Chāndogya (Upaniṣad) Brāhmaṇa 5

Chāndogyabrāhmaṇa bhāṣya 5

Language: Sanskrit

5.1

'dhanvanyāḥ āpaḥ' sarūdeśabhavāni jalāni 'yaṃ' kalyāṇaṃ 'naḥ' asmākaṃ bhavantu iti śeṣaḥ| tathā 'nūpyāḥ' anūpadeśabhavāḥ āpaḥ 'śamanaḥ santu' yaṃ kalyāṇam analgoti śamanaḥ kalyāṇaprāpikāḥ santu| tathā 'samudriyāḥ' samudrabhavāḥ 'āpaḥ' 'naḥ' asmākaṃ 'śaṃ' kurvantu| tathā 'kūpyāḥ' kūpabhavāḥ āpaḥ 'śamanaḥ santu'| dhanvanyāḥ, nūpyāḥ, kūpyāḥ iti "bhave cchandasi" (pā0 4,4,110) iti yat| nūpyāḥ ityakāralopaḥ chāndasaḥ| samudriyāḥ iti samudrāt ghaḥ

5.2

'āpaḥ' jalāni 'mā' mās 'enasaḥ' pāpāt 'śundhantu' pāvayantu pavitro bhuvantu| "śundha śuddhau"| atra dṛṣṭāntamāha—'tūpadādiva susu-
cānaḥ' yathā 'drupadāt' drucamūlāt drucamūlaṃ prāpya 'khinnaḥ' gharmāktaḥ 'susucānaḥ' mukto bhavati, yathā ca 'snātaḥ' kṛtasnānaḥ 'malāt' vasādeḥ mukto bhavati, yathā ca 'ājyaṃ' ghṛtaṃ 'pavitreṇa' ājyasaṃskāravidhinā 'pūtaṃ' bhavati tathā māmapi srāpaḥ pāvayantu iti āśaṃsā vākyārthaḥ| susucānaḥ iti "sucla mocaṇe" liṭ kānac

5.4

mārjane viniyuktāḥ¹| he 'āpaḥ' ! 'hi' yasmāt yūyaṃ 'mayobhuvaḥ stha' mayaḥ sukhaṃ tasya bhāvayitraḥ bhavatha, 'tā' tasmāt 'naḥ' asmān 'ūrje' annāya 'dadhātana' sthāpayata| kiñca 'mahe' mahate 'raṇāya' ramaṇīyāya 'cakṣase' darśanīyāya abhighātuṃ 'dadhātana'| ayamarthaḥ—he āpaḥ! yato yūyaṃ sukhaṃ prāpayatha tasmāt asmān aihikena annādena asuṣikeṇa ca mahāramaṇīyadarśanena parabrahmaṇā saṃyojayata ityasu prārthanā| hi ṣṭā iti aslelaṃṭ madhyamapuruṣabahuvacanaṃ "pūrvapadāt" (pā0 8,3,106) iti ṣatvam, "anyeṣāmapi dṛśyate" (pā0 6,3,130) iti dīrghaḥ| tā iti tacchabdāt ṅaseḥ "supāṃ suluk" (pā0 7,1,38) ityādinā ḍādeśaḥ| dadhātana iti "tanamanayanāśca" (pā0 7,1,45) iti tanabādeśaḥ| mahe iti ṭilopaśchāndasaḥ| raṇāya iti ramaṇīyaśabdasya raṇādeśaḥ pṛṣodarāditvāt chandasi| cakṣase iti cakṣiṅaḥ tumarthe asen

5.5

oṃkārasya ṛṣiḥ brahmā¹, chando gāyatrī, devatā agniḥ, viniyogaḥ sarvakarmārambhe| saptānāṃ vyāhṛtīnām ṛṣiḥ prajāpatiḥ, gāyatrī uṣṇik anuṣṭup bṛhatī paṅktiḥ viṣṭup jagatī etāni krameṇa chandāṃsi, agni-vāyusūrya-bṛhaspati-varuṇendra-²viśvedevāḥ devatāḥ| taditi ṛcastu viśvāmitraḥ ṛṣiḥ, chandaḥ gāyatrī, devatā savitā| āpo jyotiḥ yajuḥ, prajāpatiḥ ṛṣiḥ, brahma-vāyugni-sūryāḥ devatāḥ| sarvatra viniyogaḥ prāṇāyāme| "savyāhṛtiṃ sapraṇavāṃ gāyatrīṃ śirasā saha| triḥ paṭhedāyataprāṇaḥ prāṇāyāmaḥ sa ucyate ||" iti yājñavalkyavacanāt prāṇāyāme īdṛśaḥ pāṭhaḥ| vyāhṛtayo bhūrādayaḥ
sama| praṇavaḥ oṃkāraḥ| taditi gāyatrī| āpojyotirityādi griraḥ|
'tat' tasya 'savituḥ' sarvabhāvānāṃ prasavituḥ 'devasya' dīpti-krīḍādi-yuktasya¹ 'bhargaḥ' bhargaṃ tejaḥ 'dhīmahi' cintayāmaḥ| atra yadyapi taditi padaṃ² viśeṣaṇaṃ nāsti tathāpi yacchabdaprayogādeva tacchabdaprayogo labhyate|³ 'yaḥ' bhargaḥ⁴ 'naḥ' asmākaṃ 'dhiyaḥ' buddhīḥ 'pracodayāt' prerayati dharmārthakāmamokṣeṣu niyojayati| kimbhūtaṃ bhargaṃ cintayāmaḥ? 'vareṇyaṃ' varaṇīyaṃ janmamṛtyuduḥkhādibhīrubhiḥ dhyānena upāsanīyam ityarthaḥ|⁵
atra yadyapi saviturbhargaḥ iti savitṛbhargayoḥ bhedaḥ pratīyate tathāpi paramārthacintāyām ādityabhargayoḥ abheda eva|
evaṃ gāyatryā bhargasya māhātmyam upadarśya punastasyaiva mahāprabhāvatvaṃ samavyāhṛtibhiḥ viśeṣaṇabhūtābhiḥ abhidhīyate| kimbhūto bhargaḥ? bhūrādisaptalokaprakāśanaḥ| 'bhūḥ' pṛthivī, 'bhuvaḥ' antarīkṣaṃ, 'svaḥ' dyauḥ, 'mahaḥ' maharlokaḥ, 'janaḥ' janalokaḥ, 'tapaḥ' tapolokaḥ, 'satyaṃ'
satyalokaḥ, evam uparyuparikrameṇa avasthitān sapta lokān abhivyāpya avatiṣṭhamāno bhargaḥ etān sapta lokān prakāśayatītyarthaḥ | sapta lokāḥ punaḥ saptasyāhnatayaḥ eva | atra ca "tryatyanodgataṃ brahma" iti pratyavāyaparihārāya prativyāhṛti praṇavānāṃ prayogaḥ |
evamādityasvarūpasya bhargasya prabhāvanupavarṇya punastasyevotkarṣaḥ giromantreṇa pratipādyate | punarapi kīdṛgbhargaḥ ? 'brahma' brahmasvarūpaḥ bharga eva paramātmabhūta ityarthaḥ | tathā 'jyotiḥ' tejaḥsvarūpaḥ maṇi-pāṣāṇa-dhātūnāṃ tejorūpeṇa saṃsthitaḥ | tathā 'rasaḥ', vṛṇahacauṣadhisthāvareṣu sa rasarūpeṇa vasatītyarthaḥ | etena akhilasthāvarajaṅgamameva tena vyāptamiti | na kevalamayaṃ bhargaḥ paramātmasvarūpatayaiva jaṅgameṣu vartate api tu amṛtanāmnā cetanātmā¹'pi sa eva bhargaḥ iti pradarśyate 'amṛtam' iti | amṛtanāmnā jyotirmayaḥ cetanātmā¹ prāṇināṃ hṛdaye yo vasati so'pi bharga eva | tathāhi-prāṇināṃ hṛdaye sūryamaṇḍalam, tanmadhye somamaṇḍalam tanmadhye tejaḥ, tejomadhye satyaṃ, satyamadhye paramātmā, tatra somamaṇḍalasya madhye hutāśano vasati, sa evāmṛtanāmā cetanātmā¹ | tadevaṃsvarūpaḥ amṛtanāmā cetanātmā¹'pi tasya paramātmasvarūpasya bhargasyaiva mūrtiḥ iti pratipāditam | kiṃ ca yatra jale trailokyamidam utpannaṃ tadapi bharga eva iti darśayati 'āpaḥ' iti | kāraṇajalasvarūpo bharga eva | tathā brahma-viṣṇu-rudramūrtibhedena sṛṣṭisthitipralayapravartayitā bharga eva iti pradarśayituṃ viśeṣaṇaṃ 'bhūrbhuvaḥsvaḥ' iti | etadgrāhatitrayaṃ sattvarajastamomayabrahma-viṣṇu-rudrātmakam iti | ityaṃ sacarācaratrailokyameva bhargaḥsvarūpam | tataśca parabrahmasvarūpitvaṃ tasya pratipāditam | tadevaṃ vākyārthaḥ—yaḥ yathābhūto bhargaḥ
asmān prerayati sa eva jalajyotīrasāmṛta-bhūrādilokatrayātmakasacarācarasvarūpabrahmaviṣṇumaheśvarasūryādinānādevatāmayaḥ paramabrahmasvarūpaḥ bhūrādisaptalokān prakāśayan madīyaṃ jīvātmakaṃ jyotīrūpaṃ satyākhyaṃ saptamaṃ lokaṃ brahmasthānaṃ nautvā ātmanyeva brahmajyotiṣā saha ekabhāvaṃ karotu iti japan prāṇāyāmaṃ kuryāt ||3-5

5.6

'mā' māṃ 'rakṣantām' pālayantu⁶ ! ke ? 'sūryaśca', 'manyuśca' manyuyajñaḥ, 'manyupatayaśca' yajñapatayaḥ⁷,—ete sarve māmavantu| kebhyaḥ ? 'pāpebhyaḥ'| kimbhūtebhyaḥ ? 'manyukṛtebhyaḥ' aśvāṅgayajñakṛtebhyaḥ| manyuḥ krodho vā, krodhapatayaḥ indriyāṇi, krodhakṛtebhyaḥ pāpebhyaḥ rakṣantām iti| kimuktaṃ syāt ? mama etādṛśaḥ krodho mā bhavatu yena aham akāryaṃ karomīti| kiñca 'yat' pāpaṃ 'rātryā' 'akārṣam'| kena ? 'manasā', 'vācā', 'hastābhyāṃ', 'padbhyām', 'udareṇa', 'śiśnā' śiśnena, 'tat' pāpam 'ahaḥ' divasaḥ 'avalumpatu' khaṇḍayatu| 'yat kiñcit' 'mayi' madāśritaṃ 'duritaṃ' pāpaṃ tat 'idam'
'ahaṃ' 'sūrye' 'juhomi'| kimbhūte? 'jyotiṣi' hṛtpadmamadhyasthita-prakāśasvarūpe, 'paramātmani' paramātmasvarūpe, 'amṛtayonau' cetanātmakāraṇe¹, pānīyarūpeṇa tat pāpaṃ juhomi 'svāhā' suhutaṃ bhavatu| myisrā iti "supāṃ suluk" (pā0 7,1,38) ityādinā tṛtīyaikavacanasya ḍādeśaḥ |

5.7

'āpaḥ' 'pṛthivīṃ' 'punantu' pavitrāṃ kurvantu| sā 'pṛthivī' aṅgiḥ 'pūtā' satī 'māṃ' caivrahmaṃ 'punātu'| na kevalam āpaḥ pṛthivīṃ punantu api tu 'brahmaṇaḥ' 'patim' āśrayabhūtaṃ paramātmānam api 'punantu'| tad 'brahma' 'pūtā' pūtaṃ sat 'māṃ' 'punātu'| atra pṛthivopadena pārthiva-deho vivakṣitaḥ| tataśca āpaḥ pṛthivīṃ punantu pārthivaṃ deham idaṃ pāvayantu, dehapāvanadvārā ca māṃ jīvātmasvarūpaṃ punantu| kutra? 'yat' 'ucchiṣṭam' apāvanam, 'abhojyaṃ' garhitabhojanaṃ, 'yad vā' yadapi 'duścaritam' asadācaraṇam, 'asatām' apratigrāhyāṇāṃ 'pratigrahañca' tat 'sarvaṃ' sarvatra māṃ āpaḥ punantu| ityam āśvāsya yā āpaḥ ācamyante tāḥ 'svāhā'| āpaḥ ācamanena madīyadehapāvanapūrvakam ucchiṣṭādirūpe pāpe māṃ pāvayantu ityāśaṃsā vākyārthaḥ| brahmaṇaspatiḥ iti vyatyayena dvitīyārthe prathamā| pūtā iti "supāṃ suluk"
(pā0 7,1,39) ityādinā sordeśyaḥ| pratigṛham iti vyatyayena napuṃsakatā| sarvam iti samamyāḥ staḥ

5.8

'yadvā' divasena 'yat' 'pāpam' 'akārṣam' 'tat' 'rātriḥ' 'avalumpatu'| 'idaṃ' jalaṃ 'jyotiṣi' 'satye' satyasvarūpe 'juhomi'| śeṣaḥ uktārthaḥ| prātaḥ sūryasya dīpyamānatvāt sāyañca agnerbhāsamānatvāt yathāyogaṃ sūryāgnī prārthyete

5.10

he āpaḥ! 'vaḥ' yuṣmākaṃ 'yaḥ' 'rasaḥ' niryāsaḥ 'śivatamaḥ' atyantakalyāṇarūpaḥ 'tasya' rasasya 'iha' 'naḥ' asmān 'bhājayata' bhāginaḥ kuruta, rasena sambaddhān asmān kuruta| kimbhūtāḥ yūyam? 'uśatīḥ' icchāvatyaḥ snehalāḥ 'mātara iva'| ayamarthaḥ—yathā sasnehāḥ mātaraḥ putrān stanyarasabhāginaḥ kurvanti, tathā yūyam asmān kalyāṇakārirasasambaddhān kuruta ityasu prārthanā| uśatīḥ iti 'vaśa kāntau' graṭapratyayaḥ, "gahvijyā" (pā0 6,1,16) ityādinā samprasāraṇam, "uśitataḥ" (pā0 4,1,6) iti ṅīp, "vā chandasi" (pā0 6,1, 106) iti pūrvasavarṇaḥ

5.11

etāḥ tisro gāyatraḥ sindhudvīpaṛṣirāpaśca devatāḥ
he 'āpaḥ !' 'vaḥ' yuṣmākaṃ 'tasmai' tasmin rase 'araṃ' alaṃ paryāptaṃ 'gamāsa' tatra rase vrajāma gacchāma ityarthaḥ| kiñca tatra rase 'naḥ' asmān 'janayatha' tadrasabhoktṛtvena asmān parikalpayatha| 'yasya' rasasya 'cayāya' caye sthāne 'jinvatha' prīṇayatha brahmādistambaparyantaṃ jagat iti śeṣaḥ| ayamarthaḥ—yuṣmākaṃ yasya rasasya sthāne jagat yūyaṃ prīṇayatha tasya viṣaye vayaṃ vrajāma gacchāmaḥ, yūyañca naḥ tadrasabhogaṃ janayatha| tasmai iti cayāya iti samasyarthaḥ caturthī| gamāma iti prārthanāyāṃ liṅarthe leṭ āṭ| jinvatha iti jividhātorleṭ madhyamapuruṣabahuvacanam| janayathā iti pūrvavaddīrghaḥ| athavā he āpaḥ! vaḥ yuṣmākaṃ yasya rasasya cayasya jagadādhārabhūtasya yūyaṃ jinvatha prīṇayatha, tasmai rasāya vayam araṃ śīghraṃ gacchāmaḥ, tataśca naḥ asmākaṃ yūyamapi taṃ rasaṃ janayatha

5.12

etāḥ tisraḥ anuṣṭubhaḥ aghamarṣaṇaṛṣiṣṭaṣṭāḥ bhāvavṛttadevatāḥ aśva-medhāvabhṛthe viniyuktāḥ¹| 'ṛtaṃ' 'satyam' iti paraṃ brahma ucyate| tathā ca śrutiḥ—"ṛtamekākṣaraṃ brahma" "satyaṃ jñānamanantaṃ brahma" iti| āsīt ityadhyāhāryam| tadayamarthaḥ—ṛtañca satyañca āsīt para-
brahmamātram āsīt; etena mahāpralayāvasthā pratipāditā; mahāpralayasamaye kevalaṃ brahmamātram āsīt ityarthaḥ | ‘tataḥ’ mahāpralayāvasthāyāmeva ‘rātryajāyata’ rātriḥ samutpannā, sakalam andhakāramayam āsīdityarthaḥ | tathā ca smṛtiḥ—‘‘āsīdidaṃ tamobhūtamaprajñātamalakṣaṇam |” iti | ‘tataḥ’ pralayāvasāne sṛṣṭyārambhasamaye ‘tapasaḥ’ adṛṣṭabalāt ‘samudraḥ’ ‘adhyajāyata’ | kimbhūntaḥ ? ‘arṇavaḥ’ pāṇīyayuktaḥ, sakalajagadutpattinimittaṃ jalarāśiḥ utpanna ityarthaḥ | tathā ca smṛtiḥ— “apa eva sasarjādau tāsu bījamavāsṛjat” iti | kimbhūtāt tapasaḥ ? ‘abhīddhāt’ abhi sarvatobhāvena samṛddhāt labdhavṛtteḥ; pralayasamaye hi hi niruddhavṛtti adṛṣṭaṃ bhavati | tataḥ ‘samudrāt arṇavāt’ ‘dhātā’ sraṣṭā ajāyata | kimbhūntaḥ ? ‘miṣataḥ’ prakaṭībhavataḥ ‘viśvasya” ‘vaśī’ prabhuḥ, mahāpralaye viluptasya jagataḥ nirmāṇe prabhuḥ ityarthaḥ | sa ‘dhātā’ ‘yathāpūrvvaṃ’ yathākramaṃ ‘sūryyācandramasau’ akalpayat | kimbhūto ? ‘ahorātrāṇi vidadhat’ ahorātrān kurvāṇo, sūrye eva hi divasaṃ karoti candramāśca rātrim | tataḥ sūryyacandrayorutpattyanantaraṃ ‘saṃvatsaraḥ’ ‘ajāyata’, sūryyacandrotpattau rātrindivavibhāgakalpanayā saṃvatsarasambhavaḥ | ‘atho’ anantaraṃ ‘divaṃ’ svargaṃ, ‘pṛthivīṃ’ mahīṃ, ‘antarikṣam’ ākāśaṃ, ‘svaḥ’ nakṣatralokoparisthaṃ svargalokaṃ sa eva dhātā akalpayat, carācarātmakasakalalokaṃ sa eva dhātā sṛṣṭavān | rātrīti “rātrecājasau” 6pā0 4,1,31) iti ṅīp | arṇavaḥ iti “arṇaso lopaśca” (vā0—pā0 5,2,106) iti matvarthe vaḥ sakāralopaśca | vidadhat iti dvivacanasya “supāṃ suluk0” (pā0 7,1,39, ) iti luk

5.13

'tvaṃ' taṃ 'deve' 'ketavaḥ' raśmayaḥ 'udyanti'| kimbhūtam? 'jāta-vedasaṃ' tejomayam| kimartham udyanti? 'vikhyāya' vikhyasya 'dṛśe' darśanāya| ayamarthaḥ—tejaḥsvarūpaṃ sūryaṃ viśvaprakāśanāya raśmayaḥ udyanti| udu ityukāraḥ sambodhane| dṛśe iti "dṛśe vikhye ca" (pā0 3,4,11) iti tumarthe kepratyayaḥ| vikhthāya iti ṣaṣṭhyarthe caturthī ||13 kaudṛśo'yaṃ sūryaḥ ityatrocyate—

5.14

asau sūryaḥ 'udagāt' uditaḥ abhavat| kimbhūtaḥ? 'mitrasya varuṇasya agneḥ' trayāṇāṃ devānāṃ 'cakṣuḥ'| punaḥ kimbhūtaḥ? 'devānām' 'anīkaṃ' samūharūpaḥ| katham udagāt? 'citram' āścaryaṃ yathā bhavati| udayānantaraṃ 'dyāvāpṛthivī antarikṣaṃ' ca 'āprāḥ' pūritavān svena raśmijālena ityarthaḥ| punaḥ kimbhūtaḥ? 'jagataḥ' jaṅgamasya 'tasthuṣaḥ' sthāvarasya ca 'ātmā', sthāvarajaṅgamātmakasakala-saṃsāramayaḥ ayameva sūryaḥ ityarthaḥ| etau ca mantrau sūryopasthāne viniyuktau sūryadevatau gāyatrī-viṣṭupchandasau praskakha-kaukṣeṣṭau yathākramam| āprāḥ iti vyatyayena te: siḥ

5.15

"oṃkāraṃ pūrvamuccāryaṃ bhūrbhuvaḥ svaranantaram | gāyatro praṇavaścānte jape hyevamudāhṛtā ||" iti yogiyājñavalkyavacanāt japagāyatrīyam | śeṣamuktārtham |
25||

5.16

triṣṭubiyam āgneyī kāśyapaddṛṣṭā ātmarakṣāyāṃ viniyuktā | vayaṃ 'jātavedase' agnaye 'somaṃ' yajñaviśeṣaṃ 'sunavāma' sandhīrmahi | 'saḥ' jātavedāḥ 'arātīyataḥ' arātihitān 'nidahāti' bhasmīkaroti | tathā 'vedaḥ' vedaṃ pariṣadati¹ rāśīkaroti | 'naḥ' asmākam ityubhayatra yojyam | tathā 'viśvā' viśvam 'agniḥ' agninā 'durgāṇi' 'duritāni' atikrāmati 'nāvā sindhumiva' naukayā nadīmiva | sunavāma iti loṭ uttamapuruṣabahuvacanaṃ mas, "nityaṃ ṅitaḥ" (pā0 3,4,86) iti sakāralopaḥ āṭ guṇaḥ | arātīyataḥ iti arātiśabdāt hitārthe "prākkrītācchaḥ" (pā0 5,1,1) ādyāditvāt dvitīyāntāt tasiḥ | nidahāti iti leṭa āṭ | vedaḥ iti dvitīyārthe prathamā | pariṣadati iti leṭa², "sadiraprateḥ" (pā0 8,3,66) iti ṣatvam | viśvā iti "supāṃ suluk" (pā07,1,39) ityādinā soḥ ātvam | duritāti iti duḥkhena itaḥ duritaḥ, durita ivācarati ityācāre kvip tato leṭa āṭ | agniḥ iti tvatoyaikavacanasya suḥ |

5.17

anuṣṭubayaṃ kālāgnirudradṛṣṭā rudradevatā upasthāne viniyuktā| karomi iti kriyāpadam adhyāhāryam| śeṣaṃ sugamam¹ |
iti bhaṭṭa-śrīguṇāviṣṇukṛte chāndogyamantrabhāṣye pañcamaṃ khaṇḍam|

Linked texts (1)

Chāndogyabrāhmaṇa — Sanskrit