Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa ("of a hundred paths") 8.3.2
Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 8.3.2
- Language
- Sanskrit
8.3.2.1
atha viśvajyotiṣamupadadhāti | vāyurvai madhyamā viśvajyotirvāyurhyevāntarikṣaloke viśvaṃ jyotirvāyumevaitadupadadhāti tāmanantarhitāṃ diśyābhya upadadhāti dikṣu tadvāyuṃ dadhāti tasmātsarvāsu dikṣu vāyuḥ
He then lays down a Visvagyotis (all-light brick). Now the middle Visvagyotis is Vâyu, for Vâyu (the wind) is all the light in the air-world: it is Vâyu he thus places therein. He places it so as not to be separated from the regional (bricks): he thus places Vâyu in the regions, and hence there is wind in all the regions.
8.3.2.2
yadveva viśvajyotiṣamupadadhāti | prajā vai viśvajyotiḥ prajā hyeva viśvaṃ jyotiḥ prajananamevaitadupadadhāti tāmanantarhitāṃ diśyābhyā upadadhāti dikṣu tatprajā dadhāti tasmātsarvāsu dikṣu prajāḥ
And, again, as to why he lays down the Visvagyotis,--the Visvagyotis, doubtless, is offspring (or creatures), for offspring indeed is all the light: he thus lays generative power (into that world). He places it so as not to be separated from the regional ones: he thus places creatures in the regions, and hence there are creatures in all the regions.
8.3.2.3
viśvakarmā tvā sādayatviti | viśvakarmā hyetāṃ tṛtīyāṃ citimapaśyadantarikṣasya pṛṣṭhe jyotiṣmatīmityantarikṣasya hyayam pṛṣṭhe jyotiṣmānvāyuḥ
[He lays it down, with, Vâg. S. XIV, 14], 'May Visvakarman settle thee!' for Visvakarman saw this third layer;--'on the back of the air, thee the brilliant one!' for on the back of the air that brilliant Vâyu indeed is.
8.3.2.4
viśvasmai prāṇāyāpānāya | vyānāyeti prāṇo vai viśvajyotiḥ sarvasmā u vā etasmai prāṇo viśvaṃ jyotiryaceti sarvaṃ jyotiryacetyetadvāyuṣṭe 'dhipatiriti vāyumavāsyā adhipatiṃ karoti sādayitvā sūdadohasādhivadati tasyokto bandhuḥ
'For all up-breathing, down-breathing, through-breathing,'--for the Visvagyotis is breath, and breath indeed is (necessary) for this entire universe;--'give all the light!'--that is, 'give the whole light;'--'Vâyu is thine over-lord,'--it is Vâyu he thus makes the over-lord of that (layer and the air-world). Having settled it, he pronounces the Sûdadohas over it: the significance of this has been explained.
8.3.2.5
atha 'rtavyā upadadhāti | ṛtava ete yadṛtavyā ṛtūnevaitadupadadhāti nabhaśca nabhasyaśca vārṣikāvṛtū iti nāmanī enayorete nāmabhyāmevaine etadupadadhāti dve iṣṭake bhavato dvau hi māsāvṛtuḥ sakṛtsādayatyekaṃ tadṛtuṃ karotyavakāsūpadadhātyavakābhiḥ pracādayatyāpo vā avakā apastadetasminnṛtau dadhāti tasmādetasminnṛtau bhūyiṣṭhaṃ varṣati
He then lays down two Ritavyâ (seasonal bricks);--the two seasonal ones being the same as the seasons, it is the seasons he thus places therein.[Vâg. S. XIV, 15], 'Nabha and Nabhasya, the two rainy seasons,' these are the names of those two (bricks): it is by their names he thus lays them down. There are two (such) bricks, for a season consists of two months. He settles them once only: he thereby makes (the two months) one season. He places them on avakâ-plants and covers them with avakâ-plants; for avakâ-plants mean water he thus bestows water on that season, whence it rains most abundantly in that season.
8.3.2.6
athottare | iṣaścorjaśca śāradāvṛtū iti nāmanī enayorete nāmabhyāmevaine etadupadadhāti dve iṣṭake bhavato dvau hi māsāvṛtuḥ sakṛtsādayatyekaṃ tadṛtuṃ karotyavakāsūpadadhātyāpo vā avakā apastadetasya 'rtoḥ purastāddadhāti tasmādetasya 'rtoḥ purastādvarṣati nopariṣṭātpracādayati tasmānna tathevopariṣṭādvarṣati
Then the two upper ones, with (Vâg. S. XIV, I6), 'Isha and Ûrga, the two autumnal seasons,'--these are the names of those two (bricks): it is by their names he thus lays them down. There are two (such) bricks, for a season consists of two months. He settles them only once: he thereby makes (the two months) one season. He places them on avakâ-plants, for the avakâ-plants mean water: he thus bestows water before that season, whence it rains before that season. He does not cover them afterwards, whence it does not likewise rain after (that season).
8.3.2.7
tadyadetā | atropadadhāti saṃvatsara eṣo 'gnirima u lokāḥ saṃvatsarastasyāntarikṣameva madhyamā citirantarikṣamasya varṣāśaradāvṛt tadyadetā atropadadhāti yadevāsyaitā ātmanastadasminnetatpratidadhāti tasmādetā atropadadhāti
And as to why he places these (four bricks) in this (layer),--this fire-altar is the year, and the year is the same as these worlds, and the middlemost layer is the air (-world) thereof; and the rainy season and autumn are the air (-world) thereof: hence when he places them in this (layer), he thereby restores to him (Agni) what (part) of his body these (formed),--this is why he places them in this (layer).
8.3.2.8
yadvevaitā atropadadhāti | prajāpatireṣo 'gniḥ saṃvatsara u prajāpatistasya madhyameva madhyamā citirmadhyamasya varṣāśaradāvṛtū tadyadetā atropadadhāti yadevāsyaitā ātmanastadasminnetatpratidadhāti tasmādetā atropadadhāti
And, again, as to why he places them in this (layer),--this Agni (the fire-altar) is Pragâpati, and Pragâpati is the year. Now the middlemost layer is the middle of this (altar), and the rainy season and the autumn are the middle of that (year): hence when he places them in this (layer), he thereby restores to him (Agni-Pragâpati) what part of his body these (formed),--this is why he places them in this (layer).
8.3.2.9
tā vā etāḥ | catasra ṛtavyā madhyamāyāṃ citā upadadhāti dve-dve itarāsu citiṣu catuṣpādā vai paśavo 'ntarikṣam madhyamā citirantarikṣe tatpaśūndadhāti tasmādantarikṣāyatanāḥ paśavaḥ
There are here four seasonal (bricks) he lays down in the middlemost layer; and two in each of the other layers,--animals (cattle) are four-footed, and the middlemost layer is the air: he thus places animals in the air, and hence there are animals that have their abode in the air.
8.3.2.10
yadveva catasraḥ catuṣpādā vai paśavo 'nnam paśavo madhyam madhyamā citirmadhyatastadannaṃ dadhāti
And, again, why there are four,--animals are four-footed, and animals are food; and the middle-most layer is the middle (of Agni's body): he thus puts food in the middle.
8.3.2.11
yadveva catasraḥ | caturakṣaraṃ vā antarikṣaṃ dvyakṣarā itarāścitayastadyāvadantarikṣaṃ tāvattatkṛtvopadadhāti
And, again, why there are four,--'antariksha' (air) consists of four syllables, and the other layers (kiti) consist of two syllables; hence as much as the air consists of, so much he makes it in laying it down.
8.3.2.12
yadveva catasraḥ | paśureṣa yadagnirmadhyaṃ tatprati paśuṃ variṣṭhaṃ karoti tasmānmadhyam prati paśurvariṣṭhaḥ
And, again, why there are four,--this Agni (altar), doubtless, is an animal: he thus makes the animal biggest towards the middle; whence an animal is biggest towards the middle.
8.3.2.13
tā vā etāḥ | catasra ṛtavyāstāsāṃ viśvajyotiḥ pañcamī pañca diśyāstaddaśa daśākṣarā virāḍannaṃ virāṇmadhyam madhyamā citirmadhyatastadannaṃ dadhāti tā anantarhitāḥ svayamātṛṇāyā upadadhāti prāṇo vai svayamātṛṇānantarhitaṃ tatprāṇādannaṃ dadhātyuttarā uttaraṃ tatprāṇādannaṃ dadhāti
There are here four Ritavyâs, the Visvagyotis being the fifth, and five Disyâs,--this makes ten: the Virâg consists of ten syllables, and the Virâg is food, and the middlemost layer is the middle;--he thus puts food in the middle (of the body). He lays them down so as not to be separated from the naturally-perforated one, for the naturally-perforated one is the vital air: he thus places the food so as not to be separated from the vital air. Subsequently (to the central brick) he lays them down: subsequently to (or upon) the vital air he thus places food.
8.3.2.14
atha prāṇabhṛta upadadhāti | prāṇā vai prāṇabhṛtaḥ prāṇānevaitadupadadhāti tā daśa bhavanti daśa vai prāṇāḥ pūrvārdha upadadhāti purastāddhīme prāṇā āyurme pāhi jyotirme yaceti prāṇo vai jyotiḥ prāṇam me yacetyevaitadāha tā anantarhitā ṛtavyābhya upadadhāti prāṇo vai vāyurṛtuṣu tadvāyum pratiṣṭhāpayati
He then lays down the Prânabhrit (bricks);--the Prânabhrits (breath-holders), doubtless, are the vital airs: it is the vital airs he thus lays into (Agni's body). There are ten of them, for there are ten vital airs. He places them in the forepart (of the altar),--for there are these vital airs in front,--with (Vâg. S. XIV, 17), 'Protect my vital strength! protect mine up-breathing! protect my down-breathing! protect my through-breathing! protect mine eye! protect mine ear! increase my speech! animate my mind! protect my soul (or body)! give me light!'--He lays them down so as not to be separated from the seasonal ones, for the vital air is wind: he thus establishes the wind in the seasons.
Translations (1)
- The Satapatha-Brahmana according to the Text of the Mâdhyandina School (SBE 12, 26, 41, 43, 44) — Julius Eggeling 1882, English
Commentaries (1)
- Śatapathabrāhmaṇabhāṣya (Sāyaṇa) — Sāyaṇa, Sanskrit
Linked texts (3)
- Citikāṇḍa — Sanskrit
- A Vedic Concordance — Maurice Bloomfield, English
- Vedic Index of Names and Subjects — Arthur A. Macdonell & A. Berriedale Keith, English