[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Vedic Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda) › [Upaniṣads](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad) › [Principal (early) Upaniṣads](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya) › [Maitri (Maitrāyaṇīya) Upaniṣad](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri) › 3.2 # Maitri (Maitrāyaṇīya) Upaniṣad 3.2 Maitrāyaṇīyopaniṣad 3.2 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [3.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri.3.2) asti khalvanyo'paro bhūtātmā yo'yaṃ sitāsitaiḥ karmaphalairabhibhūyamānaḥ sadasadayonimāpadyata ityavācīṃ vordhvāṃ gatiṃ dvandvairabhibhūyamānaḥ paribhramatītyasyopavyākhyānaṃ pañca tanmātrāṇi bhūtaśabdenocyante pañca mahābhūtāni bhūtaśabdenocyante'tha teṣāṃ yaḥ samudāyaḥ śarīramityuktamatha yo ha khalu vāva śarīramityuktaṃ sa bhūtātmetyuktamathāsti tasyātmā binduriva puṣkara iti sa vā eṣo'bhibhūtaḥ prākṛtyairguṇairityato'bhibhūtatvātsaṃmūḍhatvaṃ prayātyasaṃmūḍhastvādātmasthaṃ prabhuṃ bhagavantaṃ kārayitāraṃ nāpaśyadguṇaughaistṛpyamānaḥ kaluṣīkṛtāsthiraścañcalo lolupyamānaḥ saspṛho vyagraścābhimānatvaṃ prayāta ityahaṃ so mamedamityevaṃ manyamāno nibadhnātyātmanātmānaṃ jālenaiva khacaraḥ kṛtasyānuphalairabhibhūyamānaḥ paribhramatīti || > 2. \[Then he said:\] "There is indeed another, different soul, called 'the elemental soul' (bhūtātman)—he who, being overcome by the bright or the dark fruits of action, enters a good or an evil womb, so that his course is downward or upward and he wanders around, overcome by the pairs of opposites. > — Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads > The further explanation of this is:— > — Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads > The five subtile substances (\_tan-mātra\_) are spoken of by the word ‘element’ (\_bhūta\_). Likewise, the five gross elements (\_mahā-bhūta\_) are spoken of by the word ‘element.’ Now, the combination of these is said to be ‘the body’ (\_śarīra\_). Now, he, assuredly, indeed, who is said to be in ‘the body’ is said to be ‘the elemental soul.’ Now, its immortal soul (\_ātman\_) is like ‘the drop of water on the lotus leaf.’ > — Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads > This \[elemental soul\], verily, is overcome by Nature’s (\_prakṛti\_) qualities (\_guṇa\_). > — Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads > Now, because of being overcome, he goes on to confusedness; because of confusedness, he sees not the blessed Lord (\_prabhu\_), the causer of action, who stands within oneself (\_ātma-stha\_). Borne along and defiled by the stream of Qualities (\_guṇa\_), unsteady, wavering, bewildered, full of desire, distracted, this one goes on to the state of self-conceit (\_abhimānatva\_). In thinking ‘This is I’ and ‘That is mine,’ he binds himself with his self, as does a bird with a snare. > — Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads > Consequently (\_anu\_) ‘being overcome by the fruits of his action, he enters a good or an evil womb, so that his course is downward or upward and he wanders around, overcome by the pairs of opposites.’ ” > — Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads - [Previous: 3.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri.3.1) - [Next: 3.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri.3.3) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri.3) ## Translations (2) - [The Thirteen Principal Upanishads](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri~en-hume.3.p4) — Robert Ernest Hume 1921, English - [The Upanishads, Part II (SBE 15): Maitrâyaṇa-brâhmaṇa-upanishad](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri~en-muller.3.2) — Friedrich Max Müller 1884, English ## Commentaries (3) - [Maitryupaniṣaddīpikā (Rāmatīrtha)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri!ramatirtha.3.1.2) — Rāmatīrtha 1550, Sanskrit - [Commentary of Upaniṣadbrahmayogin](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri!upanisadbrahmayogin) — Upaniṣadbrahmayogin, Sanskrit - [Maitrāyaṇīyopaniṣadvivaraṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri!upanisad-brahmayogi) — Upaniṣadbrahmayogī, Sanskrit ## Linked texts (16) - [Īśādiviṃśottaraśatopaniṣadaḥ](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.isadivimsottarasatopanisadah.3.39_76) — Sanskrit - [Maitrāyaṇīyāraṇyaka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.aranyaka.maitrayaniya.3.1.p1) — Sanskrit - [Aṣṭottaraśatopaniṣadaḥ](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.samanya.astottarasatopanisadah.280.2) — Sanskrit - [Indian Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.radhakrishnan-1923.v1.c9.s9.11) — S. Radhakrishnan, English - [The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.keith-1925.v2.c40.s6.45) — Arthur Berriedale Keith, English - [A Concise History of Science in India](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.bose-sen-subbarayappa-1971.c13.s3.t2.13) — D. M. Bose & Surendra Nath Sen, English - [Studies in the Origins of Buddhism](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.pande-1957.c24.4) — Govind Chandra Pande, English - [Aṣṭottaraśatopaniṣad](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.astottarasatopanisad.34.2) — Sanskrit - [Maitrāyaṇīyaśākhā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.samhita.maitrayaniyasakha.369.2) — Sanskrit - [The Great Epic of India: Its Character and Origin](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.literature.hopkins-1901.c6.s26.t7.5) — E. W. Hopkins, English - [The Philosophy of the Upanishads](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.deussen-1906.c10.s1.t2.2) — Paul Deussen & A. S. Geden, English - [Outlines of Indian Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.hiriyanna-1932.c10.21) — M. Hiriyanna, English - [Upaniṣatsaṃgraha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.upanisatsamgraha.40.2) — Sanskrit - [Elements of Buddhist Iconography](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.coomaraswamy-1935.c4.54) — Ananda K. Coomaraswamy, English - [Spiritual Authority and Temporal Power in the Indian Theory of Government](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.coomaraswamy-1942.c2.s1.216) — Ananda K. Coomaraswamy, English - [Maitrāyaṇīyopaniṣad or Maitryupaniṣad](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitrayaniyopanisadormaitryupanisad.2.2) — Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri.3.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.maitri.3.2) · Pramāṇa