Gobhilagrihyasutra 2.10
Gobhilagṛhyasūtra 2.10
- Language
- Sanskrit
2.10.1
garbhāṣṭameṣu brāhmaṇam upanayet,
In the eighth year after the conception let him initiate a Brâhmana,
2.10.2
garbhaikādaśeṣu kṣatriyaṃ,
In the eleventh year after the conception a Kshatriya,
2.10.3
garbhadvādaśeṣu vaiśyam.
In the twelfth year after the conception a Vaisya.
2.10.4
ā ṣoḍaśād varṣād brāhmaṇasyā 'natītaḥ kālo bhavaty, ā dvāvim̐śāt kṣatriyasyā, ''caturvim̐śād vaiśyasya;
Until the sixteenth year the time has not passed for a Brâhmana, until the twenty-second for a Kshatriya, until the twenty-fourth for a Vaisya.
2.10.5
ata ūrdhvaṃ patitasāvitrīkā bhavanti:
After that (time has passed), they become patitasâvitrîka (i.e. they have lost their right of being taught the Sâvitrî).
2.10.6
nai 'nān upanayeyur, nā 'dhyāpayeyur, na yājayeyur, nai 'bhir vivaheyuḥ.
Let them not initiate such men, nor teach them, nor perform sacrifices for them, nor form matrimonial alliances with them.
2.10.7
- yad ahar upaiṣyan māṇavako bhavati, praga evai 'naṃ tad ahar bhojayanti kuśalīkārayanty āplāvayanty alaṅkurvanty ahatena vāsasā ''cchādayanti
On the day on which the youth is going to receive the initiation, on that day, early in the morning, they give him to eat, and have his hair arranged, and wash him, and deck him with ornaments, and put on him a (new) garment which has not yet been washed.
2.10.8
- kṣaumaśāṇakārpāsaurṇāny eṣāṃ vasanāni,
Their garments are made of linen, of hempen cloth, of cotton, or of wool (according to the caste to which the student belongs).
2.10.9
aiṇeyarauravājāny
The skins (which they wear), are an antelope-skin, or the skin of a spotted deer, or a goat's skin.
2.10.10
ajināni, muñjakāśatāmbalyo raśanāḥ,
Their girdles are made of Muñga grass, of Kâsa grass, of Tâmbala.
2.10.11
pārṇabailvāśvatthā daṇḍāḥ;
Their staffs are of Parna wood, of Bilva wood, of Asvattha wood.
2.10.12
kṣaumaṃ śāṇaṃ vā vasanaṃ brāhmaṇasya, kārpāsaṃ kṣatriyasyā, ''vikaṃ vaiśyasya:
The garment of a Brâhmana is made of linen, or of hempen cloth, that of a Kshatriya, of cotton, that of a Vaisya, of wool.
2.10.13
etenai 've 'tarāṇi dravyāṇi vyākhyātāni;
Thereby also the other articles have been explained.
2.10.14
alābhe vā sarvāṇi sarveṣām.
Or if (the proper articles prescribed) cannot be got, all (of them may be used) by (persons of) all castes.
2.10.15
- purastāc chālāyā upalipte 'gnir upasamāhito bhavati.
To the east of the house on a surface besmeared (with cow-dung) wood has been put on the fire.
2.10.16
agne vratapata iti hutvā paścād agner udagagreṣu darbheṣu prāṅ ācāryo 'vatiṣṭhate,
Having sacrificed with (the Mantras which the student recites) 'Agni! Lord of the vow' (MB. I, 6, 9-13), the teacher stations himself to the west of the fire, on northward-pointed Darbha grass, facing the east.
2.10.17
antareṇā 'gnyācāryau māṇavako 'ñjalikṛto 'bhimukha ācāryam udagagreṣu darbheṣu;
Between the fire and the teacher the student (stands), raising his joined hands, turning his face towards the teacher, on northward-pointed Darbha grass.
2.10.18
tasya dakṣiṇato 'vasthāya mantravān brāhmaṇo 'pām añjaliṃ pūrayati,
Standing on his south side a Brâhmana versed in the Mantras fills (the student's) joined hands with water,
2.10.19
upariṣṭāc cā ''cāryasya.
And afterwards (those) of the teacher.
2.10.20
prekṣamāṇo japaty āgantrā sam aganmahī 'ti.
Looking (at the student the teacher) murmurs (the verse), 'With him who comes to us, we have come together' (MB. I, 6, 14).
2.10.21
brahmacaryam āgām iti vācayati.
He causes (the student) to say, 'I have come hither to studentship' (ibid. 16).
2.10.22
ko nāmā 'sī 'ti nāmadheyaṃ pṛcchati tasyā ''cāryaḥ.
In (the words), 'What is thy name' (ibid. 17), he asks after his name.
2.10.23
abhivādanīyaṃ nāmadheyaṃ kalpayitvā
The teacher chooses for him a name which he is to use at respectful salutations,
2.10.24
devatāśrayaṃ vā nakṣatrāśrayaṃ vā,
(A name) derived from (the name of) a deity or a Nakshatra,
2.10.25
gotrāśrayam apy eke,
Or also of his Gotra, according to some (teachers).
2.10.26
utsṛjyā 'pām añjalim ācāryo dakṣiṇena pāṇinā dakṣiṇaṃ pāṇiṃ sāṅguṣṭhaṃ gṛhṇāti: devasya te savituḥ prasave 'śvinor bāhubhyāṃ, pūṣṇo hastābhyāṃ hastaṃ gṛhṇāmy asāv iti.
Having let the water run out of his joined hands (over the student's hands), the teacher with his right hand seizes (the student's) right hand together with the thumb, with (the formula), 'By the impulse of the god Savitri, with the arms of the two Asvins, with Pûshan's hands I seize thy hand, N.N.!' (ibid. 18).
2.10.27
athai 'naṃ pradakṣiṇam āvartayati sūryasyā ''vṛtam anvāvartasvā 'sāv iti.
He then makes him turn round from left to right with (the formula), 'Move in the sun's course after him, N.N.!' (ibid. 19).
2.10.28
dakṣiṇena pāṇinā dakṣiṇam am̐sam anvavaṃṛśyā 'nantarhitāṃ nābhim abhimṛśet prāṇānāṃ granthir asī 'ti;
Grasping down with his right hand over his right shoulder he should touch his uncovered navel with (the formula), 'Thou art the knot of all breath' (ibid. 20).
2.10.29
utsṛpya nābhideśam ahura iti;
Raising himself (from the position implied in Sûtra 28, he should touch) the place near the navel with (the formula), 'Ahura' (ibid. 21).
2.10.30
utsṛpya hṛdayadeśaṃ kṛśana iti.
Raising himself (still more, he should touch) the place of the heart with (the formula), 'Krisana' (ibid. 22).
2.10.31
dakṣiṇena pāṇinā dakṣiṇam am̐sam anvālabhya prajāpataye tvā paridadāmy asāv iti,
Having touched from behind with his right hand (the student's) right shoulder with (the formula), 'I give thee in charge to Pragâpati, N.N.!' (ibid. 23)—
2.10.32
savyena savyaṃ devāya tvā savitre paridadāmy asāv iti.
And with his left (hand) the left (shoulder) with (the formula), 'I give thee in charge to the god Savitri, N.N.!' (ibid. 24)—
2.10.33
athai 'naṃ saṃpreṣyati: brahmacāry asy āsāv iti;
He then directs him (to observe the duties of Brahmakarya, by the formula), 'A student art thou, N.N.!' (ibid. 25).
2.10.34
samidham ādhehy, apo 'śāna, karma kuru, mā divā svāpsīr iti.
'Put on fuel. Eat water. Do the service. Do not sleep in the day-time' (ibid. 26).
2.10.35
udaṅṅ agner utsṛpya prāṅ ācārya upaviśaty udagagreṣu darbheṣu,
Having gone in a northerly direction from the fire, the teacher sits down to the east, on northward-pointed Darbha grass,
2.10.36
pratyaṅ māṇavako dakṣiṇajānvakto 'bhimukha ācāryam udagagreṣv eva darbheṣu.
The student to the west, bending his right knee, turning his face towards the teacher, also on northward-pointed Darbha grass.
2.10.37
athai 'naṃ triḥ pradakṣiṇaṃ muñjamekhalāṃ pariharan vācayatī 'yaṃ duruktāt paribādhamāne 'ty, ṛtasya goptrī 'ti ca.
(The teacher) then ties round (the student) thrice from left to right the girdle made of Muñga grass and causes him to repeat (the verse), 'Protecting us from evil word' (ibid. 27), and (the verse), 'The protectress of right' (ibid. 28).
2.10.38
atho 'pasīdaty: adhīhi bhoḥ, sāvitrīṃ me bhavān anubravītv iti;
Then (the student) respectfully sits down near (the teacher) with (the words), 'Recite, sir! May the reverend one recite the Sâvitrî to me.'
2.10.39
tasmā anvāha paccho 'rdharcaśa ṛkśa iti,
He then recites (the Sâvitrî, ibid. 29) to him, Pâda by Pâda, hemistich by hemistich, and the whole verse,
2.10.40
mahāvyāhṛtīś ca vihṛtā om̐kārāntāḥ.
And the Mahâvyâhritis one by one, with the word Om at the end (ibid. 30).
2.10.41
vārkṣaṃ cā 'smai daṇḍaṃ prayacchan vācayati suśravaḥ suśravasaṃ mā kurv iti.
And handing over to him the staff, which should be made of (the wood of) a tree, he causes him to repeat (the formula), 'O glorious one, make me glorious' (ibid. 31).
2.10.42
- atha bhaikṣaṃ carati,
Then (the student) goes to beg food,
2.10.43
mātaram evā 'gre, dve cā 'nye suhṛdau yāvatyo vā sannihitāḥ syuḥ.
First of his mother, and of two other women friends, or of as many as there are in the neighbourhood.
2.10.44
ācāryāya bhaikṣaṃ nivedayate.
He announces the alms (received) to his teacher.
2.10.45
- tiṣṭhaty ahaḥśeṣaṃ vāgyataḥ.
The rest of the day he stands silently.
2.10.46
astamite samidham ādadhāty agnaye samidham ahārṣam iti.
After sunset he puts a piece of wood on the fire with (the Mantra), 'To Agni I have brought a piece of wood' (ibid. 32).
2.10.47
- trirātram akṣārālavaṇāśī bhavati;
Through a period of three nights he avoids eating pungent or saline food.
2.10.48
tasyā 'nte sāvitraś caruḥ.
At the end of that (period) a mess of boiled rice-grains (is offered) to Savitri.
2.10.49
yathārtham.
Then he may do what he likes.
2.10.50
- gaur dakṣiṇā.
iti dvitīyaḥ prapāṭhakaḥ.
A cow constitutes the sacrificial fee.
End of the Second Prapâthaka.
Translations (1)
- The Grihya-sûtras, Part II (SBE 30) — Hermann Oldenberg 1892, English
Commentaries (1)
- Gobhilagṛhyasūtrabhāṣya — Bhaṭṭa Nārāyaṇa (Gobhila commentator), Sanskrit
Linked texts (5)
- Khādiragṛhyasūtra — Khādira, Sanskrit
- Jaiminīyagṛhyasūtra — Sanskrit
- Kṛtyakalpataru — Lakṣmīdhara Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit
- Subodhinīpaddhati — Śivarāma 1615, Sanskrit
- Satkriyāsāradīpikā — Gopālakavi 1500, Sanskrit