Chāndogya (Upaniṣad) Brāhmaṇa 1

Chāndogyabrāhmaṇa bhāṣya 1

Language: Sanskrit

1.p7

carāāṇi aparimitavādāni ca, na tatra chandaḥsambhavaḥ ; ṛṣidevatāviniyogamātre teṣāṃ caritārthatā |¹

1.1

yajuridamāmneyaṃ, prajāpatidṛṣṭam, utkārādinirasane viniyuktam |² apakṛṣṭo bhāgo raccho'dhiṣṭhānabhūtaḥ 'parāvasu'rucyate, sa cet 'nirastaḥ' tenaitat sthānaṃ pavitrataramupajātamityarthaḥ

triṣṭuvasyacchandaḥ, ṛṣiḥ prajāpatiḥ, devatā agniḥ, agnisaṃskāre viniyogaḥ | 'agniṃ' 'prahiṇomi' prasthāpayāmi | kva ?³ 'dūraṃ' lokāntaram | kimbhūtam ? 'kravyādam' āmamāṃsādam⁴, asau māṃsān⁵ attumabhilaṣatītyamaṅgalyatvād 'yamarājya' yamasyādhikāraṃ 'gacchatu'| kimbhūtaḥ ? 'ripravāhaḥ' ripraṃ pāpaṃ vahati prāpayatīti ripravāhaḥ | 'ayam' 'itaraḥ' kravyādādanyo 'jātavedāḥ' jātajñāno'gniḥ 'iha eva' paricchannasthāna eva 'devebhyo havyaṃ vahatu' devān haviḥ
prāpayatu| 'prajānan' svīyamadhikāraṃ prakarṣeṇa jānan| atra kravyā-damagnemantvayamagniṃ dūraṃ preṣayāmi, yamarājyaṃ gacchatu iti pūrvārdhasya vākyārthaḥ| ayamitaro mantvayaḥ iha eva madīye pariṣkṛtasthāne eva atra yajñe svīyamadhikāraṃ jānan devebhyo havyaṃ prāpayatu ityārdhasya uttarārdhasya vākyārthaḥ| anena mantreṇa kravyādāgniṃ parityajya saṃskṛta-sthāne anuṣṭhāṭaparamparānuṣṭhānaprāmāṇyāt mahāvyāhṛtibhiranyā-ropaṇaṃ karaṇīyam

1.3

yajuridam| asya prajāpatiṛṣiḥ, agnidevatā, triṇirasane viniyogaḥ| [ mantro'yaṃ pūrvaṃ (1|1) vyākhyātaḥ ]

1.4

yajuridam, sarvatra prajāpatireva ṛṣiḥ, vigreṣastu vacyate; agni-devatā, brahmopaveśane viniyogaḥ| he brahman! 'ā vasoḥ' vasu dakṣiṇā-rūpaṃ dhanaṃ tad yāvad dīyate tāvatkālaṃ 'sadane' kuśāstaraṇasthāne 'sīda' tiṣṭha| etena karmasampūrṇatāṃ yāvadavasthānaṃ brahmaṇo vyādiṣṭam| vaso-riti vyatyayena puṃstvam

1.5

gāyatroyaṃ, viṣṇudevatā, ayajñiyavāgvacananimittajape viniyuktā| 'viṣṇuḥ' vyāpakaḥ sa bhagavān 'idaṃ jagat vicakrame' ākrāntavān| kathamākrāntavān? 'tredhā nidadhe padam', pṛthivyāṃ ākāśe svarge ca padatrayam arpitavān ityarthaḥ| 'asya' 'pāṃsule' pāṃsuyuktāyāṃ bhūmau padaṃ 'samūḍhaṃ' samyaṅniviṣṭam| ayamarthaḥ—viṣṇurbhyākāśasvargātmakaṃ jagat pādenākrāntavān ; tasya padaṃ bhūmyāṃ samyaṅniviṣṭam | etena viṣṇupadasambandhena bhūmiratīva śuddheti sā bhūmirasmin sadane duruktādikaṃ samādhāsyatoti |

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vasvantaṃ rātrau 'dhanam' ityatra | parameṣṭho ṛṣiḥ, anuṣṭubiyam, agnirdevatā, bhūmijape viniyuktā | he agne ! yadetat 'bhūmeḥ' sambandhi sthaṇḍilaṃ bhavatā adhiṣṭhitam, 'dūraṃ' vayaṃ 'bhajāmahe' sevāmahe gacchīma iti yāvat | kimbhūtamidam ? 'bhadraṃ' kalyāṇakaram 'dūraṃ' 'sumaṅgalaṃ' suṣṭhu maṅgalaṃ praśastataramityarthaḥ | idamiti punaruccāraṇamādarārtham | kiñca he agne ! 'sapatnān' śatrūn asmākamityanuktamapi gamyate, 'parābādhasva' suṣṭhu pīr̤aya | kiñca yo'pyanena mantreṇa vivāhādiyajñakarmaṇi bhavadadhiṣṭhitaṃ bhūmiravayavaṃ gacchāti so'pyanyeṣāmokharāṇāṃ asmandhi 'dhanaṃ' 'vindate' labhate | 'parābādhasve'ti "vyavacchitāśca" (pā0 1,4,82) iti vyavacchitopasargasambandhaḥ |

1.7

bhāṣyam| jagatīvayamidaṃ, kaulsaṛṣiḥ, agnirdevatā, pṛṣṭhasya ṣaḍviṃśasya ṣaṣṭhe'ni āgnisākṛte śaste parisamūhane ca viniyogaḥ| tathā ca grahmam (go0 4,5,5) "imaṃ-bharāmaṃ-śakemiti tṛcena parisamūhet"| 'imaṃ' 'stomaṃ' stavaṃ 'vayaṃ' 'samidhema', "maha pūjāyām" samyak pūjopakaraṇayuktaṃ kuryāma| kasmai? 'jātavedase' jātavidyo vā jātadhano vā jātavijñāno vā jātavedāḥ, tasmai¹| kimbhūtāya? 'arhate' stutiyogyāya| kayā? 'manīṣayā' prajñayā| 'rathamiva' sārathirityadhyāhāryam| 'hi' yasmāt 'naḥ' asmākam 'asya' agneḥ sakāśāt 'bhadrā' kalyāṇī mukhyā vā 'pramatiḥ' prakṛṣṭā buddhiḥ 'saṃsadi' janasamāje jāyate, yathā vayamapi stotuṃ jānīmaḥ, tasmāt he 'agne'! yastvamivabhūtasya 'tava' 'sakhye' mitratve sthitā 'vayaṃ' kenacid durātmanā 'mā riṣāma' mā hiṃsiṣma hi tadāśāsyate| samidhemiti riṣāmiti-cātra "anyeṣāmapi dṛśyate" (pā0 6,3,137) iti dīrghaḥ

1.8

he 'agne' tvadartham 'idhmaṃ' yajñadāru¹ 'bharāmaṃ' āharāmi | 'havīṃṣi' caruprabhṛtoni² 'parveṇā parvaṇā' parvaṇi parvaṇi 'citayantaḥ' upapādayantaḥ³ vayaṃ 'kṛṇvāma' sampādyāma nirvapāmiti yāvat | tathā ca smṛtiḥ⁴–"amāvāsyāyāmāmāvāsyena yajeta paurṇamāsyāṃ paurṇamāsena" iti | kimartham ? 'pratarām' atiśayena prakṛṣṭaṃ sudīrghakālaṃ 'jīvātave' jīvanāya | kiñca 'sādhaya dhiyaḥ'—dhīriti karmaṇo nāma ; tenaitaduktaṃ bhavati,—asmābhiḥ kriyamāṇāni karmāṇi sādhaya saphalāni kuru ityarthaḥ | bharāmeti "hṛ-grahorbhaśchandasi" iti hakārasya bhakāraḥ | parveṇā parvaṇeti "supāṃ suluk"—(pā0 7,1,38) ityādinā saptamyāḥ āl | kṛṇavāmā iti sādhayā iti "anyeṣāmapi dṛśyate" (pā0 6,3,137) iti dīrghaḥ
sakhye, māriṣāma vayaṃ tava' iti sarvena tulyam¹ śakema iti "liṅyāśiṣyaṅ" (pā0 3,1,86)| samidhamiti tumarthe "śaki ṇamulkamulau" (pā0 3,4,12) iti kamul| sādhayā iti "anyeṣāmapi"—(pā0 6,3,137) iti dīrghaḥ| ti iti saptasyarthe ṣaṣṭhī| 'ādityām̐' 'tām̐' iti "dīrghādaṭi samānapāde" (pā0 8,3,9) iti rutvaṃ, yalopaḥ, "āto'ṭi nityam" (pā0 8,3,3) ityanunāsikaḥ| 'uśmasi' iti vaśya kāntau, "gṛhṇītyā"di—(pā0 6,2,16) sūtreṇa samprasāraṇam, "idanto masi" (pā0 7,1,46) iti ikārāntatā

1.9

he 'agne !' 'tvam' asmākaṃ 'dhiyaḥ' karmāṇi buddhyā vā 'sādhaya' tvadārādhanayogyā niṣpādya, yathā 'vayaṃ' 'tvā' tvāṃ 'samidhaṃ kṛṇumaḥ' paricarituṃ śaknuyām | 'te'⁵ tvayi 'āhutaṃ haviḥ' 'devāḥ' indrādayaḥ 'adanti' bhakṣayanti, tvanmukhatvāt teṣām | atastvaṃ 'tān' 'ādityān' aditeḥ putrān⁶ āvāhaya ; 'hi' yasmāt tān ādityān vayam 'uśmasi' kāmayāmahe uddeśyatvena dṛkṣāmaḥ | 'agna',

1.10

yajuridamājyasaṃskāre viniyuktaṃ pavitradevatam| he 'pavitre' yuvāṃ 'vaiṣṇavyau' viṣṇudevatāke "viṣṇurvai yajñaḥ"| yajñārhe 'sthaḥ' bhavathaḥ

1.11

nigadavyākhyātam| ārṣādidaṃ tulyaṃ pūrveṇa

1.12

atra ājyaṃ devatā ājyotpavane viniyogaḥ| he ājya! 'tvā' tvāṃ 'devaḥ' dānādiguṇayuktaḥ 'savitā' 'acchidreṇa' acchinnābhyāṃ avyavacchinnābhyāṃ 'pavitreṇa' ābhyāṃ pavitrābhyāṃ 'ut-
punātu ūrdhvava(t) pavicokarotu ajñātakeśa-kauṭādisaṃsargadoṣam apanayatu| kiñca vasu tejaḥ tatpradhānatvāt so'pi tathocyate¹ tasya 'vasoḥ sūryasya' 'raśmibhiḥ' kiraṇaiḥ tvām utpunātu iti sambandhaḥ| abhidhānābhiprāyeṇa savitā sūryādanyaḥ²| pavitreṇeti vyatyayenaikavacanam| svāhehi mantrarṣiḥ| asya mantrasya śākhāntarāmnātasya karmārthaṃsamarthanārthamupanyāsaḥ³

1.13

yajuridam aditidevataṃ paryu‌upcaṇe viniyuktam| aditirdevamā ||⁴, sā hi sarvatra karmaṇi anujñāpyate| he 'adite'! tvaṃ mām 'anumanyasva' anujānīhi "tvaṃ śobhanaṃ karma kuru" ityevaṃ brūhi| tvayā inujñātaḥ karma kurvan iṣṭaphalabhāg bhavatīti

1.14

1.15

yajuridaṃ sarasvatīdaivatam| sarasvatī vāgadhiṣṭhātrīdevatā nadī vā| sāpi pūrvavadanujñāpyate| he 'sarasvati'! māṃ 'anumanyasva'|

1.16

yajuridaṃ saviddevatam | bahvanyatra kriyāpadāni, pratikriyāpadaśva mantrasamāmniyuktā | he 'deva' dānādikriyāyukta 'savitaḥ' karmaṇo'nujñātaḥ san 'prasuva yajñaṃ' yajñaśabdena vartamānaṃ karma ucyate, tat prasuva anujānohi | tathā 'yajñapatiṃ' yajamānaṃ 'prasuva' yajñasvāminaṃ mām anujānohi | 'bhagāya' karmaphalabhājanāya | tvayā hyanujñāto'nuṣṭhitakarmaphalabhāg bhavati ; bhajyate sevyate bhaga iti karmaphalamihocyate, taddhi kartṛbhiḥ sevyate | kiñca 'divyo gandharvaḥ ketapūḥ'—divi bhavo divyaḥ ; gauḥ pṛthivī tatsthān rasān raśmibhiḥ dhayati pivati¹ iti gandharvaḥ sūryaḥ ; ketaṃ cittaṃ² punāti iti ketapūḥ | sa evambhūto 'naḥ' asmākaṃ 'ketaṃ' cittaṃ 'punātu' nirmalīkarotu karmasādhanayogyaṃ karotu ityarthaḥ | kiñca 'vācaspatiḥ' prāṇaḥ³ naḥ asmākaṃ 'vācaṃ' 'svadatu' āsvādayatu srotavyasya devatāviśeṣasya prītikarīṃ karotu ityarthaḥ | tadevamatra ādityā gandharvarūpeṇa prāṇarūpeṇa ca stūyate | ekamevedaṃ jyotistridhā vyavasthitam ādityātmanā vidyudātmanā agnyātmanā ceti |

1.17

yajuridam| parameṣṭhī ṛṣiḥ, rudrarūpo'gnirdevatā, virūpācajape viniyogaḥ| 'tapaḥ' upavāsādi, 'tejaḥ' prakāśātmakam, 'śraddhā' cittasya kāluṣyopaśamo¹ dharmaḥ, 'hrīḥ' lajjā, 'satyam' yathārthavāditvam, 'akrodhaḥ' pratikūlaviṣaye'pi manasaḥ prasādaḥ, 'tyāgaḥ' nyāyārjitasya dhanasya vidhinā visargaḥ, 'dhṛtiḥ' saumanasyaṃ, 'dharmaḥ' yajñakarma, 'sattvaṃ' ātmani prakāśātmako² guṇaḥ, 'vāk' vacanaviṣayam indriyam, 'manaḥ' hṛtpratiṣṭhitam³, 'ātmā' citrajñaḥ, 'brahma' paraṃ tattvam| sarve cakārāḥ parasparāpecyā samuccayārthāḥ| 'tāni' tapaḥprabhṛtoni, 'prapadye' śaraṇaṃ gacchāmi| ataḥ 'tāni' tapaḥprabhṛtoni brahmaparyantāni dyumaṃ yajñaṃ kurvantaṃ 'mām' 'avantu' rakṣantu| 'bhūḥ' pṛthivī, 'bhuvaḥ' antarikṣam, 'svaḥ' dyauḥ, 'oṃ' ātmā; ete yadātmānaḥ taṃ⁴ 'sahātmam' anantam ātmānaṃ rudrāgnirūpaṃ⁵ 'prapadye' prapadyo'smi

1.18

'virūpācaḥ' nānāprakārendriyaḥ⁶ 'assi' bhavasi| tathā ca smṛtiḥ⁷— "sarvataḥ pāṇipādāntaḥ sarvato'kṣiśiromukhaḥ| viśvarūpo mahānagniḥ praṇotaḥ sarvakarmasu ||" iti ||⁸ 'dṛttākṣiḥ' dṛtān anakti vyajyatīti auṇādika iñ, "añjū vyakti-mrakṣaṇā-kānti-gatiṣu" (dhā0 7,211) vyaktadanta⁹ ityarthaḥ| 'tasya' evambhūtasya 'te' tava 'śravyā' śrayanasthānaṃ 'parṇe' upalepanollekhanābhyuccaṇā-dibhiḥ saṃskṛte khaṇḍile "bhūmo sthānamasi" iti smṛteḥ| tathā 'gaṭṭa'
gṛhasya 'antarikṣe' bhuvarloke 'vimitaṃ' nirmitaṃ hiraṇyagarbhaprabhṛtibhiḥ| kīdṛśaṃ tad gṛham? 'hiraṇmayaṃ' suvarṇamayam| tathā ca śrutiḥ— "jvalitamagniṃ praviśantamantarikṣam|" 'tat' tasmin gṛhe 'devānām' indrādīnāṃ 'hṛdayāni' tiṣṭhantīti vākyaśeṣaḥ| tairdevahṛdayaiḥ sahaikasthito'gniḥ prārthyate—he agne! kadā punastvamasmākaṃ havirānayiṣyasīti agnimukhatvād devānām| kasminniva? 'ayasmaye' lohamaye 'kumbhe' ghaṭe iva| 'antaḥ' madhye agnau¹ 'sannihitāni' ekībhūtāni 'tāni' devahṛdayāni 'balabhṛcca' balam upacayaṃ vibhartti puṣṇātīti balabhṛt ātmabhaktānām², tathā balaṃ sādayati avasādayati vipacāṇāmiti 'balasāt', agneḥ pratīhārau etau 'rakṣataḥ' pratipālayataḥ| kimbhūtau? 'apramaṇau' apramādinau| punaḥ kimbhūtau? 'animiṣat' animilitākṣau| yadetat tau rakṣataḥ 'tat' 'satyam' tābhyāṃ hi rakṣite agnau yajamānaḥ śraddhāvān patnīsahitaḥ paśu-puroḍāścādi juhoti| 'yat' 'te' tava saṃvatsarākhyasya yajñasya 'dvādaśa putrāḥ' agnyākhyāḥ, te 'saṃvatsare saṃvatsare' 'kāmapreṇa' abhilāṣapūrakeṇa 'yajñena' jyotiṣṭomādinā yajamānaṃ 'yājayitvā' 'punaḥ' 'tvā' tvāṃ 'brahmacaryaṃ' brahmabhūtam 'upayanti' praviśanti| he agne 'tvaṃ' 'deveṣu' devalokeṣu 'brāhmaṇaḥ asi', 'ahaṃ' 'manuṣyeṣu' manuṣyalokeṣu| 'brāhmaṇaḥ' 'vai' yataḥ 'brāhmaṇamupadhāvati' brāhmaṇamevopasevate, ataḥ 'tvā' tvām 'upadhāvāmi' paricarāmi| upadhāvanasya kāraṇamāha—'japantaṃ mā mā pratijāpoḥ, juhvantaṃ mā mā pratihauṣoḥ, kurvantaṃ mā mā pratikārṣīḥ'| etaduktaṃ bhavati—japa-homa-karmakāle mama tvaṃ prātikūlyaṃ mā gāḥ| ataḥ 'tvām' ahaṃ 'prapadye' prapanno'smi, 'tvayā' 'prasṛtaḥ' anujñātaḥ 'idaṃ' prastutaṃ 'karma' 'kariṣyāmi'| yata evamataḥ 'tat' karma 'me' mama tvatprasādāt
'rādhyatāṃ saṃvidhyatām| 'tat' 'me' 'sannadhyatāṃ' saṃvardhatāṃ sampūrṇaśca bhavatu ityarthaḥ| 'tat' 'me' 'upapadyatāṃ' phaladānasamarthaṃ jāyatām| yat te dvādaśa agnayaḥ putrā ityuktāṃ tān nāmaprayogeṇa katicid darśayitumāha—samudra iva 'samudraḥ', viśvaṃ vyaśnuti¹ vividhaṃ gacchatīti 'viśvavyacāḥ' padārthe'dhyaccaḥ, 'brahma' nāmāgniḥ, tathā 'tuthaḥ' agniḥ, 'viśvavedāḥ' sarvasya veditā, tathā 'brahmaṇaḥ putraḥ', tathā 'śvācaḥ' agniḥ, tathā 'pracetāḥ' prakṛṣṭamanā agniḥ, tathā 'maitrāvaruṇaḥ', asmin karmaṇi pravṛttaṃ 'mā' māṃ 'anujānātu' anujñāṃ dadātu ityarthaḥ| he agne! yastvamanekaprakāraḥ prāguktaḥ 'tasmai' tubhyaṃ 'virūpāccāya dantācyai samudrāya viśvavyacase tuṣāya viśvavedase khyātāya pracetase sahasrāccāya brahmaṇaḥ putrāya namaḥ'| 'gṛh' 'tat' 'animiṣat' iti subluk (pā0 7, 1, 381)| 'ayastraye' iti "ayastyādīni chandasi" (pā0 1,4, 20) iti bhasaṃjñā| 'apramaṇo' iti prakaṭaṃ manaḥ pramāṇaḥ tad yasya asti iti "chandasovanipau ca vaktavyau" (vā0—pā0 5,2,122) iti īkārapratyayaḥ ṭilopaśchāndasaḥ "vā chandasi" (6,1,106) iti pūrvasavarṇaḥ| kāmapreṇa iti "prā pūraṇe" (dhā0 2,51) "āto'nupasarge kaḥ" (pā0 3,2,3)| 'upa tvā dhāvāmi' iti vyavahitopasarga-sambandhaḥ| juhvantam iti chāndaso num|
iti chāndogyamanvabhāṣye prathamaṃ khaṇḍam|

Linked texts (1)

Chāndogyabrāhmaṇa — Sanskrit