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Bāṣkala Upaniṣad (Bāṣkalamantropaniṣad)

बाष्कलमन्त्रोपनिषद्

Verses on Indra, who in the form of a ram carried off Medhātithi, developed into a hymn of the all-self; ascribed to the Ṛgvedic Bāṣkala school.

Language
Sanskrit
Date
300 BCE – 600 CE
Extent
25 passages, 484 words
Text
complete digital text
Source
titus · Bāṣkalamantra-Upaniṣad as edited by Mislav Ježic in his edition R̥gvedske upanišadi: Aitareya, Kaušītaki,… · TITUS: for scholarly non-commercial use; copyright of the respective editors/TITUS; ambuda · C. Kunhan Raja and the Pandits of the Adyar Library (eds.), Aprakāśitā Upaniṣadaḥ (The Unpublished… · CC0 1.0 Universal (public domain dedication) — "Distributed by Ambuda under a Creative Commons CC0 1.0…

Contents

Text

1

medhātithiṃ kāṇvam indro jahāra dyā meṣabhūyopagato vidānaḥ /
tam anya it tamanaṃ pariprāṭ pada enaṃ niyuje parasmin //1//

Indra carried off Medhātithi, the son of Kaṇva, to heaven, having knowingly approached him in the form of a ram. / Someone questioned him who was choking with grief, as he was binding him to the highest step: //1

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2

ko ha smaiṣa bhavasi vyavāyo nāvāyo ma iha śaśvad asti /
suśevam ic caṅkramasi prapaśyann itthā na kaścoraṇam ācacakṣe //2//

“Who are you who have intervened here? Surely there is no descending for me here. / You walk about right kindly, observing far and wide; no one has reported a thief in this manner.” //2

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3

nemām aspṛkṣad id udasyamānaḥ ko addhā 'mūm abhi caṅkramīti /
tad ic chādhi yo 'si sarvavittamo na tvā 'śnavad brahma riṣā mayasvi //3//

“Being lifted up, he has not touched this [earth]; who indeed traverses yonder [heaven]? / Instruct that very thing, you who are all-knowing; may the bliss-yielding sacred formulation reach you without harm.” //3

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4

indro nṛcakṣā vṛṣabhas turāṣāṭ prasāsahis tapasā mā vicakṣe /
sa id devo ṛtam anv ayantaṃ pra bhīmakarmā tavaso 'paviddhāt //4//

“Indra, beholder of men, bull, quick to conquer, victorious through ascetic heat, perceives me. / He indeed, a god of dreadful deeds, [snatches] him who is pursuing cosmic order away from the strong one who has thrown him down.” //4

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5

kuheva mā 'vaśam ito nayātai kuheva te citratama pratiṣṭhā /
kuha cid eva svapitā pitā no yo na veda na hṛtaṃ harantam //5//

“Where indeed will you lead me against my will from here? Where indeed, O most wondrous one, is your foundation? / Where indeed is our father, a good father, who knows neither the one who has been abducted nor the abductor?” //5

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6

pratyaṅṅ avāṅ prāṅṅ itarau ca neha nāham enān anupatasthir addhā /
na mām ime nūnam itthā patho vidur ye mā na yanti mithu cākaśānāḥ //6//

“The west, the south, the east, and the other two [directions] are not here; I have not truly approached them. / These surely do not know my paths thus, who do not go toward me, shining in turn.” //6

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7

paraḥ smiyāno vivar asya śūkaṃ kiṃ sīm ic charaṇaṃ manyamānaḥ /
na ha tvāham apraṇīya svaviṣṭhām itthā jahāmi śapamānam in nu //7//

Smiling beyond, he uncovered his sting: “What do you think of this as a shelter? / Surely I will not leave you, who are now cursing, without having brought you to the most beautiful abode.” //7

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8

aham asmi jaritṝṇām u dāvā aham āśiram aham idaṃ dadhagvān /
ahaṃ viśvā bhuvanā vicakṣann ahaṃ devānām āsann avodaḥ //8//

“I am the giver to the singers; I am the milk-mixture, I am the one who has consumed this. / Beholding all the worlds, I am the giver of nourishment at the mouth of the gods. //8

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9

mama pratiṣṭhā bhuva āṇḍakośā vi caimi saṃ ca hi nu yo virapśī /
ahaṃ nv ahiṃ parvate śiśriyāṇam ugro nu kaṃ tavasāvasyur addhā //9//

My foundations are the worlds, the egg-shells; I disperse and I gather together, I who am exuberant. / I indeed [struck down] the serpent resting on the mountain, fierce indeed, for the sake of the strong one seeking help, in truth. //9

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10

pra vaṅkṣaṇā abhidaṃ parvatānāṃ yat sīm indro akarod anīkaiḥ /
ko addhā veda ka iha pra vocat ko aśnavad abhimātiṃ vijaghnuṣaḥ //10//

I broke open the ribs of the mountains, which Indra did with his troops. / Who truly knows, who shall proclaim it here? Who shall attain the hostility of the slayer? //10

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11

ko ma avo dāśuṣo viśvagūtīr itthā dadṛśre bhuvanādhi viśvā /
rūpaṃ rūpaṃ januṣā bobhavīmi māyābhir eko abhicākaśānaḥ //11//

Who has seen my aids to the worshiper, reaching in all directions, throughout all the worlds? / Form by form do I continually become through birth, the one looking on through his powers of transformation. //11

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12

viśvaṃ vicakṣe yamayann abhīko neśe me kaśca mahimānam anyaḥ /
ahaṃ dyāvāpṛthivī ātatāno bibharmi gharmam avase janānām //12//

Guiding close at hand, I behold all; no one else commands my greatness. / Stretching out heaven and earth, I bear the heated offering for the protection of people. //12

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13

aham u ha pravatiṃ yajñiyām iyām ahaṃ veda bhuvanasya nābhim /
āpiḥ pitā sūr aham asya viṣvaṅṅ ahaṃ divyā āntarikṣyāstukā vaham //13//

I indeed go along the downward path worthy of sacrifice; I know the navel of the world. / I am his friend, father, and sun all around; I bear the celestial and intermediate woolly clouds. //13

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14

ahaṃ vedānām uta yajñānām ahaṃ chandasām avidaṃ rayīṇām /
ahaṃ pacāmi sarasaḥ parasya yad id etīva sarirasya madhye //14//

I am [the essence] of the Vedas and of the sacrifices; I found the wealth of the meters. / I ripen from the supreme lake that which moves as it were in the midst of the ocean. //14

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15

aham in nu paramo jātavedā yam adhvaryur abhi lokaṃpṛṇaidhīt /
yam anūvāha nabhaso na pakṣī kāṣṭhā bhindan gobhir ito 'mutaśca //15//

I am now the supreme Jātavedas, whom the Adhvaryu priest kindled to fill the space, / whom the winged bird of the atmosphere brought along, cleaving the bounds with cattle from here and from yonder. //15

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16

aham u yann apatatā rathena dviṣaḍāreṇa pradhinaikacakraḥ /
aham in nu didyutāno divedive tanvaṃ pupuṣvān amṛtaṃ vahāmi //16//

And I, proceeding in a wingless chariot with twelve spokes and a single wheel on its rim, / I indeed, shining day by day, having nourished my body, bear immortality. //16

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17

ahaṃ diśaḥ pradiśa ādiśaś ca viṣvak punānaḥ paryemi lokam /
ahaṃ viśvā oṣadhīr garbha ādhāṃ yābhir idaṃ dhinuyur dāśuṣaḥ prajāḥ //17//

The cardinal directions, the intermediate directions, and the pointed directions—purifying in all directions, I encompass the world. / I placed the embryo in all plants, with which the offspring of the worshiper might refresh this. //17

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18

ahaṃ carāmi bhuvanasya madhye punar uccāvacaṃ vyaśnuvānaḥ /
yo māṃ veda nihitaṃ guhā cit sa id itthā bobhavīd āśayadhyai //18//

I move in the midst of the world, pervading again what is high and what is low. / Whoever knows me hidden even in the secret cave, he indeed shall continually become thus, to rest [in me]. //18

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19

ahaṃ pañcadhā daśadhā caikadhā ca sahasradhā naikadhā cāsam atra /
mayā tatam itīdamaśnute tad anyathā 'sadyadi me asad viduḥ //19//

Fivefold, tenfold, and onefold, and a thousandfold, not once was I here. / By me this [world] is stretched out, it reaches so far; it would be otherwise if they knew me to be non-existent. //19

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20

na mām aśnoti jaritā na kaśca na mā aśnoti pari gobhir ābhiḥ /
na me 'nāśvān uta dāśvān ajagrabhīt sarva in mām upayanti viśvataḥ //20//

No singer reaches me, and no one at all; no one reaches me around with these cattle. / Neither the one who has not eaten nor the worshiper has grasped me; all approach me from every side. //20

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21

kva śarāruḥ kva sṛmaraḥ kva nūraṇaḥ sarvam idaṃ tvat tvad ito vahāmi /
yan mad ime bibhyati tan ma ekaṃ te me akṣann aham u tān anukṣam //21//

Where is the mischievous one? Where is the deer? Where is the youthful one? All this I bear in part and in part from here. / That these fear me is my single [power]; they ate me, and I ate them in return. //21

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22

yat tapyathā bahudhā me purācit tan nu bhuve 'ham uraṇo bobhuve /
ṛtasya panthām asi hi prapanno 'yase sa me satyam id ekam ehi //22//

Because you performed ascetic heat in many ways for me long ago, for that very reason I have continually become a ram. / For you have entered upon the path of cosmic order; you go to that which is my one truth; come! //22

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23

ahaṃ jyotir aham ṛtaṃ vinaddhir ahaṃ jātaṃ jani janiṣyamāṇam /
ahaṃ tvam aham ahaṃ tvam in nu tvam ahaṃ cakṣva vicikitsīr ma ṛjvā //23//

I am the light, I am the cosmic order bound fast, I am what is born, what is being born, and what is yet to be born. / I am you, I am I, you are indeed I; look at me as you, do not doubt me with straight mind. //23

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24

viśvaśāstā vidharaṇo viśvarūpo rudraḥ praṇītī tamanaḥ prajāpatiḥ /
haṃso viśoko ajaraḥ purāṇa ṛtīyamāno aham asmi nāma //24//

Ruler of all, supporter, having all forms, Rudra, Prajāpati the suffocator by his guidance, / the swan, free from sorrow, ageless, ancient, moving in cosmic order—such am I by name. //24

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25

aham asmi jaritā sarvatomukhaḥ paryāraṇaḥ parameṣṭhī nṛcakṣāḥ /
ahaṃ viṣvaṅṅ aham asmi prasatvān aham eko 'smi yad idaṃ nu kiṃca //25//

I am the singer, facing everywhere, roaming around, supreme, beholder of men. / I am everywhere, I am strong, I am the one, whatever is here.” //25

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Translations (1)

Based on

Translates

See also: more in Early uncanonical Upaniṣads

Discussed in 2 studies in Pramāṇa (listed on the page).