṛjyānmuktānamṛnsarvām̐ liṃgabhaṃgamupāgatān ..41.. suptāḥ sṛtisthāḥ sarve'pi tamogā api sarvaśaḥ.. pūrvakalpe liṃgabhaṃgamāpannā vidhipūrvakāḥ ..42.. mānavāṃtā jīvakośā jīvanmuktāśca muktigāḥ .. pūrvakalpe vimuktāśca brahmādyā mānavāṃtakāḥ..43.. dhyānasaṃsthā hi tiṣṭhaṃti viṣṇukukṣigatā api .. unmeṣasyādime bhāge caturvyūhātmako vibhuḥ..44.. bhūtvā tu pūrvasādguṇyādvāsudevācca vyūhagāt .. dattvā tu brahmaṇo muktiṃ sāyujyākhyāṃ mahāvibhuḥ ..45.. dattvā tadanu sāyujyaṃ tattvajñānaṃ mahātmanām .. sārūpyaṃ caiva keṣāṃcitsāmīpyaṃ ca tathā vibhuḥ.. 46.. sālokyaṃ ca tathā'nyeṣāṃ dattvā devo janārdanaḥ .. aniruddhavaśe sarvānsthitām̐llokānalokayat..47.. pradyumnasya vaśe dattvā sṛṣṭiṃ kartuṃ mano dadhe.. māyāṃ jayāṃ kṛtiṃ śāṃtimupayeme svayaṃ hariḥ..48. > In a muhūrta of Brahmā, however, they know of the dissolution of a Manu. / When fourteen dissolutions have passed in succession, / they speak of the daily dissolution, and again of the duration of the dissolutions. / The dissolution of the three worlds takes place in a manvantara; / then there is destruction of conscious beings, but not a destruction of the worlds. / And there is filling up with waters, just as before, so again / at the end of a manvantara there is the rebirth of conscious beings. / In the daily dissolution, O hunter, there is destruction of everything. / Except for Satyaloka, all worlds perish along with their regents, / along with sentient beings and elemental spirits, when the four-faced one has fallen asleep. / The gods presiding over the principles and some sages likewise, / situated in Satyaloka, remain asleep, all of them. / Having entered sleep, beyond the senses, they remain for as long as a kalpa. / Again, at the end of night, Brahmā fashioned as before / the seers, the gods, the ancestors, the worlds, the duties, and the classes separately. / Again, the ten incarnations of the lord Viṣṇu, holder of the discus, / these occur by fixed rule, and likewise many others. / And the deities and seers, unto the end of the kalpa of the lord of speech, / turn back again, attaining liberation together with Brahmā. / And the virtuous kings who attained perfection and achieved the supreme, / turn back likewise, dwelling in Satyaloka. / Those belonging to that collection go again under that name, established in the Vedas. / They are born in those respective lineages, always devoted to those respective actions. / For all the Daityas too, when the end of the Kali age arrives, / they go to their own state, dwelling in hell, together with Kali. / And those belonging to their collection, and others bearing their names, / are born according to their own karma, performative of those respective acts. / I shall declare the time of creation and likewise the time of liberation / of Brahmā and the other gods; become concentrated in mind. / The closing of the eyes of the god of gods is considered equal to a kalpa of Brahmā; / at the end of that is the opening of the eyes of the crest-jewel among the gods of gods. / At the end of the closing of the eyes, there is the wish to create the worlds resting in his belly. / In his own belly he saw all the multitude of beings manifoldly, / those to be created and those liberated, who have attained the dissolution of the subtle body, / all asleep, those situated in the cycle of birth, and also those in darkness in every way. / In the previous kalpa, those from Brahmā downwards who attained dissolution of the subtle body, / reaching down to humans, the sheaths of living beings, both living-liberated and destined for liberation, / and those liberated in a previous kalpa, from Brahmā down to humans, / remain established in meditation, even while inside Viṣṇu's belly. / In the first part of the eye-opening, the all-pervading lord, having assumed the form of the four emanations, / by his primordial excellence and from Vāsudeva who is part of the emanation, / having bestowed upon Brahmā liberation named sāyujya, the great all-pervading lord, / having then given sāyujya and knowledge of reality to the noble-minded ones, / and sārūpya to some, and sāmīpya likewise, the all-pervading lord, / and having given sālokya to others, the divine Janārdana / looked upon all the worlds situated under the control of Aniruddha. / Giving \[creation\] over to the control of Pradyumna, he set his mind to create; / Hari himself wedded Māyā, Jayā, Kṛti, and Śānti. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.59](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.59) caturvyūhaiḥ pūrṇaguṇairvāsudevādikaiḥ kramāt.. tābhiryukto mahāviṣṇuścaturvyūhātmako vibhuḥ..49.. bhinnakarmāśayaṃ lokaṃ pūrṇakāmo vyajījanat.. unmeṣāṃte punarviṣṇuryogamāyāṃ samāśritaḥ .. 2.7.20.50.. saṃkarṣaṇādvyūhagācca haratyetaccarācaram .. tadetatsarvamākhyātaṃ kāryaṃ ciṃtyaṃ mahātmanaḥ..51.. yadaciṃtyaṃ durvibhāvyaṃ brahmādyairapi yogibhiḥ.. "vyādha uvāca.. ke vā bhāgavatā dharmāḥ kairviṣṇuśca prasīdati..52.. tānahaṃ śrotumicchāmi sāṃprataṃ vada no mune.. ..śaṃkha uvāca.. yena cittaviśuddhiḥ syādyaḥ satāmupakārakaḥ..53.. taṃ viddhi sāttvikaṃ dharmaṃ yaśca kenāpya niṃditaḥ.. śrutismṛtyudito yastu yadi niṣkāmiko bhavet.. 54 .. yastu lokā'viruddho'pi taṃ dharmaṃ sāttvikaṃviduḥ.. caturvidhā hi te dharmā varṇāśramavibhāgataḥ..55.. nityanaimittikāḥ kāmyā iti te ca tridhā matāḥ. te sarve svasvadharmāśca yadā viṣṇoḥ samarpitāḥ.. 56.. tadā vai sāttvikā jñeyā dharmā bhāgavatāḥ śubhāḥ.. devatāṃtaradaivatyāḥ sakāmā rājasā matāḥ..57.. yakṣarakṣaḥpiśācādidaivatyā lokaniṣṭhurāḥ.. hiṃsātmakā niṃditāśca dharmāste tāmasāḥ smṛtāḥ.. 58.. sattvasthāḥ sāttvikāndharmānviṣṇuprītikarāñcchubhān. kurvaṃtyanīhayā nityaṃ te vai bhāgavatāḥ smṛtāḥ..59. > Through the four emanations, Vāsudeva and the rest, possessing complete qualities in succession, / united with them, the great Viṣṇu, the all-pervading lord composed of the four emanations, / his desires fulfilled, brought forth the world with its diverse receptacles of action. / At the end of the eye-opening, Viṣṇu, resorting again to Yogamāyā, / through Saṃkarṣaṇa belonging to the emanation, withdraws this universe of moving and unmoving beings. / All this has been declared: the work of the Great Soul to be meditated upon, / which is unthinkable and difficult to comprehend even by yogins such as Brahmā. > The hunter said: / What are the duties of the Bhāgavatas, by which Viṣṇu is pleased? / I wish to hear them now; speak to us, O sage. > Śaṅkha said: / That by which there is purity of mind, which is beneficial to the good, / know that to be sattvic duty, and that which is blameless by anyone. / That which is enjoined by Śruti and Smṛti, if it is free from desire, / and that which is not opposed to the world, they know that to be sattvic duty. / For these duties are fourfold according to the division of classes and stages of life. / Regular, occasional, and optional: thus they are considered threefold. / When all those duties of one's own are surrendered to Viṣṇu, / then indeed they should be known as sattvic, auspicious Bhāgavata duties. / Duties having other deities as their divinity, accompanied by desire, are considered rajasic. / Having yakṣas, rakṣasas, piśācas, and the like as deities, cruel to the world, / consisting of violence and censured: those duties are recorded as tamasic. / Situated in sattva, people perform sattvic duties, pleasing to Viṣṇu and auspicious, / constantly without selfish longing; they indeed are recorded as Bhāgavatas. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.64](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.64) yeṣāṃ cittaṃ sadā viṣṇau jihvāyāṃ nāma vai vibhoḥ. pādau ca hṛdaye yeṣāṃ te vai bhāgavatāḥ smṛtāḥ.. 2.7.20.60.. sadācāra ratā ye ca sarveṣāmupakārakāḥ .. sadaiva mamatāhīnāste vai bhāgavatāḥ smṛtāḥ..61.. yeṣāṃ ca śāstre viśvāso gurau sādhuṣu karmasu .. ye viṣṇu bhaktāḥ satataṃ te vai bhāgavatāḥ smṛtāḥ .. 62.. yeṣāṃ hi saṃmatā dharmāḥ śāśvatā viṣṇuvallabhāḥ.. śrutismṛtyuditā ye ca te dharmāḥ śāśvatā matāḥ.. 63 .. aṭanaṃ sarvadeśeṣu vīkṣaṇaṃ sarvakarmaṇām .. śravaṇaṃ sarvadharmāṇāṃ viṣayā''saktacetasām..64. > Those whose mind is always on Viṣṇu, whose tongue bears the name of the lord, / and whose feet and heart are set on him: they indeed are remembered as Bhāgavatas. / And those who are devoted to right conduct, beneficial to all, / and always free from possessiveness: they indeed are remembered as Bhāgavatas. / Those who have faith in scripture, in the guru, in good deeds, / who are constantly devoted to Viṣṇu: they indeed are remembered as Bhāgavatas. / Those by whom duties that are eternal and dear to Viṣṇu are approved, / and those enjoined by Śruti and Smṛti: those duties are regarded as eternal. / Wandering through all regions, witnessing all actions, / hearing all duties, for those whose minds are attached to sensory objects, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65) akiṃcitkarameteṣāṃ ṣaṃḍhasyeva varastriyaḥ .. sādhūnāṃ darśanenaiva mano dravati vai satām..65. > effects nothing for them, just as excellent women \[are nothing\] to a eunuch. / Merely by the sight of the virtuous, the mind of the good surely melts, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_1) caṃdrasya kaumudīsaṃgāccaṃdrakāṃtaśilā yathā .. > as the moonstone \[melts\] from contact with the moonlight of the moon. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_2) kvacitsacchāstraśravaṇādviṣayai rahitaṃ manaḥ ..66.. > Sometimes, from hearing good scriptures, the mind is devoid of sense-objects; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_3) tiṣṭhatyeva satāṃ puṃsāṃ tejorūpaṃ hyakalmaṣam .. > it stands indeed for virtuous men, luminous in form and stainless, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_4) padmabandhoḥ prabhāsaṃgātsūryakāṃtaśilā yathā ..67.. > like the sunstone from contact with the radiance of the friend of the lotus. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_5) niṣkāmairhi janairyaistu śraddhayā samupāśritaḥ.. > For by those desireless persons who have resorted to it with faith, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_6) yo viṣṇuvallabho nityaṃ dharmo bhāgavato mataḥ.. 68.. > which is constantly dear to Viṣṇu, duty is considered to be of the Bhāgavatas. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_7) tairdṛṣṭā vahavo dharmā ihā'mutra phalapradāḥ.. > By them are seen many duties granting fruit here and in the hereafter. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_8) viṣṇuprītikarāḥ sūkṣmāḥ sarvaduḥkhavimocakāḥ..69.. > Pleasing to Viṣṇu, subtle, releasing \[one\] from all suffering. (69) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_9) dadhnaḥ sāramivoddhṛtya dharmaṃ vaiśākhasaṃbhavam .. > Extracting the essence of the religious duty belonging to Vaiśākha like \[churning\] essence from curds, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_10) ramāyai bhagavānāha kṣīrābdhau hitakāmyayā .. 2.7.20.70.. > the Lord spoke \[it\] to Ramā in the milk-ocean out of a desire for \[the world's\] welfare: (70) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_11) mārgacchāyāvinirmāṇaṃ prapādānaṃ ca vai tathā .. > Providing roadside shade and giving water-booths, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_12) vyajanairvyajanaṃ caiva praśrayāṇāṃ samarpaṇam ..71.. > fanning with fans, and offering resting places; (71) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_13) chatrasyopānahordānaṃ dānaṃ karpūragandhayoḥ .. > the gift of an umbrella and shoes, the gift of camphor and fragrant scents, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_14) vāpīkūpataḍāgānāṃ nirmāṇaṃ vibhave sati ..72.. > the construction of stepped wells, wells, and tanks according to one's wealth; (72) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_15) sāyāhne pānakasyāpi dānaṃ tu kusumasya ca .. > the gift of sweet cooling drinks in the late afternoon, and flowers; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_16) tāṃbūladānaṃ pāpaghnaṃ gorasānāṃ viśeṣataḥ ..73.. > the gift of betel that destroys sins, and especially dairy products; (73) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_17) lavaṇānvitatakrasya dānaṃ śrāṃtāya vai pathi .. > the gift of salted buttermilk to one exhausted on the road, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_18) abhyaṃgakaraṇaṃ caiva dvijapādāvanejanam ..74.. > performing oil-massage, and washing the feet of brahmins; (74) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_19) kaṭakambalaparyaṃkadānaṃ godānameva ca.. > the gift of a mat, a blanket, and a bed, and the gift of cows; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_20) madhuyuktatilānāṃ ca dānaṃ pāpavināśanam ..75.. > and the gift of sesame mixed with honey, which destroys sins; (75) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_21) sāyāhne cekṣudaṇḍānāṃ dānamurvārukasya ca .. > the gift of sugarcane stalks in the late afternoon, and of cucumber; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_22) rasāyanapradānaṃ ca pitṛnirvāpaṇaṃ tathā ..76.. > the distribution of elixirs, and likewise offerings to the ancestors. (76) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_23) ete dharmāpi śiṣyoktā māse'sminmādhavapriye.. > These religious duties too have been taught to disciples in this month dear to Mādhava. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_24) prātaḥ sūryodaye snātvā śṛṇvandvijakuleritam..77.. > Having bathed at sunrise in the morning, listening to what is recited by the foremost brahmin, (77) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_25) nityakarmāṇi kṛtvaivaṃ madhusūdanamarcayet .. > and having performed daily rites in this way, one should worship Madhusūdana. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_26) kathāṃ mādhavamāsīyāṃ śṛṇuyācca samāhitaḥ..78.. > With an attentive mind, one should listen to the narrative concerning the month of Mādhava. (78) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_27) tailābhyaṃgaṃ varjayecca kāṃsyapātre tu bhojanam .. > One should avoid oil-massage and eating from a bronze vessel; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_28) niṣiddhabhakṣaṇaṃ caiva vṛthā''lāpaṃ tu varjayet .. 79.. > one should avoid forbidden foods, and idle conversation. (79) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_29) alābuṃ gṛṃjaraṃ caiva laśunaṃ tilapiṣṭakam.. > Bottle gourd, carrot, garlic, and sesame paste, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_30) āranālaṃ bhissaṭaṃ ca ghṛtakośātakīṃ tathā..2.7.20.80.. > fermented rice-water, \*bhissaṭa\*, and \*ghṛtakośātakī\* gourd, (80) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_31) upodakīṃ kaliṃgaṃ ca śigruśākaṃ ca varjayet .. > Indian spinach, \*kaliṅga\*, and drumstick leaves—these one must avoid; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_32) niṣpāvāni kulitthāni masūrāṇi ca varjayet.. 81.. > flat beans, horse gram, and lentils one must also avoid. (81) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_33) vṛṃtākāni kaliṃgāni kodravāṇi ca varjayet.. > Eggplants, watermelons, and kodo millet one must avoid; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_34) taṃdulīyakaśākaṃ ca kausumbhaṃ mūlakaṃ tathā..82.. > \*taṇḍulīyaka\* greens, safflower, and radish; (82) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_35) auduṃbaraṃ bilvaphalaṃ tathā śleṣmā takīphalam .. > cluster-fig fruit, bael fruit, and the fruit of the \*śleṣmātaka\* tree— > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_36) sarvathā varjayedvidvānmāse'sminmādhavapriye ..83.. > a wise person should strictly avoid all these in this month dear to Mādhava. (83) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_37) eteṣvanyatamaṃ bhuktvā sa caṃḍālo bhaveddhruvam .. > Eating any one of these, he certainly becomes an outcaste; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_38) tiryagyoniśataṃ yāti nātra kāryā vicāraṇā..84.. > he passes through a hundred animal wombs; on this there is no doubt. (84) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_39) evaṃ māsavrataṃ kuryātprītaye madhughātinaḥ.. > Thus one should observe the monthly vow for the pleasure of the slayer of Madhu. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_40) evaṃ vrate samāpte tu pratimāṃ kārayedvibhoḥ..85.. > And when the vow is thus concluded, one should have an image of the Lord made, (85) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_41) madhusūdanadaivatyāṃ savastrāṃ ca sadakṣiṇām .. > dedicated to Madhusūdana, accompanied by garments and an offering of fees, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_42) svarcitāṃ vibhavaiḥ sarvairbrāhmaṇāya nivedayet ..86.. > and, having worshipped it well with all resources, present it to a brahmin. (86) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_43) vaiśākhasitadvādaśyāṃ dadyāddadhyannamaṃjasā .. > On the bright twelfth day of Vaiśākha, one should duly offer curd-rice, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_44) sodakumbhaṃ satāṃbūlaṃ saphalaṃ ca sadakṣiṇam..87.. > along with a water jar, betel, fruit, and a sacrificial fee: (87) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_45](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_45) dadāmi dharmarājāya tena prīṇātu vai yamaḥ.. > “I give \[this\] to Dharmarāja; through this may Yama be pleased.” > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_46](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_46) apasavyātsamuccārya nāmagotre pitustataḥ..88.. > Then, having recited from the sacred thread over the right shoulder the name and lineage of one's father, (88) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_47](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_47) dadyāddadhyannamakṣayyaṃ pitṝṇāṃ tṛptihetave .. > one should give imperishable curd-rice for the satisfaction of the ancestors; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_48) gurubhyaśca tathā dadyātpaścāddadyācca viṣṇave..89.. > likewise one should give to teachers, and afterwards to Viṣṇu: (89) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_49](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_49) śītalodakadadhyannaṃ kāṃsyapātrasthamuttamam.. > “This excellent curd-rice with cold water, kept in a bronze vessel, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_50](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_50) sadakṣiṇaṃ satāṃbūlaṃ sabhakṣyaṃ ca phalānvitam ..2.7.20.90.. > together with a fee, betel, food-offerings, and fruit, (90) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_51](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_51) dadāmi viṣṇave tubhyaṃ viṣṇulokajigīṣayā .. > I give to you, Viṣṇu, out of a desire to attain Viṣṇu's world.” > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_52](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_52) iti dattvā yathāśaktyā gāṃ ca dadyātkuṭuṃbine.. 91.. > Having given thus according to one's capacity, one should also give a cow to a householder. (91) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_53](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_53) evaṃ māsavrataṃ kuryādyo daṃbhena vivarjitaḥ.. > Whoever performs the monthly vow in this manner, free from deceit, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_54](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_54) sa sarvaiḥ pātakairhīnaḥ kulamuddhṛtya vai śatam..92.. > is freed from all sins, and, having delivered a hundred ancestors of his lineage, (92) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_55](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_55) paśyatāmeva bhūtānāṃ bhittvā vai sūryamaṃḍalam.. > piercing the solar disc before the very eyes of all living beings, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_56) yāti viṣṇoḥ paraṃ dhāma yogināmapi durlabham..93.. > he goes to the supreme abode of Viṣṇu, difficult of access even for yogins. (93) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_57](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_57) vyākhyātyevaṃ dvijakulavare mādhavīyāṃśca.. > While the best of brahmins was thus explaining the duties belonging to Mādhava, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_58](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_58) dharmānviṣṇvādīṣṭānatimahitarānvyādhapṛṣṭānsamastān ..94.. > the exceedingly beneficial duties pleasing to Viṣṇu and others, inquired about by the hunter, (94) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_59](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_59) vaṭaḥ sadyaḥ paśyatāmeva bhūmau papātāho pañacaśākhī drumo'yam.. > that banyan tree, a five-branched tree, suddenly fell to the earth before their very eyes, oh wonder! > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_60](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_60) vṛkṣāttasmātkoṭare saṃsthito hi vyālaḥ kaściddīrghadehī karālaḥ.. > From that tree, indeed, a certain dread serpent with a long body dwelling inside the hollow, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_61](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_61) hitvā dehaṃ pāpayoniṃ ca sadyaḥ sa vai tasthau prāṃjalirnamramūrdhā ..95.. > instantly shedding his body and sinful womb, stood with palms joined and head bowed. (95) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [2.7.20.65\_62](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20.65_62) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ iti śrīskānde mahāpurāṇa ekāśītisāhasryāṃ saṃhitāyāṃ dvitīye vaiṣṇavakhaṃḍe vaiśākhamāsamāhātmye nāradāmbarīṣasaṃvāde bhāgavatadharmakathanaṃnāma viṃśo'dhyāyaḥ ..20.. > Thus ends the twentieth chapter, named “Recounting the Bhāgavata Duties”, in the glorification of the month of Vaiśākha, in the Vaiṣṇava section of the venerable Skanda Mahāpurāṇa, in the compilation of eighty-one thousand \[verses\], in the dialogue between Nārada and Ambarīṣa. (20) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda~en-mt.2.7.20.24) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (3) - [Adbhutasāgara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.astro.samhita.adbhuta.adbhutasagara.47.36) — Ballālasena & Lakṣmaṇasena, Sanskrit - [Śāntikamalākara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.santi.santikamalakara.9.187_106) — Kamalākarabhaṭṭa 1587, Sanskrit - [Vratodyāpanakaumudī (Śaṅkara)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vrata.udyapana.vratodyapanakaumudi-sankara.p11.1) — Śaṅkara 1728, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.2.7.20) · Pramāṇa