[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Vedic Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda) › [Brāhmaṇas (ritual exegesis)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana) › [Ṣaḍviṃśabrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.sadvimsa) › [Shadvimshabrahmanabhashya (Sayana)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.sadvimsa!sayana) › 28 # Ṣaḍviṃśa Brāhmaṇa ("26th" book) 28 Ṣaḍviṃśabrāhmaṇabhāṣya (Sāyaṇa) 28 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [28.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.sadvimsa!sayana.28.1) arthaścātirohita eva | uttaraṃ vaktumupakramate— atha iti vākyopakrame| eṣā vakṣyamāṇā candramasaḥ saṃbandhinī kṣayavṛddhiḥ| kṣayaśca vṛddhiśca| yadyapi dvivacanena bhāvyaṃ, tathāpi bāhulakādekavacanam| tasyaitra vivaraṇam| yadā vai yasminneva kāle candramāḥ kṣīyate kalābhiḥ, yadā kalābhiḥ āpyāyate ca tad vayam anuvyākhyāsyāmaḥ| anuvarṇayāma iti | tatra prathamaṃ tasya kṣayaprakāraṃ darśayati— ### [28.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.sadvimsa!sayana.28.2) purā devāścāsurāśca parasparam aspardhanta | tatra te devaiḥ saha spardhamānā asurāḥ dānavāḥ ādityam abhilakṣya yoddhum abhidravan | tadānīṃ sa ādityaḥ tebhyo'surebhyaḥ bibhet | atastasya ādityasya hṛdayaṃ kūrmarūpeṇa saṃkucyātiṣṭhat iti | tataḥ kimityatrāha— ya evaṃ devāḥ pūrvapakṣe śuklapakṣe dīkṣante somapānāya dīkṣāṃ kurvanti te dīkṣitā devā aparapakṣe kṛṣṇapakṣe somaṃ bhakṣayanti | katham ? tatra somapānaviṣaye imāni vakṣyamāṇāni trīṇi pātrāṇi upadhīyante | teṣāmeva pradarśanam | pṛthivī paridṛśyamānaḥ pṛthivīlokaṃ ekaṃ pātram | antarikṣam antarikṣaloka ekaṃ pātram | dyauḥ dyulokaṃ ekaṃ pātram iti | tatra ādityā ādityākhyā devā divyena dyulokātmakena pātreṇa prathamaṃ tredhā vibhāgenādyavibhāgātmakaṃ pañcakalaṃ, pañca kalā yasya taṃ somaṃ, pañcamīm | atyantasaṃyoge dvitīyā | pratipadamārabhya pañcamīparyantaṃ bhakṣayanti | pratidinam ekaikāṃ kalāṃ pibantītyarthaḥ | tataste dīkṣitā \[rudrāḥ\] rudrākhyā devā antarikṣeṇa antarikṣalokātmakena pātreṇa dvitīyaṃ pañcakalaṃ somaṃ daśamīṃ ṣaṣṭhīmārabhya daśamīparyantaṃ bhakṣayanti | tataste dīkṣitā vasavo vasvākhyā devāḥ pṛthivyā pātreṇa tṛtīyaṃ tṛtīyabhāgātmakaṃ pañcakalaṃ somaṃ pañcadaśīṃ pañcadaśīparyantaṃ pūrvavad bhakṣayanti | tataścandramasaḥ ṣoḍaśī ekā kalā avaśiṣyate | yataḥ candramāḥ ṣoḍaśakalaḥ | anantaraṃ saḥ avaśiṣṭaikakalaḥ soma oṣadhyādīn praviśati | tathā ca sati indrajyeṣṭhā indrapramukhāḥ somapāśca asomapāśca sarve devāḥ taṃ somam abhilakṣya tādṛśasomavatīṃ rātriṃ vasante | atra dṛṣṭāntaḥ | yathā pitaram ityādi | vṛddhaṃ jarayā pralayaṃ nāśam upagacchamānam upagacchantaṃ vyādhigataṃ rogiṇaṃ pitaraṃ pitāmahaṃ prapitāmahaṃ vābhilakṣya mariṣyati na veti saṃdihānāḥ putrādayaḥ tāṃ rātriṃ vasanti tadvadityarthaḥ | tat tena sahavāsanimittena amāvāsyāyā amāvāsyātvam | amā saha vasatyasyāmiti vyutpatterityarthaḥ | yasmādevaṃ tasmād eva khalu amāvāsyāyāṃ na kiṃcidapyadhyetavyaṃ bhavati | adhyetavyasya varṇātmakasya vedarāśeragniṣṭomātmakatvāt tatra ca somasyādarśanādityarthaḥ | athāsya vṛddhiprakāraṃ pratijñāpūrvakaṃ darśayati— ### [28.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.sadvimsa!sayana.28.3) sa bhīta ādityaḥ prajāpatimupādhāvat | tasya svasamīpaṃ prāptasya asurajayāya prajāpatiretad vakṣyamāṇaṃ bheṣajaṃ pratīkāram apaśyat | ṛtam anṛtavarjanam ! satyaṃ yathārthabhāṣaṇam | brahma ṛgvedādikam | oṃkāraṃ praṇavam | tripadāṃ pādatrayavatīṃ gāyatrīṃ ceti | kiṃ ca | yathoktasya bheṣajasya brahmaṇo mukhaṃ pradhānam iti apaśyat | atha kṣayapradarśanānantaraṃ saṃbharaṇaṃ candramasaḥ kalābhiḥ poṣaṇam ucyata iti śeṣaḥ | yatra candrakalā cānupūrvamanupraviṣṭā tāṃ tebhyaḥ \[saṃbharanti\] | katham ? oṣadhībhyo vanaspatibhyaśca | apuṣpāḥ phalavanto vanaspatayastebhyaśca | gobhyaḥ paśubhyaśca ādityācca brahmaṇaśca | brahma mantrādyātmako vedaḥ, tasmād | brāhmaṇa!stam eteṣūṣitaṃ candramasaṃ saṃnayante sampāḍanayanti | yasmādevaṃ tasmāt sāṃnnāyyasya saṃnayanasaṃbandhinaścandramasaḥ sāṃnnāyyatvam | yathā paśubhiroṣadhībhyaśca saṃnīya vapātmani (nā?), saṃnayanād dadhipayasoḥ sāṃnāvyatvam | tathā ca taittirīyā āmananti- etadasmai saṃnayateti | tatpaśava oṣadhībhyo'dhyātmensamanayan | tatpratyaduhan | yatsamanayan tatsāṃnāyyasya sāṃnāvyatvam | (tai. saṃ. 2. 5. 3. 3) iti | evamatrāpītyarthaḥ | athedānīmanumatyādipatitvena candramasaṃ praśaṃsati- ### [28.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.sadvimsa!sayana.28.4) yasmādevaṃ tasmād | brāhmaṇaḥ | brāhmaṇaśabdaḥ kṣatriyavaiśyayorapyupalakṣaṇam | tayorapi tatrādhikārāt tanmukhyatvācca | ahorātrasya saṃyoge | ahorātrayoḥ saṃdhau | saṃdhyā\[m\], saṃdhau bhavā saṃdhyā, tām, upāste | sajyotiṣi vinaśyadavasthāpannena pūrvajyotiṣā sahite kāle ā jyotiṣo darśanāt āgāmino jyotiṣo darśanaparyantam antarāle yaḥ kālaḥ sa eva asyāḥ saṃdhyāyāḥ | asya saṃdhyopāsanasya kālaḥ | sā eva saṃdhyā | tad eva saṃdhyāyāḥ saṃdhyātvam | kiṃ ca | sāyamāsīnaḥ upaviṣṭaḥ saṃdhyāṃ yad upāste tayā saṃdhyayā vīrasthānaṃ balavatsthānaṃ jayati prāpnoti | atha punaḥ saṃdhyākāle apaḥ udakāni yat prayuṅkte ūrdhvaṃ vikṣipati tatra tā apāṃ vipruṣo bindavaḥ vajrībhavanti | vajrībhūtvā tā vipruṣaḥ asurān ādityaṃ prati yoddhumāgatān apāghnanti | tato devā vijayino'bhavan | asurāstu parābhavanti | parābhūtā abhavan | kiṃ ca, ya evam uktaprakāreṇa veda asya vedituḥ bhrātṛvyaḥ śatruḥ ātmanā svenaiva parā bhavati | yathā sāyaṃ prātaśca saṃdhyāṃ yadupāste tayā dvividhayā saṃdhyayā tasya vīrasthānaṃ bhavati | tatra sthānaṃ saṃtataṃ sarvadā avicchinnaṃ bhavati | yo'pi evaṃ veda tasyāpi yathoktaṃ phalaṃ bhavatītyarthaḥ | tathā ca taittirīyakā āmananti—tasmāduttiṣṭhantaṃ ha vā tāni rakṣāṃsi ādityaṃ yodhayanti | yāvadastamanvagāt tāni ha vā etāni rakṣāṃsi gāyatriyā'bhimantritenāmbhasā śāmyanti | tadu ha vā ete brahmavādinaḥ pūrvābhimukhāḥ saṃdhyāyāṃ gāyatriyā'bhimantritā apa ūrdhvaṃ vikṣipanti | tā etā āpo vajrībhūtvā tāni rakṣāṃsi mandeha run ṇe dvīpe prakṣipanti (tai. ā. 2. 2.) | iti śrīsāyaṇācāryaviracite mādhavīye sāmavedārthaprakāśe ṣaḍviṃśabrāhmaṇabhāṣye pañcamādhyāye pañcamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ | atha candrasya kṣayavṛddhī nirūpayituṃ pratijānīte— candramā eva dhātā patiranumatyādīnām | retasa ādhānāt ādhṛtattvāt | anumatyādīnāṃ svarūpadarśanam | yā pūrvā caturdaśīviddhā paurṇamāsī sānumatirityucyate | yottarā saṃpūrṇacandropetā sā rākā | yā pūrvā dṛṣṭacandrā amāvāsyā sā sinīvālī iti abhidhīyate | yottarā naṣṭendukalā amāvāsyā sā kuhūḥ ityucyate | etāścandramaso jāyā ityarthaḥ | ato yaḥ pumān buddhim anu taṃ candramasaṃ paśyati anyaṃ na paśyati asya draṣṭuḥ tat tādṛśameva mithunaṃ bhavati | anumatyādiparvacatuṣṭayaṃ yugacatuṣṭayasaṃbandhitvena praśaṃsati- ### [28.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.sadvimsa!sayana.28.5) puṣye | puṣyatyasmin adharmaḥ śīghramiti puṣye kaliyuge anumatiḥ śreṣṭheti jñeyā | tathā dvāpare sinīvālī śreṣṭhā | khārvāyām | kharvau samau dharmādharmau yasyāṃ tretāyāṃ sā khārvā | tasyāṃ rākā śreṣṭhā bhavet | tathā kuhūḥ kṛtaparve kṛtayugasaṃbandhi parva | \[tasmin\] bhavediti | anumatyādīnāṃ lakṣaṇamāha— ### [28.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.sadvimsa!sayana.28.6) nyūne candre kalāhīne sati paurṇamāsīm anumatiṃ vidyāt | yasmin darśe candramā dṛśyeta sā amāvāsyā sinīvālīti jñeyā | yadi candramāḥ saṃpūrṇaḥ dṛśyeta sā paurṇamāsī rākā | yatra tu candro na dṛśyeta sā amāvāsyā kuhūriti jñeyā | iti śrīsāyaṇācāryaviracite mādhavīye sāmavedārthaprakāśe ṣaḍviṃśabrāhmaṇe pañcamādhyāye ṣaṣṭhaḥ khaṇḍaḥ | atha svāhākhyāṃ devatāṃ praśnapūrvakaṃ nirūpayituṃ prajāpatiṃ prati brahmavādināṃ praśnaṃ tāvadupasthāpayati— ## Linked texts (1) - [Ṣaḍviṃśabrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.sadvimsa.77.5) — Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.sadvimsa!sayana.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.sadvimsa!sayana.28) · Pramāṇa