Kaushitaki Upanishad 4: caturtho'dhyāyaḥ

4.1

atha gārgyo ha vai bālākiranūcānaḥ saṃspṛṣṭa āsa so'vadaduśīnareṣu savasanmatsyeṣu kurupañcāleṣu kāśivideheṣviti sa hājātaśatruṃ kāśyametyovāca brahma
te bravāṇīti taṃ hovācājātaśatruḥ sahasraṃ dadmasta ityetasyāṃ vāci janako
janaka iti vā u janā dhāvantīti

There was formerly Gârgya Bâlâki, famous as a man of great reading; for it was said of him that he lived among the Usînaras, among the Satvat-Matsyas, the Kuru-Pañkâlas, the Kâsî-Videhas. Having gone to Agâtasatru, (the king) of Kâsî, he said to him: 'Shall I tell you Brahman?' Agâtasatru said to him: 'We give a thousand (cows) for that speech (of yours), for verily all people run away, saying, "Ganaka (the king of Mithilâ) is our father (patron)."'

4.2

āditye bṛhaccandramasyannaṃ vidyutisatyaṃ stanayitnau śabdo vāyāvindro vaikuṇṭha
ākāśe pūrṇamagnau viṣāsahirityapsuteja ityadhidaivatamathādhyātmamādarśe pratirūpaśchāyāyāṃ dvitīyaḥ pratiśrutkāyāmasuriti śabde mṛtyuḥ svapne yamaḥ śarīre
prajāpatirdakṣiṇe'kṣiṇi vācaḥ savye'kṣiṇi satyasya

BRIHAD-ÂRANYAKA-UPANISHAD.
KAUSHÎTAKI-BRÂHMANA-UPANISHAD.
i. Âditye purushah.
atishthâh sarveshâm bhûtânâm mûrdhâ râgâ. i. Id. brihat pândaravâsâ (<pânduravâsâ>) atishthâh sarveshâm bhûtânâm mûrdhâ.
ii. Kandre purushah.
brihat pândaravâsâh somo râgâ. (Nâsyânnam kshîyate, is the reward.)
ii. Kandramasi.
somo râgâ, annasyâtmâ. Only annasyâtmâ. iii. Vidyuti purushah tegasvî.
iii. Id.
tegasy âtmâ. satyasyâtmâ.
iiib. stanayitnau purushah.
sabdasyâtmâ.
iv. Âkâse purushah.
pûrnam apravarti.
iv. Id. (5)
pûrnam apravarti brahma. apravritti.
v. Vâyau, purushah.
indro vaikuntho 'parâgitâ senâ.
v. Id. (4)
Id.
vi. Agnau purushah.
vishâsahih.
vi. Id.
Id.
vii. Apsu purushah.
pratirûpah.
vii. Id.
nâmnasyâtmâ. tegusa âtmâ.
viii. Âdarse purushah.
rokishnuh.
viii. Id.
pratirûpah.
viiib. pratisrutkâyâm purushah. (9)
dvitîyo 'napagah. asuh.
ix. Yantam paskâk khabdah.
asuh. ix. Yah sabdah purusham anveti. (10) sabde. Id. mrityuh.
x. Dikshu purushah.
dvitîyo 'napagah. x. Deest.
xi. Khâyâmayah purushah.
mrityuh.
x. Khâyâpurushah. (8b) khâyâyâm.
Id. dvitîyo 'napagah.
xii. Âtmani purushah.
âtmanvî.
xi. Sârîrah purushah.
(12) sarîre purushah.
pragâpatih.
xii. Yah prâgña âtmâ, yenaitat suptah svapnayâ karati.
Yamo râgâ. (11) purushah svapnayâ karati yamo râgâ.
xiii. Dakshine 'kshan purushah.
nâmna (vâka) âtmâ, agner âtmâ, gyotisha âtmâ.
xiv. Savye 'kshan purushah.
satyasyâtmâ, vidyuta âtmâ, tegasa âtmâ.

4.3

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣa āditye puruṣastamevāhamupāsaiti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhāḥ bṛhanpāṇḍaravāsā atiṣṭhāḥsarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ
bhūrdheti vā ahametamupāsa iti sa yo haitamevamupāste'tiṣṭhāḥsarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ mūrdhā
bhavati

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the sun, on him I meditate (as Brahman).'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'No, no! do not challenge me (to a disputation) on this. I meditate on him who is called great, clad in white raiment, the supreme, the head of all beings. Whoso meditates on him thus, becomes supreme, and the head of all beings.'

4.4

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣa candramasipuruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhāḥ somorājā'nnasyātmeti vā ahametamupāsa iti sa yo mevamupāsate'nnasyātmā bhavati

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the moon, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as Soma, the king, the self, (source) of all food. Whoso meditates on him thus, becomes the self, (source) of all food.'

4.5

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣa vidyuti puruṣastamevāhamupāsa ititaṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhāstejasa ātmeti vā ahametamupāsaiti sa yo
haitamevamupāste tejasa ātmā bhavati

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the lightning, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as the self in light. Whoso meditates on him thus, becomes the self in light.'

4.6

sa hovācabālākirya evaiṣa stanayitnau puruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmāmaitasminsaṃvādayitṣṭhāḥ śabdasyātmeti vā ahametamupāsa iti sa
yo haitamevamupāste śabdasyātmā bhavati

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the thunder, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as the self of sound. Whoso meditates on him thus, becomes the self of sound.'

4.7

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣa ākāśepuruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrarmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhāḥ pūrṇamapravarti brahmeti vā ahametamupāsa iti
sa yo haitamevamupāste pūryate prajayāpaśubhiḥ no eva svayaṃ nāsya prajā purā
kālātpravartate

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the ether, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as the full, quiescent Brahman. Whoso meditates on him thus, is filled with offspring and cattle. Neither he himself nor his offspring dies before the time.'

4.8

sa hovācabālākirya evaiṣa vāyau puruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhā indro vaikuṇṭho'parājitā seneti vā ahametamupāsa iti sayo haitamevamupāste jiṣṇurha vāparājayiṣṇuranyatastyajāyī bhavati

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the air, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as Indra Vaikuntha, as the unconquerable army. Whoso meditates on him thus, becomes victorious, unconquerable, conquering his enemies.'

4.9

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣo'gnau puruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhā viṣāsahiriti vā ahametamupāsa iti sa yo haita
mevamupāste viṣāsahirhaivānveṣa bhavati

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the fire, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as powerful. Whoso meditates on him thus, becomes powerful among others.'

4.10

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣo'psu puruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhānāmna ātmeti vā ahametamupāsa iti sa yo
haitamevamupāste nāmna ātmābhavatītyadhidaivatamathādhyātmam

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the water, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as the self of the name. Whoso meditates on him thus, becomes the self of the name.' So far with regard to deities (mythological); now with regard to the body (physiological).

4.11

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣa ādarśepuruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhāḥ pratirūpa iti vā ahametamupāsa iti sa yo
haitamevamupāste pratirūpo haivāsyaprajāyāmājāyate nāpratirūpaḥ

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the mirror, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as the likeness. Whoso meditates on him thus, to him a son is born in his family who is his likeness, not one who is not his likeness.'

4.12

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣa pratiśrutkāyāṃ puruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhādvitīyo'napaga iti vā ahametamupāsa
iti sa yo haitamevamupāste vindatedvitīyāddvitīyavānbhavati

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the echo, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as the second, who never goes away. Whoso meditates on him thus, he gets a second from his second (his wife), he becomes doubled.
Bâlâki said: 'The sound that follows a man, on that I meditate.
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as life. Whoso meditates on him thus, neither he himself nor his offspring will faint before the time.'

4.13

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣa śabdaḥpuruṣamanveti tamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhāasuriti vā ahametamupāsa iti sa yo
haitamevamupāste no eva svayaṃ nāsyaprajā purā kālātsaṃmohameti

4.14

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣa chāyāpuruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhāmṛtyuriti vā ahametamupāsa iti sa yo haita
mevamupāste no eva svayaṃ nāsyaprajā purā kālātpramīyate

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the shadow, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as death. Whoso meditates on him thus, neither he himself nor his offspring will die before the time.'

4.15

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣa śārīraḥ puruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhāḥ prajāpatiriti vā ahametamupāsa iti sa
yo haitamevamupāste prajāyate prajayāpaśubhiḥ

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is embodied, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as Lord of creatures. Whose, meditates on him thus, is multiplied in offspring and cattle.'

4.16

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣa prājña ātmā yenaitatpuruṣaḥsuptaḥ svapnyayā carati
tamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhā yamo rājeti
vā ahametamupāsa iti sa yo haitamevamupāste sarvaṃhāsmā idaṃ śreṣṭhyāya yamyate

Bâlâki said: 'The Self which is conscious (prâgña), and by whom he who sleeps here, walks about in sleep, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as Yama the king. Whoso meditates on him thus, everything is subdued for his excellencies.'

4.17

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣa dakṣiṇe'kṣanpuruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhānāmna ātmā'gnerātmā jyotiṣa ātmeti
vā ahametamupāsa iti sa yo haitamevamupāsta eteṣāṃ sarveṣāmātmā bhavati

Bâlâki said: 'The person that is in the right eye, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as the self of the name, as the self of fire, as the self of splendour. Whoso meditates on him thus, he becomes the self of these.'

4.18

sa hovāca bālākirya evaiṣasavye'kṣanpuruṣastamevāhamupāsa iti taṃ hovācājātaśatrurmā maitasminsaṃvādayiṣṭhāḥ satyasyātmā vidyuta ātmā tejasa ātmeti
vā ahametamupāsa iti sayo haitamevamupāsta eteṣāṃ sarveṣāmātmā bhavatīti

Bâlâki said The person that is in the left eye, on him I meditate.'
Agâtasatru said to him: 'Do not challenge me on this. I meditate on him as the self of the true, as the self of lightning, as the self of light. Whoso meditates on him thus, he becomes the self of these.'

4.3-2

tata u ha bālākistūṣṇīmāsa taṃ hovācājātaśatruḥ etāvannu bālākā

4.3-2.p1

i

4.3-2.p2

ityetāvaddhītihovāca bālākistaṃ hovācājātaśatrurmṛṣā vai kila mā samavādayiṣṭhā brahma tebravāṇīti sa hovāca yo vai bālāka eteṣāṃ puruṣāṇāṃ kartā

4.3-2.p3

yasya vaitatkarmasa vai veditavya iti tata u ha bālākiḥ samitpāṇiḥ praticakrama

4.3-2.p4

upāyānītitaṃ hovācājātaśatruḥ pratilomarūpameva tatsyādyatkṣattriyo brāhmaṇamupanayet ehi vyeva tvā jñapayiṣyāmīti taṃ ha pāṇāvabhipadya pravavrāja tau ha

4.3-2.p5

suptaṃ puruṣamājagmatustaṃ hājātaśatrurāmantrayāṃcakre bṛhanpāṇḍaravāsaḥ soma rājanniti sa u ha tūṣṇīmeva śiśye tata u hainaṃ yaṣṭyāvicikṣepa sa tata eva

4.3-2.p6

samuttasthau taṃ hovācājātaśatruḥ kvaiṣa etadbālāke puruṣo'śayiṣṭa kvaitadabhūtkuta

4.3-2.p7

etadāgā3diti tata u ha bālākirna vijajñe taṃ hovācājātaśatruryatraiṣa

4.3-2.p8

etadbālāke puruṣo'śayiṣṭa yatraitadabhūdyata etadāgāditi hitā nāma hṛdayasyanāḍyo hṛdayātpurītatamabhipratanvanti tadyathā sahasradhā keśo vipāṭitastāvadaṇvyaḥ piṅgalasyāṇimnā tiṣṭhanti śuklasya kṛṣṇasya pītasya lohitasyeti

4.3-2.p9

tāsutadā bhavati yadā suptaḥ svapna na kaṃcana paśyatyathāsminprāṇa evaikadhā

4.3-2.p10

bhavatitadainaṃ vāksarvairnāmabhiḥ sahāpyeti cakṣuḥ sarvai rūpaiḥ sahāpyeti śrotraṃ

4.19

sarvaiḥśabdaiḥ sahāpyeti manaḥ sarvairdhyānaiḥ sahāpyeti sa yadā pratibudhyateyathā'gnerjvalataḥ sarvā diśo visphuliṅgā vipratiṣṭherannaivamevaitasmādātmanaḥprāṇā
yathāyatanaṃ vipratiṣṭhante prāṇebhyo devā devebhyo lokāḥ

After this Bâlâki became silent. Agâtasatru said to him: 'Thus far only (do you know), O Bâlâki?' 'Thus far only,' replied Bâlâki.
Then Agâtasatru said to him: 'Vainly did you challenge me, saying: 'Shall I tell you Brahman? O Bâlâki, he who is the maker of those persons (whom you mentioned), he of whom all this is the work, he alone is to be known.'
Thereupon Bâlâki came, carrying fuel in his hand, saying: 'May I come to you as a pupil?' Agâtasatru said to him: 'I deem it improper that a Kshatriya should initiate a Brâhmana. Come, I shall make you know clearly.' Then taking him by the hand, he went forth. And the two together came to a person who was asleep. And Agâtasatru called him, saying: 'Thou great one, clad in white raiment, Soma, King.' But he remained lying. Then he pushed him with a stick, and he rose at once. Then said Agâtasatru to him: 'Bâlâki, where did this person here sleep? Where was he? Whence came he thus back?' Bâlâki did not know.

4.19.p1

tadyathā kṣuraḥ kṣuradhāne'vahitaḥ syāt viśvaṃbharo vā viśvaṃbharakulāya evamevaiṣa

4.19.p2

prajña ātmedaṃśarīramātmānamanupraviṣṭa ālomabhya ānakhebhyaḥ tametamātmāmenata

4.19.p3

ātmāno'nvavasyanti yathā śreṣṭhinaṃ svāḥ tadyathā śreṣṭhī svarbhuṅkteyathā vā svāḥ

4.19.p4

śreṣṭhinaṃ bhuñjantyevamevaiṣa prajñātmaitairātmabhirbhuṅkte evaṃ vaitamātmānameta ātmāno

4.19.p5

bhuñjanti sa yāvaddha vā indra etamātmānaṃ navijajñe tāvadenamasurā abhibabhūbuḥ

4.20

sa yadā vijajñe'tha hatvā'surānvijityasarveṣāṃ devānāṃ śraiṣṭhyaṃ svārājyamādhipatyaṃ parīyāya tatho evaivaṃ vidvānsarvānpāpmano'pahatya sarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ śraiṣṭhyaṃ
svārājyamādhipatyaṃ paryeti ya evaṃ vedaya evaṃ veda

And Agâtasatru said to him: 'Where this person here slept, where he was, whence he thus came back, is this: The arteries of the heart called Hita extend from the heart of the person towards the surrounding body. Small as a hair divided a thousand times, they stand full of a thin fluid of various colours, white, black, yellow, red. In these the person is when sleeping he sees no dream.
Then he becomes one with that prâna alone. Then speech goes to him with all names, the eye with all forms, the car with all sounds, the mind with all thoughts. And when he awakes, then, as from a burning fire, sparks proceed in all directions, thus from that self the prânas (speech, &c.) proceed, each towards its place, from the prânas the gods, from the gods the worlds. And as a razor might be fitted in a razor-case, or as fire in the fire-place (the arani on the altar), even thus this conscious self enters the self of the body (considers the body as himself) to the very hairs and nails. And the other selfs (such as speech, &c.) follow that self, as his people follow the master of the house. And as the master feeds with his people, nay, as his people feed on the master, thus does this conscious self feed with the other selfs, as a master with his people, and the other selfs follow him, as his people follow the master. So long as Indra did not understand that self, the Asuras conquered him. When he understood it, he conquered the Asuras and obtained the pre-eminence among all gods, sovereignty, supremacy. And thus also he who knows this obtains pre-eminence among all beings, sovereignty, supremacy,--yea, he who knows this.

4.20.p1

ṛtaṃ vadiṣyāmi satyaṃ vadiṣyāmi

4.20.p2

tanmāmavatu tadvaktāramavatu avatu mām avatu vaktāram

4.20.p3

— śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ

4.20.p4

vāṅme manasi pratiṣṭhitāmano me vāci pratiṣṭhitamāvirāvirmaryo'bhūrvedasā matsāṇīrṛtaṃ mā māhiṃsīranenāghītenāhorātrātsaṃvasāmyagna iḷā nama iḷā nama

4.20.p5

ṛṣibhyo mantrakṛtomantrapatibhyo namo'stu devebhyaḥ śivā naḥ śaṃtamā bhava sumṛḷīkā sarasvatimā te vyoma saṃdṛśi adabdhaṃ mana iṣiraṃ cakṣuḥ sūryo jyotiṣāṃ śreṣṭho dīkṣemā mā hiṃsīḥ

4.4-2

— śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ iti
ṛgvedāntargatakauṣītakibrāhmaṇāraṇyakopaniṣatsucaturtho'dhyāyaḥ

4.4-2.p1

iti
kauṣītakibrāhmaṇopaniṣatsamāptā