[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Purāṇas](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana) › [Skandapurana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda) › 5.27 # Skandapurana 5.27 Skandapurāṇa 5.27 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [5.27.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.1) .. ṛṣaya ūcuḥ .. .. caturyugasvarūpaṃ tu māhātmyaṃ caiva sūtaja .. pramāṇaṃ vada kārtsnyena paraṃ kautūhalaṃ hi naḥ .. 1 .. > The seers said: / Tell us, O Sūta's son, in full detail the nature, the māhātmya, / and the duration of the four yugas; for our curiosity is indeed great. 1 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.2) .. sūta uvāca .. .. imamarthaṃ purā pṛṣṭo vāsavena bṛhaspatiḥ .. yathā provāca vipreṃdrāstadvo vakṣyāmi sāṃpratam .. 2 .. > Sūta said: / When Bṛhaspati was asked about this matter long ago by Vāsava, / as he explained it, O lords of brahmins, that I shall now declare to you. 2 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.3) purā śakraṃ samāsīnaṃ sabhāyāṃ tridaśaiḥ saha .. saha śacyā mahātmānamupāsāṃcakrire surāḥ .. 3 .. > Long ago, the gods waited upon the great-souled Śakra, / who was seated in the assembly together with the thirty \[gods\] and Śacī: 3 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.4) gandharvāpsarasaścaiva siddhavidyādharāśca ye .. guhyakāḥ kiṃnarā daityā rākṣasā uragāstathā .. 4 .. > Gandharvas and apsarases, siddhas and vidyādharas, / guhyakas, kiṃnaras, daityas, rākṣasas, and uragas; 4 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.5) kalāḥ kāṣṭhānimeṣāśca nakṣatrāṇi grahāstathā .. sāṃgā vedāstathā mūrtāstīrthānyāyatanāni ca .. 5 ... > kalās, kāṣṭhās, nimeṣas, constellations, planets, / the Vedas with their auxiliary limbs in embodied form, sacred fords, and shrines. 5 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.6) tathā cakruḥ kathāścitrā devadānavarakṣasām .. rājarṣīṇāṃ purāṇānāṃ brahmarṣīṇāṃ viśeṣataḥ .. 6 .. > So too they narrated varied tales of gods, dānavas, and rakṣases, / of ancient royal seers, and especially of brahmin seers. 6 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.7) kasmiṃścidatha saṃprāpte prastāve tridaśeśvaraḥ .. papraccha vinayopeto vipraśreṣṭhaṃ bṛhaspatim .. 7 .. > Then, on a certain occasion that arose, the lord of the thirty \[gods\], / endowed with humility, questioned Bṛhaspati, the best of brahmins: 7 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.8) bhagavañchrotumicchāmi pramāṇaṃ yugasaṃbhavam .. māhātmyaṃ ca svarūpaṃ ca yathāvadvaktumarhasi .. 8 .. > "O Blessed One, I desire to hear the duration belonging to the yugas, / their māhātmya, and their true nature. You should declare it properly." 8 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.9) .. bṛhaspati ruvāca .. .. ahaṃ te kīrtayiṣyāmi māhātmyaṃ yugasaṃbhavam .. yatpramāṇaṃ svarūpaṃ ca śṛṇuṣvāvahitaḥ sthitaḥ .. 9 .. > Bṛhaspati said: / I shall proclaim to you the māhātmya belonging to the yugas, / their duration, and their nature. Listen with an attentive mind. 9 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.10) aṣṭāviṃśatisahasrāṇi lakṣāḥ saptadaśaiva tu .. pramāṇena kṛtaṃ proktaṃ yatra śuklo janārdanaḥ..6.27.10.... > Seventeen hundred thousand and twenty-eight thousand \[years\] / is declared to be the extent of the Kṛta \[yuga\], wherein Janārdana is white. 10 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.12) catuṣpādastathā dharmaḥ susaṃpūrṇā vasundharā .. kāmakrodhavinirmuktā bhayadveṣavivarjitāḥ...... janāścirāyuṣastatra śāntātmāno jitendriyāḥ .. pañcatālapramāṇāśca dīptimanto bahuśrutāḥ .. 12 .. > Dharma is four-footed, and the earth is exceedingly bountiful; / freed from desire and anger, devoid of fear and hatred, / people there are long-lived, peaceful in mind, with senses subdued, / five tālas in height, radiant, and deeply learned. 12 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.13) tatra ṣoḍaśasāhasraṃ bālatvaṃ jāyate nṛṇām .. tataśca yauvanaṃ proktaṃ dvātriṃśadyāvadeva hi .. 13 .. > There, childhood of men lasts for sixteen thousand \[years\]; / after that, youth is declared to last up to thirty-two \[thousand\]. 13 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.14) tataḥ paraṃ ca vārddhakyaṃ śanaiḥ saṃjāyate nṛṇām.. lakṣāṃte paramaṃ yāvadanyeṣāmadhikaṃ kvacit .. 14 .. > Thereafter, old age gradually comes upon men, / lasting up to a maximum of one hundred thousand, and for some, somewhere, even more. 14 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.14\_1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.14_1) tatra sattvāśca ye kecitpaśavaḥ pakṣiṇo mṛgāḥ .. daivīṃ vācaṃ prajalpaṃti na virodhaṃ vrajaṃti ca .ā15.. krīḍaṃti nakulaiḥ sarpā biḍālā mūṣakaiḥ samam .. pañcānanairmṛgā nityamulūkāścāpi vāyasaiḥ ...6.. > And whatever beings are there—beasts, birds, and game— / speak divine speech and enter into no enmity. 15 / Serpents play with mongooses, cats together with mice, / deer constantly with lions, and owls even with crows. 16 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.14\_2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.14_2) akṛṣṭā ca mahī sasyaṃ janayatyati bhūriśaḥ .. vrīhimudgayavaprāyaṃ susvādu balavṛddhidam ...7.. > And the unplowed earth yields abundant crops, / mostly rice, mung beans, and barley, exceedingly sweet and increasing strength. 17 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.14\_3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.14_3) sarvartuphalino vṛkṣāḥ sapuṣpaphaladhāriṇaḥ .. supatrāḥ kaṃṭakairhīnāḥ kalpapādapasaṃnibhāḥ...8.. > Trees bear fruit in all seasons, laden with flowers and fruits, / with beautiful leaves, free of thorns, resembling the wish-fulfilling tree. 18 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.19) dhenavaśca prayacchaṃti vāṃchitaṃ svādu satpayaḥ .. sarveṣvapi hi kāleṣu bhūri sarppiḥpradaṃ nṛṇām.. 19 .. > And cows yield desired, sweet, excellent milk; / in all seasons they grant abundant clarified butter to men. 19 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.20) na tatra vidhavā nārī jāyate na ca durbhagā .. kākavaṃdhyā sutairhīnā na ca śīlavivarjitā ..6.27.20... > There, no woman becomes a widow, nor unfortunate, / nor barren after one child, nor bereft of sons, nor lacking good conduct. 20 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.21) yathājanma tathā mṛtyuḥ kramātsaṃjāyate nṛṇām .. na vīkṣate pitā putraṃ mṛtaṃ kvāpi kadācana .. 21 .. > Just as birth occurs, so death occurs for men in orderly succession; / never does a father behold a son dead anywhere. 21 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.22) na pretatvaṃ ca lokānāṃ mṛtānāṃ tatra jāyate .. na cāpi narake vāso na ca rogavyathā kvacit .. 22 .. > And the state of a ghost does not befall men who have died there; / nor is there dwelling in hell, nor the affliction of disease anywhere. 22 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.23) vedāṃtagā dvijāḥ sarve nityaṃ svādhyāyaśīlinaḥ .. vedavyākhyānasaṃhṛṣṭā brahmajñānavicakṣaṇāḥ .. 23 .. > All brahmins are masters of the Vedānta, constantly devoted to self-study, / rejoicing in the exposition of the Vedas, skilled in knowledge of the Absolute. 23 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.24) kṣatriyāścāpi bhūpālamekaṃ kṛtvā subhaktitaḥ .. tadādeśātprabhuṃjaṃti mahīṃ dharmeṇa nityaśaḥ ..24.. > And the kṣatriyas, having made one king with great devotion, / by his command enjoy the earth constantly according to dharma. 24 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.25) vaiśyā vaiśyajanārhāṇi cakruḥ karmāṇi bhūriśaḥ .. paśupālanapūrvāṇi krayavikrayajāni ca .. 25 .. > Vaiśyas perform in abundance the occupations suitable for vaiśyas, / consisting of cattle-rearing and born of buying and selling. 25 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.26) muktvaikāṃ dvijaśuśrūṣā na śūdrāstatra cakrire .. kiṃcitkarma suraśreṣṭha śraddhayā parayā yutāḥ .. 26 .. > Leaving aside the singular service to the twice-born, the śūdras there do not perform / any other work, O best of the gods, endowed with supreme faith. 26 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.27) na tatra cāṃtyajo jajñe na ca saṃkarasaṃbhavaḥ .. nāpavitro na varṇānāṃ pañcamo dṛśyate bhuvi .. 27 .. > No outcaste is born there, nor does the occurrence of mixed caste arise; / no one is impure, nor is a fifth of the castes seen upon earth. 27 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.28) yajanaṃ yājanaṃ dānaṃ vrataṃ niyama eva ca .. tīrthayātrāṃ narāstatra niṣkāmā eva kurvate .. 28 .. > Sacrificing, officiating at sacrifices, giving, vows, and observances, / and pilgrimage to sacred fords—men perform these there solely without desire. 28 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.29) evaṃvidhaṃ sahasrākṣa mayā te parikīrtitam .. ādyaṃ kṛtayugaṃ puṇyaṃ sarvalokasukhāvaham .. 29 .. > Such as this, O thousand-eyed one, has been proclaimed to you by me— / the initial holy Kṛtayuga, bringing happiness to all the world. 29 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.30) tatastretāyugaṃ nāma dvitīyaṃ saṃpravartate .. varṣāṇāṃ ṣaṇṇavatyāḍhyā lakṣā dvādaśa saṃkhyayā .. 6.27.30 .. > Then the second, named Tretāyuga, commences; / in number of years it is twelve hundred thousand endowed with ninety-six \[thousand\]. 30 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.31) so'pi sākṣājagannāthaḥ śvetadvīpāśrayāśritaḥ .. tatra raktatvamāyāti bhaga vāngaruḍadhvajaḥ .. 31 .. > Even the lord of the universe himself, who abides in Śvetadvīpa— / the Blessed One whose emblem is Garuḍa—becomes red in color there. 31 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.32) tripādastatra dharmaḥ syātpādenaikena pātakam .. tenāpi jāyate sparddhā varṇānāmitaretaram .. 32 .. > There dharma has three feet, while evil has one foot; / through that alone rivalry arises mutually among the castes. 32 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.33) tataḥ phalāni vāṃchaṃti tīrthayātrodbhavāni te .. vratānāṃ niyamānāṃ ca svargavāsādihetavaḥ .. 33 .. > Then they desire fruits arising from pilgrimage to sacred fords, / from vows and observances, which are the causes of dwelling in heaven and the like. 33 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.34) tataḥ kāmavaśānmohaṃ sarve gacchaṃti mānavāḥ .. mohāddrohaṃ tato gatvā pāpaṃ kurvaṃtyanukramāt .. 34 .. > Then, under the sway of desire, all human beings fall into delusion; / having fallen into delusion, they proceed to malice and consecutively commit sin. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.35) tatastu rauravādīni narakāṇi yamaḥ svayam .. sajjīkaroti devendra hyekaviṃśatisaṃkhyayā .. 35 .. > Thereupon, Yama himself prepares the hells, such as Raurava and others, / twenty-one in number, O lord of the gods. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.36) karmānusāratastāni sevayaṃti narādhamāḥ .. kecidanye mahendrādilokānmokṣaṃ tathā pare .. 36 .. > According to their actions, base men enter them; / certain others go to the worlds of Mahendra and the rest, and others to liberation. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.37) trividhāḥ puruṣāstatra śreṣṭhāścādhamamadhyamāḥ .. trividhāni ca karmāṇi prakurvaṃti sureśvara .. 37 .. > Threefold are the men there: superior, base, and middling; / and they perform threefold deeds, O lord of gods. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.38) unnatāstālamātreṇa tejovīryasamanvitāḥ .. cakruśca kṛṣikarmāṇi vaiśyāścaivānnalipsayā .. 38 .. > Tall as a palm tree, endowed with fiery energy and vigor, / the vaiśyas also carried out agricultural work, eager for food. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.39) uptakṣetraṃ sakṛccāpi saptavāraṃ lunaṃti te .. yathartu phalino vṛkṣā yathartu kusumānvitāḥ .. 39 .. > From a field sown but once, they harvest seven times; / the trees bear fruit according to the season, adorned with seasonal flowers, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.40) yathartu patrasaṃyuktāstatra syuḥ sumanoharāḥ .. agniṣṭomādikā yajñāḥ pravartaṃte sahasraśaḥ .. 6.27.40 .. > And in that age they are endowed with seasonal foliage, supremely delightful. / Sacrifices such as the Agniṣṭoma take place by the thousands, > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.41) itaretarasaṃspardhaiḥ kriyamāṇā nṛpottamaiḥ .. brāhmaṇaiśca suraśreṣṭha svargalokamabhīpsubhiḥ .. 41 .. > Performed by excellent kings in mutual rivalry, / and by brahmins desirous of heaven, O best of gods. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.42) tīrthayātrāṃ vrataṃ dānaṃ niyamaṃ saṃyamaṃ tathā .. paralokamabhīpsaṃtastatra kurvaṃti mānavāḥ .. 42 .. > Pilgrimage to sacred fords, vows, gifts, religious observances, and self-restraint— / these the people perform there, desiring the world beyond. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.43) sahasreṇa tu varṣāṇāṃ tatra syādyauvanaṃ nṛṇām .. sahasrapañcakaṃ yāvadūrdhvaṃ vārddhaka mucyate .. 43 .. > Youth comes to men there at a thousand years; / old age is said to begin after five thousand. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.44) rajakaścarmakāraśca naṭo buruḍa eva ca .. kaivarttamedabhillāśca caṃḍālāḥ śūdramānavāḥ .. 44 .. > The washerman, the leatherworker, the dancer, the reed-worker, / the fisherman, the Meda, the Bhillas, the Caṇḍālas, and the Śūdra men— > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458) saṃbhavaṃti yuge tasminyo nisaṃsargato vibho .. tathānye saṃkhyayā hīnā etebhyo niṃditā narāḥ .. 458 .. > These arise in that yuga through union of wombs, O powerful one, / as well as other degraded men, despised by these. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_4) .. indra uvāca .. .. utpattiḥ kathameteṣāmaṃtyajānāṃ dvijo ttama .. yathāvadvada kārtsnyena atra kautūhalaṃ mahat .. 46 .. > Indra said: / How did the birth of these outcasts come about, O best of the twice-born? / Tell me truly and in full; here my curiosity is great. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_5) .. bṛhaspatiruvāca .. .. eteṣāmaṣṭadhā sṛṣṭirjāyateṃ'tyajasaṃbhavā .. yoni doṣātsuraśreṣṭha jātervakṣyāmyahaṃ sphuṭam .. 47 .. > Bṛhaspati said: / An eightfold creation arises from them, originating as outcasts, / due to corruption of the womb, O best of gods; I shall explain their caste clearly. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_6) brāhmaṇyāṃ kṣatriyājjātaḥ sūta ityabhidhīyate .. sūtena rajakaścaiva rajakena ca carmakṛt .. .. 48 .. > One born of a kṣatriya father in a brahmin woman is called a sūta; / by a sūta is born a washerman, and by a washerman a leatherworker. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_7) carmakāreṇa saṃjajñe naṭaścāṃtyajasaṃjñakaḥ .. catvāraḥ kṣetrasaṃbhūtā ete kṣetre dvijanmanām .. 49 .. > By a leatherworker was born a dancer, designated as an outcast. / These four arose in the field, in the field of the twice-born. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_8) tathā ca māgadho jajñe vaiśyena dvijasaṃbhave .. kṣetre māgadhavīryeṇa buruḍo maruduttama .. 6.27.50 .. > Likewise, a māgadha was born by a vaiśya in a field of twice-born origin; / by the seed of a māgadha, a reed-worker was born, O best of the Maruts. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_9) buruḍena ca kaivartaḥ kaivartena ca medakaḥ .. catvāro vaiśyasaṃbhūtā ete kṣetre dvijanmanām .. prajāyante suraśreṣṭha savakarmasu garhitāḥ .. 51 .. > By a reed-worker a fisherman was born, and by a fisherman a Meda. / These four originated from a vaiśya in the field of the twice-born; / they are born, O best of gods, despised in all acts. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_10) tathā śūdreṇa saṃjajñe brāhmaṇyāṃ surasattama .. bhillākhyaścāpi bhillena caṃḍālaśca prajāyate .. 52 .. > Likewise, by a śūdra in a brahmin woman, O best of the gods, / was born the one called a Bhilla, and from a Bhilla is born a Caṇḍāla. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_11) etau dvāvapi śūdreṇa bhavato dvijasaṃbhave .. kṣetre sarvasurādhīśa satyametanmayoditam .. 53 .. > These two also arise through a śūdra in the field of twice-born origin, / O ruler of all gods; this has been spoken truly by me. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_12) etattretāyuge proktaṃ mayā te surasattama .. ākarṇaya prayatnena dvāparasyādhunā sthitim .. 54 .. > This has been declared by me concerning the Tretāyuga, O best of gods; / listen attentively now to the state of the Dvāpara. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_13) lakṣāṣṭakapramāṇena tadyugaṃ parikīrtitam .. catuḥṣaṣṭisahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ parisaṃ khyayā .. kapiśo jāyate tatra bhagavāngaruḍadhvajaḥ .. 55 .. > That yuga is proclaimed to be eight hundred thousand years / and sixty-four thousand years in extent; / there the lord whose banner is Garuḍa becomes brown-hued. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_14) dvau pādau caiva dharmasya dvau pāpasya vyavasthitau .. tatra syādyauvanaṃ nṛṇāṃ gate varṣaśate' khile .. 56 .. > Two quarters of dharma remain, and two of sin. / Youth comes to men there after a full hundred years have passed. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_15) tato'nyaiḥ samatikrāṃtairvārdhakyaṃ pañcabhiḥ śataiḥ .. tatra satyānṛtā lokā devā bhūpāstathā pare .. 57 .. > Then, when five other centuries have elapsed, old age arrives. / There, people, gods, kings, and others are a mixture of truth and falsehood. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_16) nāryaścāpi suraśreṣṭha tatsva rūpāḥ prakīrtitāḥ .. paṃcahastapramāṇena caturhastāstathā paraṃ .. 58 .. > Women too, O best of gods, are described as having that nature; / their height is five cubits, and further, four cubits. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_17) nātirūpeṇa saṃyuktā na ca rūpavivarjitāḥ .. avyaktajalpakāścāpi paśavaḥ pakṣiṇo mṛgāḥ .. 59 .. > They are neither exceedingly beautiful nor devoid of beauty; / the beasts, birds, and game animals have inarticulate calls. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_18) nātipuṣpaphalairyuktā vṛkṣāścāpisureśvara .. sasyāni tāni jāyante tatra coptānikarṣukaiḥ .. 6.27.60 .. > The trees are not overly endowed with flowers and fruits, O lord of gods; / the crops grown there are those sown by the farmers. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_19) varṣaṃti jaladāḥ kāmaṃ bhavantyoṣadhayo'khilāḥ .. yatkiṃcidbhūtale jñānaṃ śāstraṃ vā surasattama .. tattatra samabhāvena na satyaṃ naiva cānṛtam .. 61 .. > The clouds rain at will, and all medicinal herbs grow. / Whatever knowledge or sacred scripture exists on the face of the earth, O best of gods, / exists there in equal measure, neither entirely true nor false. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_20) tīrthānāṃ ca makhānāṃ ca dvāpare surasattama .. phalaṃ bhāvānurūpeṇa dānānāṃ ca prajāyate .. 62 .. > In the Dvāpara, O best of gods, the fruit of sacred fords, sacrifices, / and gifts arises in accordance with one's disposition. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_21) etattava samākhyātaṃ yugaṃ dvāparasaṃjñakam .. mayā sarvaṃ surādhīśa yathādṛṣṭaṃ yathā śrutam .. 63 .. > This yuga named Dvāpara has been declared to you / in its entirety by me, O ruler of the gods, just as it was seen and heard. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_22) śṛṇuṣvāvahito bhūtvā vadato mama sāṃpratam .. raudraṃ kaliyugaṃnāma yatra kṛṣṇo janārdanaḥ .. 64 .. > Becoming attentive, listen as I speak now / of the terrible Kaliyuga, where Janārdana is black. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_23) dvātriṃśacca sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ kathitaṃ vibho .. tathā lakṣacatuṣkeṇa sādhulokavivarjitam ..65.. > It is stated to last four hundred thousand / and thirty-two thousand years, O powerful one, devoid of virtuous people. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_24) tatraikapādayuktaśca dharmaḥ pāpaṃ tribhiḥ smṛtam .. pūrvārdhebhyaḥ paraṃ sarvaṃ saṃbhaviṣyati pāta kam .. 66 .. > There dharma has only one quarter, while sin is remembered as having three; / after the first half, everything will become sinful. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_25) na śṛṇvaṃti pituḥ putrā na snuṣā bhrātaro na ca .. na bhṛtyā na kalatrāṇi yatra dveṣaḥ parasparam .. 67 .. > Sons do not obey their father, nor daughters-in-law, nor brothers, / nor servants, nor wives, where there is mutual enmity. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_26) yatra ṣoḍaśame varṣe narāḥ palita yauvanāḥ .. tatra dvādaśame varṣe garbhaṃ dhāsyati cāṃganā .. 68 .. > Where men's youth turns gray in the sixteenth year, / and a woman will conceive a child in her twelfth year. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_27) āyuḥ paraṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ śatasaṃkhyaṃ sureśvara .. nāgānāṃ ca tarūṇāṃ ca varṣāṇāṃ yatra nādhikam .. 69 .. > The lifespan of humans is a maximum of a hundred years, O lord of gods; / for elephants and trees, it does not exceed that number of years. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_28) dvātriṃśaddhayamukhyānāṃ caturviṃśatiḥ kharoṣṭrayoḥ .. ajānāṃ ṣoḍaśa proktaṃ śunāṃ dvādaśasaṃkhyayā .. 6.27.70 .. > Thirty-two is stated for the best horses, twenty-four for donkeys and camels, / sixteen is declared for goats, and twelve for dogs. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_29) catuṣpadānāmanyeṣāṃ viṃśatiḥ paṃcabhiryutā .. yatra kākāśca gṛdhrāśca kauśikāścirajīvinaḥ .. 71 .. > For other quadrupeds it is twenty-five, / while crows, vultures, and owls live long. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_30) tathā pāpaparā lokā duḥsthitāśca viśeṣataḥ .. tathā kaṇṭakino vṛkṣā rūkṣāḥ puṣpaphalacyutāḥ .. sevitāste'pi gṛdhrādyairyatra cchāyāvivarjitāḥ .. 72 .. > People are devoted to sin and especially distressed; / the trees are thorny, rough, devoid of flowers and fruits, / and frequented by vultures and the like, where they cast no shade. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_31) yatra dharmo hyadharmeṇa pīḍyate surasattama .. asatyena tathā satyaṃ bhūpāścauraiḥ sadaiva tu .. 73 .. > Where dharma is oppressed by adharma, O best of gods, / truth is similarly oppressed by untruth, and kings are constantly harassed by thieves; > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_32) guravaśca tathā śiṣyaiḥ strībhiśca puruṣādhamāḥ .. svāmino bhṛtyavargaiśca mūrkhaiścāpi bahuśrutāḥ .. 74 .. > Gurus by their disciples, base men by women, / masters by groups of servants, and scholars by fools. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_33) yatra sīdaṃti dharmiṣṭhā narāḥ satyaparāyaṇāḥ .. dāntā vivekinaḥ śāntāstathā parahite ratāḥ .. 75 .. > Where most righteous men, devoted to truth, / self-controlled, discerning, peaceful, and intent on the welfare of others, suffer distress; 75 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_34) ādhayo vyādhayaścaiva tathā pīḍā mahādbhutā .. sadaiva saṃsthitā yatra sādhupīḍanavāṃchayā .. 76 .. > where mental agonies, physical diseases, and most extraordinary afflictions / are ever present out of a desire to torment the virtuous; 76 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_35) alpāyuṣastathā martyā jāyaṃte varṇasaṃkarāt .. ye kecana prajīvaṃti duḥkhena te samanvitāḥ ..77.. > and where mortals are born short-lived as a result of the mixture of classes; / whatever individuals survive are attended by misery; 77 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_36) na varṣati ghanaḥ kāle saṃprāpte'pi yathocite .. na sasyaṃ syātsuvṛṣṭepi karṣukasyāpi vāṃchitam .. 78 .. > the cloud does not rain even when the proper time has arrived; / even if there is good rain, crops do not yield what the farmer desires; 78 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_37) na ca kṣīrapradā gāvo yadyapi syuḥ supoṣitāḥ .. na bhavaṃti prabhū tāśca yatnenāpi surakṣitāḥ .. 79 .. .. > cows yield no milk even if well nourished; / and they do not multiply even when guarded with great effort; 79 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_38) āvikānāṃ tathoṣṭrīṇāṃ yatra kṣīrapraśaṃsakāḥ .. lokā bhavaṃti niḥśrīkāstathā ye ca malimlucāḥ 6.27.80 .. > where people praise the milk of sheep and camels, / and people become bereft of fortune and act as thieves; 80 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_39) tathā tapasvinaḥ śūdrāḥ śūdrā dharmaparāyaṇāḥ .. śūdrā vedavicārajñā yajñakarmaṇi codyatāḥ .. 81 .. > where śūdras practice austerity, śūdras are devoted to religious duties, / śūdras are conversant with deliberations on the Vedas, and are engaged in sacrificial rites; 81 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_40) śūdrāḥ pratigrahītāraḥ śūdrā dānapradāstathā .. śūdrāścāpi tathā vandyāḥ śadrāstīrtheṣu saṃsthitāḥ .. 82 .. > where śūdras receive religious gifts, śūdras bestow gifts, / śūdras are worthy of worship, and śūdras reside at sacred fords; 82 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_41) paṃcagartānkhanaṃtyeva mṛtyukāle narādhamāḥ .. śirasā hastapādābhyāṃ mohātsaṃnaṣṭacetanāḥ .. 83 .. > the lowest of men dig five pits at the time of death, / with the head, hands, and feet, their consciousness destroyed by delusion; 83 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_42) vedavikrayakartāro brāhmaṇāḥ śaucavarjitāḥ .. 84 .. > brahmins sell the Veda and are devoid of ritual purity; 84 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_43) svādhyāyarahitāścaiva śūdrānnaniratāḥ sadā .. asatpratigrahāḥ prāyo jihvālaulyasamutsukāḥ .. 85 .. > they are devoid of Veda-recitation, constantly delight in the food of śūdras, / generally accept improper gifts, and are eager out of greediness of the tongue; 85 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_44) pākhaṃḍino vikarmasthāḥ paradāropajīvinaḥ.. kāryakāraṇamāśritya yatra snehaḥ prajāyate..86.. > they are heretics, engaged in forbidden deeds, and live off others' wives; / where affection arises only by taking refuge in selfish cause and effect; 86 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_45](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_45) na svabhāvātsahasrākṣa kathaṃcidapi dehinām.. yāsyaṃti mlecchabhāvaṃ ca sarve varṇā dvijātayaḥ..87.. > not from natural disposition, O thousand-eyed one, among embodied beings in any way; / all classes and the twice-born will fall into the condition of mlecchas; 87 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_46](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_46) naṣṭotsavāvidharmāṇo nityaṃ saṃkarakārakāḥ.. sārdhahastatrayāḥ pūrvaṃ bhaviṣyaṃti yugāditaḥ..88.. > deprived of festivals, destitute of righteousness, constantly causing confusion of classes; / at the beginning of the yuga, they will initially be three and a half cubits tall; 88 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_47](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_47) tato hrāsaṃ prayāsyaṃti vṛddhiṃ yāti kalau yuge .. bhaviṣyanti tataścāṃte manuṣyā bilaśāyinaḥ .. 89 .. > then they will suffer diminution as the Kali age advances; / and then in the end, men will become dwellers in holes; 89 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_48) alpatvāddurlabhatvācca aśaktā gṛhakarmaṇi .. bhaviṣyaṃtyaphalā yajñāstathā vedavratāni ca .. 6.27.90 .. > owing to their smallness and scarce availability, being incapable of domestic duties, / sacrifices will become fruitless, and likewise Vedic vows; 90 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_49](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_49) niyamāḥ saṃyamāḥ sarve maṃtravādāstathaiva ca .. tīrthāni mlecchasaṃsparśāddūṣitāni śatakrato .. .. 91 .. > all rules, self-restraints, and incantations likewise; / sacred fords will become defiled by contact with mlecchas, O Śatakratu; 91 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_50](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_50) svasvabhāvavihīnāni hīnāni ca tathā jalaiḥ .. kutsitā maṃtravādā ye kutsitāśca tapasvinaḥ .. 92 .. > deprived of their intrinsic nature and likewise destitute of water; / vile incantations and vile ascetics— 92 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_51](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_51) tatra te saṃbhaviṣyaṃti kutsitā ye ca mānavāḥ .. kulīnamapi saṃtyajya varaṃ rūpavayonvitam .. 93 .. > there those will come into being, along with vile humans; / abandoning even a well-born bridegroom endowed with beauty and youth, 93 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_52](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_52) vittalobhātpradāsyaṃti kutsitāya narāḥ sutām .. kanyakāḥ prasaviṣyaṃti kanyakāḥ suratotsukāḥ .. 94 .. > men will give their daughter to a vile man out of greed for wealth; / maidens will give birth, and maidens will be eager for sexual intercourse; 94 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_53](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_53) kanyakāḥ prakariṣyaṃti puruṣaiḥ saha saṃgatim .. bhartāraṃ vaṃcayiṣyaṃti kulīnā api yoṣitaḥ .. 95 .. > maidens will have union with men; / even noble-born women will deceive their husbands; 95 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_54](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_54) sarvakṛtyeṣu duḥśīlāḥ. suyatnenāpi rakṣitāḥ .. nirdayāścāpi bhūpālāḥ pīḍayiṣyaṃti karṣukān .. 96 .. > ill-behaved in all actions, even if guarded with great care; / and pitiless kings will oppress the cultivators; 96 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_55](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_55) pīḍayiṣyaṃti nirdoṣānvittalobhādasaṃśayam .. vadhārhamapi saṃprāpya vittalobhānmalimlucam .. 97 .. > they will oppress the innocent out of greed for wealth, without doubt; / and having caught a thief who deserves death, out of greed for wealth, 97 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_56) saṃtyakṣyaṃti yuge tasminprāṇidrohe'pi vartinam .. kṣātradharmaṃ parityajya kariṣyaṃti tathā raṇam .. 98 .. > they will release him in that yuga, even though he engages in injuring living beings; / abandoning the duty of the warrior class, they will engage in battle; 98 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_57](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_57) .. bṛhaspatiruvāca .. .. etadvaḥ sarvamākhyātaṃ yugānāṃ lakṣaṇaṃ mayā .. pramāṇaṃ ca suraśreṣṭha caturṇāmapyasaṃśayam .. 99 .. > Bṛhaspati said: / All this has been declared by me to you—the characteristic of the yugas / and their duration, O best of the gods, of all four without doubt. 99 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_58](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_58) yaścaitatkīrtayenmartyaḥ sadaiva susā māhitaḥ .. sa nūnaṃ mucyate pāpādājanmamaraṇāṃtikāt .. 6.27.100 .. > And whatever mortal should recite this, ever concentrated in mind, / he is surely liberated from sin from birth to the end of life. 100 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_59](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_59) śṛṇuyādvā naro yaśca śraddhāpūtena cetasā .. so'pi mucyenna sandehaḥ pāpācca divasodbhavāt .. 101 .. > Or whatever man should hear it with a mind purified by faith, / he too would be freed, there is no doubt, from the sin arising in a day. 101 > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [5.27.458\_60](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27.458_60) iti śrīskāṃde mahāpurāṇa ekāśītisāhasryāṃ saṃhitāyāṃ ṣaṣṭhe nāgarakhaṃḍe hāṭakeśvarakṣetramāhātmye caturyugasvarūpavarṇanaṃnāma saptaviṃśo'dhyāyaḥ .. 27 .. .. cha .. > Thus ends the twenty-seventh chapter, named Description of the Nature of the Four Yugas, in the Māhātmya of Hāṭakeśvara Sacred Field, in the Nāgarakhaṇḍa, in the sixth \[part\] of the venerable Skanda Mahāpurāṇa consisting of eighty-one thousand verses. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda~en-mt.5.27.1) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [Yogavāsiṣṭha (vulgate)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.ramayana.upajivya.yogavasistha*vulgate.4.40.1) — Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.skanda.5.27) · Pramāṇa