[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Vedic Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda) › [Upaniṣads](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad) › [Principal (early) Upaniṣads](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya) › [Kaṭha Upaniṣad](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha) › 3.3 # Kaṭha Upaniṣad 3.3 Kaṭhopaniṣad 3.3 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [3.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha.3.3) ātmānaṃ rathinaṃ viddhi śarīraṃ ratham eva tu / buddhiṃ tu sārathiṃ viddhi manaḥ pragraham eva ca // > 3. Know thou the soul (\_ātman\_, self) as riding in a chariot, The body as the chariot. Know thou the intellect (\_buddhi\_) as the chariot-driver, And the mind (\_manas\_) as the reins. 4. The senses (\_indriya\_), they say, are the horses ; The objects of sense, what they range over. The self combined with senses and mind Wise men call ‘the enjoyer’ (\_bhoktṛ\_). 5. He who has not understanding (\_a-vijñāna\_), Whose mind is not constantly held firm— His senses are uncontrolled, Like the vicious horses of a chariot-driver. 6. He, however, who has understanding, Whose mind is constantly held firm— His senses are under control, Like the good horses of a chariot-driver. > — Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads - [Previous: 3.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha.3.2) - [Next: 3.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha.3.4) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha.3) ## Translations (1) - [The Thirteen Principal Upanishads](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha~en-hume.1.3.p6) — Robert Ernest Hume 1921, English ## Commentaries (7) - [Kaṭhopaniṣadbhāṣya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha!sankara.133) — Śaṅkara, Sanskrit - [Kaṭhaprakāśikā (Raṅgarāmānuja)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha!rangaramanuja.3.p39) — Raṅgarāmānuja Muni 1500, Sanskrit - [Maṇiprabhā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha!amaradasa.3.3) — Amaradāsa, Sanskrit - [Commentary of Śaṅkarācārya of Śaṅkarācārya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha!sankaracarya.3.3) — Śaṅkarācārya, Sanskrit - [Commentary of Upaniṣadbrahmayogin](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha!upanisadbrahmayogin.2.4) — Upaniṣadbrahmayogin 1700, Sanskrit - [Ṭīkā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha!tika.2.4) — Sanskrit - [Padapāṭha (sandhi-resolved text, TITUS)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha!padapatha) — Sanskrit ## Linked texts (5) - [The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.keith-1925.v2.c40.s8.28) — Arthur Berriedale Keith, English - [Studies in the Origins of Buddhism](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.pande-1957.c13.321) — Govind Chandra Pande, English - [Ancient Indian Education (Brahmanical and Buddhist)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.mookerji-1947.c11.s6.39) — Radhakumud Mookerji, English - [The Philosophy of the Upanishads](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.deussen-1906.c11.s2.t3.7) — Paul Deussen & A. S. Geden, English - [The System of the Vedânta according to Bâdarâyana's Brahma-Sûtras and Çankara's Commentary](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.deussen-1912.c8.s6.t3.3) — Paul Deussen & Charles Johnston, English --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha.3.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.katha.3.3) · Pramāṇa