Chāndogya (Upaniṣad) Brāhmaṇa 7
Chāndogyabrāhmaṇa bhāṣya 7
- Language
- Sanskrit
7.2
iyañca "ṣor̤aśarcasya sūktasya ṛṣirnārāyaṇaḥ smṛtaḥ| chando'nuṣṭup viṣṭavante devatā puruṣaḥ smṛtaḥ || viniyogaḥ puruṣamedhaproccaṇīyapuruṣastutau| ādyayāvāccaidaṃ devam ||" ityādinarahiṃhapurāṇavacanāt bhagavatpūjāyāmapi upayujyate| 'puruṣaḥ' nābherūrdhvaṃ 'daśāṅgulam' 'ati' atikramya 'atiṣṭhat', arthāt hṛtpadmamadhye vijñānarūpaḥ sthitaḥ| kimbhūtaḥ? 'sahasraśīrṣā', sahasraśaṣṭaḥ asaṃkhyātavacanaḥ, asaṃkhyātamūrdhā| tathā 'sahasrākṣaḥ', anyāni buddhīndriyāṇi samanaskāni ṣaḍcante, tathā 'sahasrapāt' pādaśabdena karmendriyāṇi pañca uccante| etena trailokyodaravartināṃ prāṇināṃ yāni śarīrāṇi sabuddhīndriyāṇi sakarmendriyāṇi ca tāni sarvāṇi asyaiva puruṣasya ityarthaḥ| ata eva ayaṃ sahasrākṣaḥ sahasrapāt sahasraśīrṣā ca| katham atiṣṭhat? 'bhūmiṃ' 'sarvataḥ' 'spṛtvā' vyāpya, bhūmiśabdo bhūmyārabdhaprāṇidehavacanaḥ, tathā ca trailokyavartināṃ pārthivadehān vyāpya ityarthaḥ| sahasraśīrṣatvādinā yad vyāpakatvam upakrāntaṃ tat anena sphuṭoktaṃ, sarvadehināṃ hṛdayasthaṃ vijñānasvarūpaṃ puruṣaṃ sahasraśīrṣatvādisvarūpotkīrtanena abhimukhoktya saḥ asyāṃ mama kriyamāṇāyāṃ pūjāyāṃ sānnidhyaṃ kalpayatu ityāśaṃsāvākyārthaḥ| atra nābherūrdhvaṃ daśāṅgulam atikramya hṛdayaṃ bhavati iti anubhavasiddham, tatra ca eṣaḥ tiṣṭhatīti| "yamo vaivasvato devo yastavaiṣa hṛdi sthitaḥ" iti manuvacanaṃ pramāṇam| pṛtvā iti "pṛṅ vyāyāme"| sarvatam iti kaskāditvāt satvam
7.3
'idaṃ' yat vartamānakālīnaṃ, 'yat' ca 'bhūtam' atītakālīnaṃ, tat 'sarvaṃ' 'puruṣa eva'| etena kālatrayagocaro bhagavān āvirbhūtasvarūpaḥ iti darśitam| tathā 'yat' 'annena' annadānīyena 'atirohati' janma labhate, jaṅgamarūpaṃ bhaktādyāhāreṇa sthāvararūpaṃ jalasantarpaṇādinā, tadapi sarvaṃ puruṣa eva ityarthaḥ| kimbhūtaḥ saḥ puruṣaḥ? 'amṛtatvasya' mokṣasya 'īśānaḥ' prabhuḥ, mokṣadātā sa eva ityarthaḥ| atrāpi anena mantreṇa abhimukhīkṛto bhagavān agniḥ kusumādimaye'pi mayopanīte āsane sānnidhyaṃ kurvatu iti āśāsyate ||1
7.4
'asya' puruṣasya 'etāvān' 'mahimā' yat pūrvoktaṃ sarvadeśakālavyāpakaṃ saṃsārāpavargaprasurūpatvañca| 'ataḥ' yasmāt kāraṇāt 'pūruṣaḥ' 'jyāyān' śreṣṭhaḥ| ataḥ 'asya' 'viśvā bhūtāni' sarvāṇi pañca bhūtāni pṛthivyādīni 'pādaḥ'| aparañca 'asya' 'tripāt' pāda-trayam ṛg-yajuḥ-sāmātmakaṃ sūryasvarūpaṃ 'divi' 'amṛtaṃ' mokṣadvāraṃ sumuccūṇāṃ sūryamaṇḍalabhedanadvāreṇa gacchatāṃ paramātmani layāt mokca-dvāram iti bhāvaḥ| yenāsya bhagavato viśvaṃ pādaḥ tena pādyaṃ dīyate
pādaṃ stutvā iti | viśvā iti "grīṣmandasi bahulam" (pā0 6,1,70) iti grīlopaḥ
7.5
asya catuṣpāccaturṇasya puruṣasya yaḥ asau 'tripāt' 'puruṣaḥ' ṛg-yajuḥ-sāma-lakṣaṇaḥ bhagavān ādityaḥ, sa 'ūrdhvaḥ' sthāvarajaṅgamānāṃ karmabandhanibaddhānāmupari sthitaḥ 'abhyudet' abhyuditavān ; kiñca 'asya' catuṣpāccaraṇasya 'pādaḥ' caturthaḥ aṃśaḥ 'iha' jagati hiraṇyagarbhatayā 'abhavat' prathamataḥ sattāmātreṇa ātmānam akarot | kimbhūte jagati ? 'sāśanānaśane' bhoktari ca abhoktari ca ; yeṣāṃ sukti adhikāraḥ te bhoktāraḥ brāhmaṇādayaḥ, yeṣām anadhikāraḥ te abhoktāraḥ krami-kīṭa-prabhṛtayaḥ ; tadevaṃ karmavati akarmavati ca jagati pādo vyāpakatayā abhavat | prathamaṃ sattāmātreṇa atiṣṭhat | 'tataḥ' anantaraṃ 'vyakrāmat' vyāmavān karmiṇām akarmiṇāñca śarīrāṇi vyāpya avasthānam akarot | kīṭśaḥ ? 'viṣvaṅ' vi-su-añcau nipātau sarvataḥ ityarthe vartete "suñjaḥ" (pā0 8,3,107) iti patvam, tataḥ "vi-su añcati" iti ṛtvigādisūtreṇa (pā0 3,2,59) kvin, "aniditām0" (pā0 6,4,24) ityanunāsikalopaḥ, prathamaikavacanam, "ugidacām" (pā07,1,70) iti num, hyādilopa-saṃyogāntalopau, "kvinpratyayasya kuḥ" (pā0 8,2,62) iti nasya ṅaḥ, sarvatogāmītyarthaḥ | abhyudet iti vyavacchitopasargasambandhaḥ | atra ca yo bhagavān aharahaḥ abhyudeti nityātithirūpatayā stūyate tasmai arghyam anena dīyate
7.6
'tataḥ' puruṣāt hiraṇyagarbhāt 'virāṭ ajāyata' brahmā abhavat| tasmāt 'virājaḥ' brahmaṇaḥ 'puruṣaḥ' manuḥ 'adhyajāyata'| 'saḥ' manuḥ 'jātaḥ' san 'atyaricyata' atirikto babhūva| kutra? 'paścāt' 'puraḥ' 'adhaḥ' 'bhūmim'| atra paścāt-puraḥśabdau bhūta-bhaviṣyatkālopalakṣakau, bhūmiśabdo deśopalakṣakaḥ| tadayamarthaḥ—sa manuḥ putrapautrādisṛṣṭyā sarvatra jagati pūrvān parāṃśca aticakrāma iti| tadevambhūto bhagavān ācamanīyaṃ gṛhṇātu ityāśāsyate
7.7
yena caturthapādena viśvamitad vyāptaṃ 'pādo'syehābhavat punaḥ' (ṛ0 10|
90|4) ityanena pratipāditaṃ 'tasmāt' pādāt 'yajñāt' yajñasvabhāvāt¹ 'sarvahutaḥ' sarvaiḥ hūyamānāt, khvallope pañcamī, sarvaiḥ hūyamānaṃ yajñam abhisandhāya, 'pṛṣadājyaṃ' 'sambhṛtaṃ' haviḥ utpannam| tat haviḥ kartuṃ 'ye' 'āraṇyāḥ' ye ca 'grāmyāḥ' 'tān' 'paśūn' 'vāyavyān' vāyudaivatān 'cakre' akarot| haviṣaḥ pariṇatijanitatvājjagata iti bhāvaḥ¹| anena ca puruṣam abhimukhīkṛtya asmābhiḥ kāryamāṇaṃ jñānaṃ bhagavān gṛhṇātu ityāśāsyate ||7
7.8
'tasmāt' uktaprakārāt¹ yajñārtham ṛgvedaḥ, sāmavedaḥ, 'chandāṃsi' gāyatryādoni, yajurvedaśca 'ajāyata'| pūrvavadatrāpi yajñāditi pañcamī¹| etena brāhmaṇādyāvaraṇabhūtā trayo, sakalamantrācchādanabhūtaṃ
chandaḥ, bhagavata eva samutpannam| trayo varṇānāṃ prāvaraṇam ityuktaṃ viṣṇupurāṇe— "sarveṣāmiva varṇānāṃ trayo prāvaraṇaṃ smṛtam| tāsutpadyajanti ye mohāccānyāste parikīrtitāḥ ||" iti| chandasāmācchādakatve yogiyājñavalkyaḥ— "chādanāt chandaḥ ityuktaṃ vāsasī iva cākṣateḥ|" tadayamarthaḥ—tvakta eva utpannam ācchādanaṃ tubhyaṃ dadmi¹ iti
'tasmāt' puruṣāt 'aśvāḥ' 'ajāyanta' utpannāḥ² 'ye ke ca' 'ubhayādataḥ' ubhayatodantāḥ paśavaḥ, 'gāvaḥ', 'ajāvayaḥ' chāgameṣādyāśca ajāyanta iti pūrveṇaiva sambandhaḥ³| 'ha' śabdaḥ³ samuccaye| ubhayādataḥ iti "anyeṣāmapi dṛśyate" (pā0 6.3, 137) iti dīrghaḥ| atrāpi sakalayajñasādhanotpattikāraṇaṃ bhagavān yajñasūtraṃ dīyamānaṃ gṛhṇātu iti vākyārthaḥ⁴
7.10
'taṃ' puruṣaṃ 'yajñaṃ' yajñasādhanatvāt yajñasvarūpam⁵ 'barhiṣi' kuśe saṃsthāpya 'devāḥ' brahmaprabhṛtayaḥ, 'sādhyāḥ' devabhedāḥ, 'ṛṣayaśca ye' maroci-
praṣṭatayaḥ te 'proccan' procitavantaḥ | tathā 'tena' yajñasādhanabhūtena puruṣeṇa 'ayajanta' | kimbhūtaṃ puruṣam ? 'agrataḥ' prathamataḥ 'jātam' | proccaṇagrahaṇaṃ sakala¹ sādhanopalakṣaṇam | tadayamarthaḥ—puruṣaṃ pṛṣadājyādirūpeṇa² yajñasādhanabhūtaṃ saṃskṛtya³ devatādyāḥ⁴ dṛṣṭavantaḥ, ataḥ sa bhagavān dīyamānaṃ gṛhṇātu ityāśāste |
7.11
brahmādayo devāḥ 'yat' yajñasādhanaṃ 'puruṣaṃ' 'vyadadhuḥ' cakruḥ | 'katidhā' katiprakāraṃ 'vyakalpayan' viśeṣeṇa kalpitavantaḥ tasya katidhā bhedaṃ jñātavantaḥ ? 'asya' 'mukhaṃ' 'kim āsot' ? 'kiṃ bāhū' ? 'kim ūrū' ? 'pādau' ca kim 'ucyete' ? vakṣyamāṇakalpikābhiḥ puruṣastutau ākāṅkṣājanakatayā iyamapi stutireva iti saṃstutya puṣpaṃ dīyate |
7.12
nigadavyākhyāto'yam⁵ | 'yat' vastu 'vaiśyaḥ' 'tadasya' 'ūrū' | atrāpi varṇacatuṣṭayamayo bhagavān dhūpaṃ gṛhṇātu iti |
7.13
pūrvavadeva vyākhyātaprāyamidaṃ nigadena⁵ | cakṣoḥ iti salopa-
skāndasaḥ| candra-sūrya-vāyubhyo mana-cakṣuḥ-śrotra-prāṇānām utpattiḥ iti sṛṣṭikramaḥ| atra tu acintyamahimni puruṣe¹ viparītametat| ataḥ puruṣastutireva vākyārthaḥ| atra candra-sūryāgnonām utpādakaḥ ayaṃ bhagavān sarvatejomayaḥ iti tejorūpaḥ pradīpaḥ anena dīyate
7.14
nābheḥ ākāśam, mūrdhno dyauḥ, pādābhyāṃ pṛthivī, śrotrāt diśaḥ samavartanta tasya puruṣasya| ataḥ sa 'tathā' tena prakāreṇa 'lokān' 'akalpayan' akalpayat| lokām̐ iti pūrvavat rūpādi| akalpayan iti vyatyayena bahuvacanam| anena abhimukhyenoktya naivedyaṃ dīyate
7.15
'puruṣeṇa' 'haviṣā' pañcabhūtena 'devāḥ' pūrvoktāḥ brahmādayaḥ 'yat' yajñam 'atanvata' kṛtavantaḥ, 'asya' yajñasya 'vasantaḥ' 'ājyaṃ' ghṛtam 'āsīt', 'grīṣmaḥ' 'idhmaḥ' samidviśeṣaḥ āsīt, 'haviḥ' puroḍāśādikaṃ 'arat' āsīt| asya mantrasya stāvakatvāt anvalikāraṇaṃ yuktameva
7.16
'yad yajñaṃ' yaṃ yāgaṃ 'tanvānāḥ' kurvāṇāḥ 'devāḥ' brahmādayaḥ 'puruṣaṃ' 'paśu' paśubhūtam 'abadhnan' hatavantaḥ, 'asya' yajñasya 'sapta' samudrāḥ
'paridhayaḥ' yāgabhūmiveṣṭanāni āsan, 'triḥsapta' chandāṃsi—sapta chandāṃsi, sapta aticchandāṃsi, sapta vyāhṛtayaḥ—'samidhaḥ' kṛtāḥ| atra ca asya yajñamayasya viṣṇoḥ sapta samudrāḥ pradakṣiṇena veṣṭanadravyāṇi| taṃ pradakṣiṇayatām saptasamudraveṣṭi tatpṛthivopradakṣiṇaphalaṃ bhavatu iti pradakṣiṇa-mantro'yam |
7.17
'devāḥ' brahmādayaḥ; 'yajñena' yajñasādhanabhūtena puruṣeṇa 'yajñaṃ' yajñapuruṣaṃ puruṣottamam 'ayajanta' pūjitavantaḥ| kutra dṛṣṭaṃ¹ hiṃsātmakena karmaṇā puruṣaṃ paśuṃ kṛtvā yajñaḥ kriyate? tatrocyate—'tāni' 'dharmāṇi' 'prathamāni' 'āsan'| ata eva 'te' devāḥ evaṃrūpeṇa yajñena iṣṭvā 'nākaṃ' svargaṃ 'sacanta' saṅgatāḥ| 'yatra' svarge 'sādhyādayo' devāḥ 'mahimānaḥ' mahātmānaḥ; 'pūrve' ādyāḥ 'santi'| 'ha' śabdaḥ pādapūraṇe| mahimānaḥ iti dharmaśabdena dharmo bhaṇyate| sacanta iti "bahulaṃ chandasyamāṅyoge'pi" (pā0 6,4,75) ityaḍāgamābhāvaḥ| atra ca devā nākaṃ svargo nivāsaḥ iti vāsudevasmaraṇāt sa bhagavān asmābhiḥ pūjitaḥ svasthānaṃ svargaṃ punaryātu iti visarjanamantro'yam |
7.20
‘tvaṣṭā’ ādityaḥ ‘aṅgiraḥ’ jalāt, ‘pṛthivyai’ pṛthivītaḥ, ‘agre’ prathamaṃ ‘sambhṛtaḥ’ samutpatito babhūveti yāvat¹| atra jalapṛthivītyupalakṣaṇaṃ tena pañcamahābhūtotpattipūrvakāle eva tvaṣṭā sambhūtaḥ| na kevalaṃ pañcabhūtebhya eva prathamaṃ tvaṣṭā sambhūtaḥ, api tu ‘viśvakarmaṇaḥ’ ‘rasāt ca’ agre ‘samavartata’, rasaḥ icchā, yadeva viśvanirmāṇecchā nahi bhavati tadeva bhūta ityarthaḥ| ‘tat’ ‘tasya’ tvaṣṭuḥ maṇḍalākāraṃ ‘rūpaṃ’ ‘saryasya’ ‘ājānaṃ’ manuṣyāṇāṃ sṛṣṭito'pi prathamaṃ ‘devatvaṃ’ ‘vidadhyat’ dhārayat ‘eti’ samāgacchati| ājānamiti ā jānāt ā utpatteḥ, jāna iti janerghañ¹ ||18 ‘aham’ ‘etaṃ’ ‘puruṣaṃ’ puruṣottamaṃ ‘veda’ jānāmi| ‘mahāntaṃ’ sarvavyāpakam, ‘ādityavarṇaṃ’ jyotirmayaṃ, ‘tamasaḥ’ avidyātmakasaṃsārāt ‘parastāt’ param uttīrṇam| ‘tameva’ evaṃsvarūpaṃ puruṣaṃ ‘viditvā’ ‘atimṛtyum’ maraṇamatikramya ‘eti’ gacchati apunarāvṛttaye| ‘anāya’ ayanāya gamanāya ‘anyaḥ’ ‘panthāḥ’ ‘na’ ‘vidyate’| anāya iti yalopaskāndasaḥ| ayameva dṛśyamānaḥ ādityaḥ dhyānagamyaḥ puruṣaḥ, sa eṣa jñāto mokṣaṃ dadātītyarthaḥ ||19 ‘prajāpatiḥ’ sūryaḥ ‘carati’ prāṇināṃ dehamadhye jīvātmarūpeṇa vasatītyarthaḥ| ataḥ ayaṃ ‘garbhe’ ‘ajāyamānaḥ’ api nityatvāt anutpattidharmo'pi ‘bahudhā vijāyate’ bahuprakāraṃ sthāvarajaṅgamadeheṣu janma labhate ityarthaḥ| ‘tasya’ prajāpateḥ ‘yonim’ utpattisthānaṃ ‘dhīrāḥ’ ‘paripaśyanti’ brahmavidaḥ upalabhante| brahmaiva utpattisthānaṃ yataḥ ataḥ ‘tasmin’ prajāpatau ‘viśvā’ sarvāṇi ‘bhuvanāni’ ‘tasthuḥ’| viśvā iti pūrvavat glopaḥ| ‘ha’grabdaḥ avyayaṃ pādapūraṇe
7.23
uttaranārāyaṇaṣṭaṣṭāḥ ṣaḍcaḥ—tisraḥ triṣṭubhaḥ dve anuṣṭubhau antyā triṣṭup—ādityopalkṣaṇe viniyuktāḥ|
'yaḥ' raviḥ 'devebhyaḥ' devatārtham 'ātapati', udite hi sūrye karmaṇām anuṣṭhānena devā āpyāyante ataḥ devārthamudetyasau¹| tathā 'yaḥ' 'devānāṃ' 'puraḥ' agrataḥ āhitaḥ havirdānāya prathamam agnirūpeṇa avasthitaḥ| 'yaḥ' ca 'devebhyaḥ' 'pūrvaḥ' prathamato 'jātaḥ' utpannaḥ, aditeḥ dvādaśātmā āditya prathamam utpannaḥ ityarthaḥ| ataḥ tasmai 'rucāya' rocamānāya², 'brāhmaye' brahmaṇaḥ apatyāya paramabrahmasambhūtāya³ 'namaḥ'| rucāya iti igupadhalakṣaṇaḥ kaḥ (pā0 3,1,135)| brāhmaye iti brāhmāditvāt ṅyañ |
'devāḥ' brahmādayaḥ 'janayantaḥ' svayam upadyamānāḥ 'tat' taṃ 'brāhmaṃ' brahmaṇaḥ utpannaṃ 'rucaṃ' prakāśarūpam ādityas 'agre' prathamam 'abruvan' uktavantaḥ ayameva asmākaṃ mukhyaḥ iti proktavantaḥ| he puruṣottama! 'tvā' tvāṃ evamanena mantreṇa uktaviśvarūpaṃ 'yaḥ' 'brāhmaṇaḥ' 'vidyāt' jānīyāt 'tasya' brāhmaṇasya 'vaśce' icchāyāṃ 'devāḥ' 'asan' bhavanti| imam adhyāyam arthato granthataśca adhītya yaḥ parameśvaraṃ jānāti tasya abhilaṣitam arthaṃ devāḥ sampādayantītyarthaḥ |
he puruṣottama! 'te' tava 'śrīḥ' dhanadānam yadyasmāt puruṣaḥ anujovinām āśrayaṇīyo bhavati, 'lakṣmīḥ' dhanam yadyasmāt puruṣaḥ sarvalokasya lakṣyo darśanīyo bhavati, te ime śrī-lakṣmyau 'pannagau' sahacāriṇyau tvāṃ naṃ tyajata ityarthaḥ| 'ahorātre' 'pārśve' ahaḥśabdaḥ parabrahmaparaḥ tasya vidyātmakatvena prakāśarūpatvāt, rātriśabdaśca saṃsāraparaḥ avidyātmakatvena aprakāśarūpatvāt, etena saṃsāro mokṣaśca parameśvarasya pārśvadvayam ityuktaṃ bhavati| 'nakṣatrāṇi' 'rūpam' tārāgaṇo mūrtiḥ| 'aśvinau' dyāvāpṛthivyau tava 'vyāttam' vivṛtam ityarthaḥ ||
tathā ca śrutiḥ "ime hīdaṃ sarvamāpnuvātām"¹ | evambhūtaṃ puruṣottamaṃ tvāṃ yāce—tvam 'īṣāṇ' īcchantaṃ sakāmaṃ māṃ 'īṣāṇa' īccha | 'asum' ihalokaṃ 'me' mama 'īṣāṇa' īccha putrapautrādisantatyā | na kevalam amuṃ lokaṃ 'sarvalokaṃ' bhūrādisatyaparyantaṃ 'me' mama 'īṣāṇa' svargamokṣapradānena | ayamarthaḥ—yaḥ khalu svargādi putrādi kāmayan anena adhyāyena tvāṃ pūjayati² stautīti namaskurute tam īccha avadhārya, tatastasya putrapautrādisantatyātmakam ihalokam īccha, paralokamapi svargamocātmakam īccha | tava ca icchāmātreṇa sarvaṃ sampadyate satyecchatvāt tava iti bhāvaḥ | pañcamyā iti āvādeśe kṛte "lopaḥ śākalyasya" (pā0 8,3,19) iti valopaḥ | īṣāṇ iti vyatyayena śrā, prathamaikavacanañca dvitīyārthe | īṣāṇa iti "halaḥ śraḥ śānajjhau" (pā0 3,1,83) iti śānac | tadevaṃ sūryasya brahmaprasūtatvena māhātmyotkīrtanāt brāhmaṇaśca puruṣarūpatvāt puruṣasaṃjñādhyāye imā api ṣaḍcaḥ abhidhīyante
iti bhaṭṭa-śrīguṇaviṣṇukṛte chāndogyamantrabhāṣye saptamaṃ khaṇḍam |