Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa ("of a hundred paths") 9.4.4
Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 9.4.4
- Language
- Sanskrit
9.4.4.1
atha prātaḥ prātaranuvākamupākariṣyan | agniṃ yunakti yuktena samaśnavā iti tena yuktena sarvānkāmāntsamaśnute taṃ vai purastātsarvasya karmaṇo yunakti tadyatkiṃ cātra ūrdhvaṃ kriyate yukte tatsarvaṃ samādhīyate
Then, early next morning, when about to bespeak the morning prayer, he yokes the Fire-altar, thinking, 'With it, when yoked, I shall obtain;' and by it, when yoked, he obtains all wishes. He yokes it prior to the whole performance, so that all that is done thereafter is laden on that yoked (altar-cart).
9.4.4.2
paridhiṣu yunakti | agnaya ete yatparidhayo 'gnibhireva tadagniṃ yunakti
He yokes it on the enclosing-sticks, for those enclosing-sticks are fires: it is with fires he thus yokes the fire-altar.
9.4.4.3
sa madhyamam paridhimupaspṛśya | etadyajurjapatyagniṃ yunajmi śavasā ghṛteneti balaṃ vai śavo 'gniṃ yunajmi balena ca ghṛtena cetyetaddivyaṃ suparṇaṃ vayasā bṛhantamiti divyo vā eṣa suparṇo vayaso bṛhandhūmena tena vayaṃ gamema bradhnasya viṣṭapaṃ svargaṃ lokaṃ rohanto 'dhi nākamuttamamityetat
Having touched the middle enclosing-stick, he mutters this formula (Vâg. S. XVIII, 51), 'The Fire I yoke with might, with ghee!'--might means strength: thus, 'The fire I yoke (furnish) with strength, with ghee;'--'the heavenly bird, great in vigour,'--for that (fire-altar) is indeed a heavenly bird, and great in vigour, in smoke;--'Thereby we will go to the region of the bay, rising unto the light, beyond the highest firmament!'--The firmament, doubtless, is the heavenly world: thus, 'Thereby we will go to the region, of the bay (horse, the sun) mounting up to the heavenly world, beyond the highest firmament.'
9.4.4.4
atha dakṣiṇe | imau te pakṣāvajarau patatriṇau yābhyāṃ rakṣāṃsyapahaṃsyagne tābhyām patema sukṛtāmu lokaṃ yatra ṛṣayo jagmuḥ prathamajāḥ purāṇā ityamūnetadṛṣīnāha
Then on the southern (right) one, with (Vâg. S. XVIII, 52), 'By these never-decaying, feathered wings of thine wherewith thou repellest the demons, O Agni, may we fly to the world of the righteous whither the erst-born seers went of old!' he thereby alludes to those Rishis.
9.4.4.5
athottare | indurdakṣaḥ śyena ṛtāvā hiraṇyapakṣaḥ śakuno bhuraṇyurityamṛtaṃ vai hiraṇyamamṛtapakṣaḥ śakuno bhartetyetanmahāntsadhasthe dhruva ā niṣatto namaste astu mā mā hiṃsīrityātmanaḥ paridāṃ vadate
Then on the northern (left) one, with (Vâg. S. XVIII, 53), 'The potent drop, the faithful eagle, the golden-winged bird, the active (bhuranyu),'--golden means immortal: thus, 'the immortal-winged bird, the bearer (bhartri);'--'the mighty is seated in the firm seat: homage be to thee, injure me not!'--he thereby gives utterance to a surrender of his own self.
9.4.4.6
tadyanmadhyamaṃ yajuḥ | sa ātmātha ye abhitastau pakṣau tasmāttepakṣavatī bhavataḥ pakṣau hi tau
Now that middle formula is the body, and the two on both sides thereof are the wings (of the bird-shaped altar): hence these two allude to 'wings,' for these two are the wings.
9.4.4.7
tribhiryunakti | trivṛdagniryāvānagniryāvatyasya mātrā tāvataivainametadyunakti
With three (formulas) he yokes it,--threefold is Agni: as great as Agni is, as great as is his measure, with so much he thus yokes him.
9.4.4.8
atha rājānamabhiṣutyāgnau juhoti | eṣa vai sa sava etadvai tatsūyate yamasmai tametā devatāḥ savamanumanyante yābhiranumataḥ sūyate yasmai vai rājāno rājyamanumanyante sa rājā bhavati na sa yasmai na tadyadagnau juhoti tadagnimabhiṣiñcati so 'syaiṣa daiva ātmā somābhiṣikto bhavatyamṛtābhiṣikto 'tha bhakṣayati tadātmānamabhiṣiñcati so 'syāyamātmā somābhiṣikto bhavatyamṛtābhiṣiktaḥ
And when he has pressed the king (Soma) he offers in the fire. This, indeed, is that very rite of consecration (or pressing)--and by that he is now consecrated (or pressed)--which this (Sacrificer) is permitted to perform by those deities with whose permission he is consecrated; for he alone becomes king whom the (other) kings allow (to assume) the royal dignity, and not he whom (they do) not (allow to assume it). Now when he offers in the fire he thereby consecrates (anoints) Agni, and that divine body of his, being consecrated by Soma, becomes consecrated by the nectar of immortality. And he himself drinks (thereof): he thereby consecrates himself, and this self (body) of his, being consecrated by Soma, becomes consecrated by the nectar of immortality.
9.4.4.9
agnau hutvātha bhakṣayati | daivo vā asyaiṣa ātmā mānuṣo 'yaṃ devā u vā agre 'tha manuṣyāstasmādagnau hutvātha bhakṣayati
Having offered in the fire (or, on the fire-altar), he drinks (Soma), for that (fire-altar) is his (the Sacrificer's) divine body, and this (Sacrificer's real body) is his human one; and the gods indeed were first, and afterwards men: therefore, having offered (Soma) in the fire, he drinks (thereof).
9.4.4.10
athainaṃ vimuñcati | āptvā taṃ kāmaṃ yasmai kāmāyainaṃ yuṅkte yajñāyajñiyaṃ stotramupākariṣyantsvargo vai loko yajñāyajñiyametasya vai gatyā enaṃ yuṅkte tadāptvā taṃ kāmaṃ yasmai kāmāyainaṃ yuṅkte
Having now obtained the wish for (the accomplishment of) which he yokes it (the altar), he unyokes it when about to bespeak the Yagñâyagñiya stotra,--for the Yagñâyagñiya is the heavenly world, and it is for the attainment of that (world) that he yokes it: thus (he unyokes it) after obtaining the wish for which he yoked it.
9.4.4.11
taṃ vai purastātstotrasya vimuñcati | sa yadupariṣṭātstotrasya vimuñcetparāṅ haitaṃ svargaṃ lokamatipraṇaśyedatha yatpurastātstotrasya vimuñcati tatsamprati svargaṃ lokamāptvā vimuñcati
It is prior to the Stotra that he unyokes it:--were he to unyoke after the Stotra, he would pass beyond that world and lose it; but when he unyokes prior to the Stotra, he unyokes forthwith after reaching the world of heaven.
9.4.4.12
paridhiṣu vimuñcati | paridhiṣu hyenaṃ yunakti yatra vāva yogyaṃ yuñjanti tadeva tadvimuñcanti
He unyokes it on the enclosing-sticks, for it is on the enclosing-sticks that he yokes it, and at whatever place (of the body) people yoke a horse there they also unyoke it.
9.4.4.13
sa saṃdhyorupaspṛśya | ene yajuṣī japati tathā dve yajuṣī trīnparidhīnanuvibhavato divo mūrdhāsi pṛthivyā nābhiriti dakṣiṇe viśvasya mūrdhannadhi tiṣṭhasi śrita ityuttare mūrdhavatībhyām mūrdhā hyasyaiṣo 'psumatībhyāmagneretadvaiśvānarasya stotraṃ yadyajñāyajñiyaṃ śāntirvā āpastasmādapsumatībhyām
Having touched it (the fire) at the two joints, he mutters these two formulas,--thus two formulas equal in power three enclosing-sticks,--with (Vâg. S. XVIII, 54), 'The sky's head thou art, the earth's navel, [the essence of the waters and plants, the life of all, the ample refuge (?): homage be to the path!]' on the right, and with (55), 'On the head of the All dost thou keep standing, [in the (aerial) ocean is thy heart, in the waters thy life: bestow water, send the water-store (cloud),--from the sky, from the cloud, from the air, from the earth, favour us with rain!]' on the left (joint),--thus with two (verses) containing (the word) 'head,' for this, is indeed its head; and containing (the words) 'in the waters ': that Yagñâyagñiya doubtless is Agni Vaisvânara's chant of praise, and water is (a means of) appeasing,--therefore (he touches them) with two (verses) containing (the words)--'the waters.'
9.4.4.14
dvābhyāṃ vimuñcati | dvipādyajamāno yajamāno 'gniryāvānagniryāvatyasya mātrā tāvataivainametadvimuñcati tribhiryunakti tatpañca pañcacitiko 'gniḥ pañca 'rtavaḥ saṃvatsaraḥ saṃvatsaro 'gniryāvānagniryāvatyasya mātrā tāvattadbhavati
With two (verses) he unyokes it,--two-footed is the Sacrificer, and Agni is the Sacrificer: as great as Agni is, as great as is his measure, with so much he thus unyokes him. With three (verses) he yokes,--that (makes) five,--the fire-altar consists of five layers, the year (of) five seasons, and Agni is the year: as great as Agni is, as great as is his measure, so great is this.
9.4.4.15
taṃ haike | prāyaṇīya evātirātre yuñjantyudayanīye vimuñcanti saṃsthārūpaṃ vā etadyadvimocanaṃ kim purā saṃsthāyai saṃsthārūpaṃ kuryāmeti na tathā kuryādaharaharaharvā eṣa yajñastāyate 'harahaḥ saṃtiṣṭhate 'haraharenaṃ svargasya lokasya gatyai yuṅkte 'haraharenena svargaṃ lokaṃ gacati tasmādaharahareva yuñjyādaharaharvimuñcet
Now, some yoke it (the fire-altar) at a Prâyanîya Atirâtra, and unyoke it at an Udayanîya, saying, 'The unyoking, surely, is a certain form of completion, and why should we perform a form of completion prior to the completion (of the sacrifice)?' But let him not do this, for day by day this sacrifice is performed, and day by day it comes to completion; day by day he yokes that (altar) for the attainment of the heavenly world, and day by day he thereby attains the heavenly world: let him therefore yoke it day by day, and unyoke it day by day.
9.4.4.16
atho yathā prāyaṇīye 'tirātre | sāmidhenīranūcya brūyādudayanīya evāto 'nuvaktāsmīti tādṛktattasmādaharahareva yuñjyadaharaharvimuñcet
And, indeed, it would be just as if, at the Prâyanîya Atirâtra, after reciting the kindling-verses, he were to say, 'Hereafter, at the Udayanîya, I shall recite (them again)!' Let him therefore yoke (the altar) day by day, and unyoke it day by day.
9.4.4.17
taddhaitacāṇḍilyaḥ | kaṅkatīyebhyo 'harahaḥkarma pradiśya pravavrājāharahareva vo yunajānaharaharvimuñcāniti tasmādaharahareva yuñjyādaharaharvimuñcet
And on this point, Sândilya, indeed, having enjoined on the Kaṅkatîyas the day-by-day performance, went on his way, saying, 'Day by day they shall yoke for you, and day by day they shall unyoke!' Let him therefore yoke day by day, and unyoke day by day.
Translations (1)
- The Satapatha-Brahmana according to the Text of the Mâdhyandina School (SBE 12, 26, 41, 43, 44) — Julius Eggeling 1882, English
Commentaries (1)
- Śatapathabrāhmaṇabhāṣya (Sāyaṇa) — Sāyaṇa, Sanskrit
Linked texts (6)
- Kauṣītakibrāhmaṇa — Kauṣītaki, Sanskrit
- Citikāṇḍa — Sanskrit
- A Vedic Concordance — Maurice Bloomfield, English
- Vedic Index of Names and Subjects — Arthur A. Macdonell & A. Berriedale Keith, English
- Altindische Grammatik — Jacob Wackernagel & Albert Debrunner, German
- Shakti and Shâkta: Essays and Addresses on the Shâkta Tantrashâstra — John Woodroffe, English