Apastambadharmasutra 1.1.2
Āpastambadharmasūtra 1.1.2
- Language
- Sanskrit
1.1.2.1
pratipūrusaṃ [saṃkhyāya[sam\khyā] saṃvatsarān yāvanto- '[anupetāḥ[upa\i] [syuḥ[ppp+\as, opt.] /
For as many years as there are uninitiated persons, reckoning (one year) for each ancestor (and the person to be initiated himself),
1.1.2.2
saptabhiḥ pāvamānībhir "yad anti yac ca dūraka" iti etābhir yajuspavitreṇa sāmapavitreṇa-āṅgiraseṇa-iti /
(They should bathe daily reciting) the seven [paragraph continues] Pâvamânîs, beginning with 'If near or far,' the Yagushpavitra, ('May the waters, the mothers purify us,' &c.) the Sâmapavitra, ('With what help assists,' &c.), and the Âṅgirasapavitra ('A swan, dwelling in purity'),
1.1.2.3
api vā vyāhṛtībhir# eva / ( K vyāhṛtibhir )
Or also reciting the Vyâhritis (om, bhûh, bhuvah, suvah).
1.1.2.4
atha-[adhyāpyaḥ[adhi\āp]/
After that (such a person) may be taught (the Veda).
1.1.2.5
atha yasya prapitāmahādi na-[anusmaryata[anu\smṛ] upanayanaṃ te [śmaśānasaṃstutāḥ[sam\stu, ppp] /
But those whose great-grandfather's (grandfather's and father's) initiation is not remembered, are called 'burial-grounds.'
1.1.2.6
teṣām abhyāgamanaṃ bhojanaṃ vivāham iti ca [varjayet[\vṛj] teṣām [icchatāṃ[\iṣ] prāyaścittaṃ dvādaśavarṣāṇi traividyakaṃ brahmacaryaṃ [cared[\car] / atha-upanayanaṃ tatas- udakopasparśanaṃ pāvamānyādibhiḥ //
Intercourse, dining, and intermarriage with them should be avoided. For them, if they like, the (following) penance (is prescribed). (Such a man) shall keep for twelve years the rules prescribed for a student who is studying the three Vedas. Afterwards he may be initiated. Then he shall bathe, reciting the Pâvamânîs and the other (texts mentioned above, I, 1, 2, 2).
1.1.2.7
atha gṛhamedhopadeśanam /
Then he may be instructed in the duties of a householder.
1.1.2.8
na-adhyāpanam /
He shall not be taught (the whole Veda), but only the sacred formulas required for the domestic ceremonies.
1.1.2.9
tato yo [nirvartate[nis\vṛt]# tasya saṃskāro yathā prathame- 'atikrame /( K nivartate )
When he has finished this (study of the Grihya-mantras), he may be initiated (after having performed the penance prescribed) for the first neglect (I, 1, 1, 28).
1.1.2.10
tata ūrdhvaṃ prakṛtivat /
Afterwards (everything is performed) as in the case of a regular initiation.
He who has been initiated shall dwell as a religious student in the house of his teacher,
1.1.2.11
[upetasya[upa\i, ppp]-ācāryakule brahmacārivāsaḥ /
1.1.2.12
aṣṭācatvāriṃśad varṣāṇi /
For forty-eight years (if he learns all the four Vedas),
1.1.2.13-15
pādūnam*, ardhena, tribhir vā / (*var: pādonam)
1.1.2.16
dvādaśāvarārdhyam /
Twelve years (should be) the shortest time (for his residence with his teacher).
1.1.2.17-18
na brahmacāriṇo vidyārthasya paropavāso- '[asti[\as] / ( = K 17, K 18 atha brahmacaryavidhiḥ )
1.1.2.19
ācāryādhīnaḥ [syād[\as, op.] anyatra [patanīyebhyaḥ[\pat] /
He shall obey his teacher, except (when ordered to commit) crimes which cause loss of caste.
1.1.2.20
hitakārī(hitakārin) guror [apratilomayan[\pratiloma] vācā /
He shall do what is serviceable to his teacher, he shall not contradict him.
1.1.2.21
adhāsanaśāyī /
He shall always occupy a couch or seat lower (than that of his teacher).
1.1.2.22
na-[anudeśyaṃ[anu\diś] [bhuñjīta[\bhuj, op.] /
He shall not eat food offered (at a sacrifice to the gods or the Manes),
1.1.2.23
tathā kṣāralavaṇamadhumāṃsāni /
Nor pungent condiments, salt, honey, or meat.
1.1.2.24
adivāsvāpī /
He shall not sleep in the day-time.
1.1.2.25
agandhasevī /
He shall not use perfumes.
1.1.2.26
maithunaṃ na [caret[\car] /
He shall preserve chastity.
1.1.2.27
[utsannaślāghaḥ [ut\sad] /
He shall not embellish himself (by using ointments and the like).
1.1.2.28
aṅgāni na [prakṣālayīta[pra\kṣal, op.] /
He shall not wash his body (with hot water for pleasure).
1.1.2.29
[prakṣālayīta[pra\kṣal, op.] tv [aśuciliptāni[\lip] guror asaṃdarśe/
But, if it is soiled by unclean things, he shall clean it (with earth or water), in a place where he is not seen by a Guru.
1.1.2.30
na-apsu(ap.) [ślāghamānaḥ[\ślāgh, pp.] [snāyād[\snā, op.] yadi [snāyād daṇḍavat [plavet[\plu] /
Let him not sport in the water whilst bathing; let him swim (motionless) like a stick.
1.1.2.31-32
jaṭilaḥ, śikhājaṭas(jaṭā)- vā [vāpayed[\vap, causop.] itarān /
1.1.2.33
mauñjī (<muñja.) mekhalā trivṛd brāhmaṇasya śaktiviṣaye [dakṣiṇāvṛttānām [ā\vṛt]/
The girdle of a Brâhmana shall be made of Muñga grass, and consist of three strings; if possible, (the strings) should be twisted to the right.
1.1.2.34
jyā rājanyasya /
A bowstring (should be the girdle) of a Kshatriya,
1.1.2.35
mauñjī(<muñja.) vā-ayomiśrā /
Or a string of Muñga grass in which pieces of iron have been tied.
1.1.2.36
āvīsūtraṃ vaiśyasya /
A wool thread (shall be the girdle) of a Vaisya,
1.1.2.37
sairī(<sirā.) tāmalī vā-iti-eke /
Or a rope used for yoking the oxen to the plough, or a stringy made of Tamala-bark.
1.1.2.38
pālāśo daṇḍo brāhmaṇasya , naiyyagrodhaskandhajo- 'avāṅgro rājanyasya , bādara audumbaro vā vaiśyasya , vārkṣo daṇḍa ity avarṇasaṃyogena-eke- [upadiśanti[upa\diś] /
The staff worn by a Brâhmana should be made of Palâsa wood, that of a Kshatriya of a branch of the Banian tree, which grows downwards, that of a Vaisya of Bâdara or Udumbara wood. Some declare, without any reference to caste, that the staff of a student should be made of the wood of a tree (that is fit to be used at the sacrifice).
1.1.2.39
vāsaḥ /
(He shall wear) a cloth (to cover his nakedness).
1.1.2.40
śāṇīkṣaumājināni /
(It shall be made) of hemp for a Brâhmana, of flax (for a Kshatriya), of the skin of a (clean) animal (for a Vaisya).
1.1.2.41
kaṣāyaṃ ca-eke vastram [upadiśanti[upa\diś] /
Some declare that the (upper) garment (of a Brâhmana) should be dyed with red Lodh,
Translations (1)
- The Sacred Laws of the Âryas, Part I (SBE 2) — Georg Bühler 1879, English
Commentaries (1)
- Ujjvalā — Haradatta (dharmasūtra commentator), Sanskrit
Linked texts (6)
- Kalpaḥ — Sanskrit
- Hiraṇyakeśiśrautasūtra (ed. Kāśīnāthaśāstrī Āgāśe, Ānandāśrama 1907, with Mahādeva's Vaijayantī) — Sanskrit
- Hiraṇyakeśidharmasūtra — Hiraṇyakeśin, Sanskrit
- Saṃskāraratnamālā (Gopīnātha Dīkṣita Oka) — Gopīnātha Dīkṣita Oka, Sanskrit
- Kṛtyakalpataru — Lakṣmīdhara Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit
- Smṛticandrikā — Devaṇṇabhaṭṭa, Sanskrit