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Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad 2.1

Muṇḍakopaniṣad 2.1

Language
Sanskrit

2.1.1

tad etat satyam.
yathā sudīptāt pāvakād visphuliṅgāḥ sahasraśaḥ prabhavante sarūpāḥ.
tathākṣarād vividhāḥ somya bhāvāḥ prajāyante tatra caivāpiyanti.

1. This is the truth:— As, from a well-blazing fire, sparks By the thousand issue forth of like form, So from the Imperishable, my friend, beings manifold Are produced, and thither also go.

Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads

2.1.2

divyo hy amūrtaḥ puruṣo *sa bāhyābhyantaro hy ajaḥ.
aprāṇo hy amanāḥ śubhro hy akṣarāt parataḥ paraḥ.

2. Heavenly (divya), formless (a-mūrtta) is the Person (Purusha).
He is without and within, unborn,
Breathless (a-prāṇa), mindless (a-manas), pure (śubhra),
Higher than the high Imperishable.

Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads

2.1.3

etasmāj jāyate prāṇo manaḥ sarvendriyāṇi ca.
khaṃ vāyur jyotir āpaḥ pṛthivī viśvasya dhāriṇī.

3. From Him is produced breath (prāṇa),
Mind (manas), and all the senses (indriya),
Space (kha), wind, light, water,
And earth, the supporter of all.

Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads

2.1.4

agnir mūrdhā cakṣuṣī candrasūryau diśaḥ śrotre vāg vivṛtāś ca vedāḥ.
vāyuḥ prāṇo hṛdayaṃ viśvam asya padbhyāṃ pṛthivī hy eṣa sarvabhūtāntarātmā.

4. Fire is His head; His eyes, the moon and sun; The regions of space, His ears; His voice, the revealed Vedas; Wind, His breath (prāṇa); His heart, the whole world. Out of His feet, The earth. Truly, He is the Inner Soul (Ātman) of all.

Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads

2.1.5

tasmād agniḥ samidho yasya sūryaḥ somāt parjanya oṣadhayaḥ pṛthivyām.
pumān retaḥ siñcati yoṣitāyāṃ bahvīḥ prajāḥ puruṣāt samprasūtāḥ.

5. From Him [proceeds] fire, whose fuel is the sun; From the moon (Soma), rain; herbs, on the earth. The male pours seed in the female. Many creatures are produced from the Person (Purusha).

Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads

2.1.6

tasmād ṛcaḥ sāma yajūṃṣi dīkṣā yajñāś ca sarve kratavo dakṣiṇāś ca.
saṃvatsaraś ca yajamānaś ca lokāḥ somo yatra pavate yatra sūryaḥ.

6. From Him the Ṛig Verses, the Sāman Chant, the sacrificial formulas (yajus), the initiation rite (dīkṣā). And all the sacrifices, ceremonies, and sacrificial gifts (_dakṣiṇā_), The year too, and the sacrificer, the worlds Where the moon (Soma) shines brightly, and where the sun.

Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads

2.1.7

tasmāc ca devā bahudhā samprasūtāḥ sādhyā manuṣyāḥ paśavo vayāṃsi.
prāṇāpānau vrīhiyavau tapaś ca śraddhā satyaṃ brahmacaryaṃ vidhiś ca.

7. From Him, too, gods are manifoldly produced,
The celestials (Sādhyas), men, cattle, birds,
The in-breath and the out-breath (_prāṇāpānau_), rice and barley, austerity (_tapas_),
Faith (_śraddhā_), truth, chastity, and the law (_vidhi_).

Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads

2.1.8

sapta prāṇāḥ prabhavanti tasmāt saptārciṣaḥ samidhaḥ sapta homāḥ.
sapta ime lokā yeṣu caranti prāṇā guhāśayā nihitāḥ sapta sapta.

8. From Him come forth the seven life-breaths (_prāṇa_),
The seven flames, their fuel, the seven oblations,
These seven worlds, wherein do move
The life-breaths that dwell in the secret place [of the heart], placed seven and seven.

Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads

2.1.9

ataḥ samudrā girayaś ca sarve 'smāt syandante sindhavaḥ sarvarūpāḥ.
ataś ca sarvā oṣadhayo rasaś ca yenaiṣa bhūtais tiṣṭhate hy antarātmā.

9. From Him, the seas and the mountains all.
From Him roll rivers of every kind.
And from Him all herbs, the essence, too,
Whereby that Inner Soul (_antarātman_) dwells in beings.

Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads

2.1.10

puruṣa evedaṃ viśvaṃ karma tapo brahma parāmṛtam.
etad yo veda nihitaṃ guhāyāṃ so 'vidyāgranthiṃ vikiratīha somya.

10. The Person (Purusha) himself is everything here:
Work (_karman_) and austerity (_tapas_) and Brahma, beyond death.
He who knows That, set in the secret place [of the heart]—
He here on earth, my friend, rends asunder the knot of ignorance.

Robert Ernest Hume 1921, The Thirteen Principal Upanishads

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