Khadiragrihyasutra 2

2.1.1

paurṇamāsopakramau darśapūrṇamāsau / 1

Of the sacrifices of the new and full moon, the full-moon sacrifice should be performed first.

2.1.2

dārśaṃ cetpūrvamupapadyeta paurṇamāseneṣṭvā 'tha tatkuryāt / 2

If (the term for the sacrifice) of the new moon comes first, he should first celebrate the full-moon sacrifice and then perform that.

2.1.3

akurvan paurṇamāsīmākāṅkṣedityeke / 3

Some say that he should not perform it, and wait till the day of the full moon.

2.1.4

aparāhṇe snātvaupavasathikaṃ dampatī bhuñjīyātām / 4

In the afternoon, husband and wife, after having bathed, should eat fast-day food.

2.1.5

mānatantavya uvāca śreyasīṃ prajāṃ vindate kāmyo bhavatyakṣodhukī kṣodhuko ya aupavasathikaṃ bhuṅkte / 5

Mânadantavya has said: 'He who eats fast-day food, obtains offspring better than himself; he gains favour; hunger will not attack him.'

2.1.6

tasmādyatkāmayeta tadbhuñjīta / 6

Therefore one should eat (fast-day food) which he likes.

2.1.7

nāvratyamācaret / 7

He should do nothing unholy (such as cohabiting with his wife).

2.1.8

prātarāhutiṃ hutvā / 8

After he has sacrificed the morning oblation,

2.1.9

havinirnirvapedamuṣmai tvā juṣṭaṃ nirvapāmīti devatāśrayaṃ sakṛdyajurvā dvistūṣṇīm / 9

He should pour out the sacrificial food with (the formula), 'Agreeable to such and such (a deity) I pour thee out:' (this formula) referring to the
II, 1, 1. paurnamâsopakramau darsapaurnamâsau. 2. dârsam ket pûrvam upapadyeta paurnamâseneshtvâtha tat kuryâd. 3. akurvan paurnamâsîm âkâṅkshed ity eke. 4. ऽparâhne snâtvaupavasathikam dampatî bhuñgîyâtâm. 5. Mânadantavya uvâka: sreyasîm pragâm vindate kâmyo bhavaty akshodhuko ya aupavasathikam bhuṅkte. 6. tasmâd yat kâmayeta tad bhuñgîta. 7. nâvratyam âkaret. 8. prâtarâhutim hutvâ 9. havir nirvaped amushmai tvâ gushtam nirvapâmîti devatâsrayam sakrid yagur vâ dvis tûshnîm. deity, or a Yagus, (is repeated) once; twice (it is done) silently.

2.1.10

trirdevebhyaḥ prakṣālayet / 10

He should wash (the food) thrice, (if it is destined) for gods;

2.1.11

dvirmanuṣyebhyaḥ / 11

Twice, if for men;

2.1.12

sakṛtpitṛbhyaḥ / 12

Once, if for the Fathers.

2.1.13

mekṣaṇena pradakṣiṇamudāyuvaṃ śrapayet / 13

Stirring it up with the pot-ladle from the left to the right he should cook it.

2.1.14

śṛtamabhighāryodagudvāsya pratyabhighārayet / 14

When he has cooked it, he should sprinkle (Âgya) on it, should take it from the fire towards the north, and should again sprinkle (Âgya) on it.

2.1.15

sarvāṇyevaṃ havīṃṣi / 15

Thus all kinds of Havis (are prepared).

2.1.16

barhiṣyā sādya / 16

Having put (the Havis) on the sacrificial grass,

2.1.17

ājyabhāgau juhuyāccaturgṛhītamājyaṃ gṛhītvā pañcāvattaṃ bhṛgūṇāṃ jāmadagnyānāmagnaye svāhetyuttaratassomāyeti dakṣiṇataḥ / 17

He should sacrifice the two Âgya portions (in the following way): Having taken four portions of Âgya—five portions are taken by the Bhrigus (or at least?) by the Gâmadagnyas [see Indische Studien, 10, 95]—(he should make two oblations), to the north with (the formula), 'To Agni Svâhâ!' to the south with (the formula), 'To Soma Svâhâ!'

2.1.18

viparītamitare / 18

Others (do it) conversely.

2.1.19

ājyamupastīrya haviṣo 'vadyenmekṣaṇena madhyātpurastāditi / 19

Having 'spread under' Âgya, he should cut off with the pot-ladle (portions) of the Havis from the middle and from the eastern side;

2.1.20

paścācca pañcāvattī / 20

One who takes five cut-off portions (see Sûtra 17), also from the western side.

2.1.21

abhighārya pratyanaktyavadānasthānāni / 21

After he has sprinkled (Âgya) on (the cut-off portions), he anoints the places from which he has cut them off, (with Âgya).

2.1.22

na sviṣṭakṛtaḥ / 22

(This anointing) is omitted at the Svishtakrit oblation.

2.1.23

amuṣmai svāheti juhuyādyaddevatyaṃ syāt / 23

He should sacrifice with (the formula), 'To N.N. Svâhâ!'—according to the god to whom the oblation belongs.

2.1.24

sviṣṭakṛtassakṛdupastīrya dvirbhṛgūṇāṃ sakṛddhaviṣo dvirabhighāryāgnaye sviṣṭakṛte svāheti prāgudīcyāṃ juhuyāt / 24

At the Svishtakrit oblation he 'spreads under' once—twice if he is a Bhrigu—(cuts off) once (a portion) of the Havis, sprinkles (Âgya) on it twice, and sacrifices it in a north-eastern direction with (the formula), 'To Agni Svishtakrit Svâhâ!

2.1.25

samidhamādhāya / 25

Having put a piece of wood (on the fire),

2.1.26

darbhānājye haviṣi vā triravadhāyāgramadhyamūlānyaktaṃ rihāṇā viyantu vaya ityabhyukṣyāgnāvanumahared yaḥ paśūnāmadhipatī rudrastanticaro vṛṣā paśūnasmākaṃ mā hiṃsīretadastu hutaṃ tava svāheti / 26

He should dip Darbha-blades (of the sacrificial grass strewn round the fire) three times, the points, the middle, and the roots, into the Âgya or into the Havis with (the words), 'May the birds come, licking what has been anointed.' Then, after having sprinkled (those Darbha-blades with water), he should throw them into the fire, with (the verse), 'Thou who art the lord of cattle, Rudra, who walkest with the lines (of cattle), the manly one: do no harm to our cattle; let this be offered to thee. Svâhâ!'

2.1.27

tadyajñavāstu / 27

This (ceremony is called) Yagñavâstu.

2.1.28

sarvatra kuryāt / 28

He should perform it at all (sacrifices).

2.1.29

havirucchiṣṭamudagudvāsya brahmaṇe dadyāt / 29

The remnants of the Havis he should take away in a northern direction, and should give them to the Brahman.

2.1.30

pūrṇapātraṃ dakṣiṇā / 30

A full vessel constitutes the fee for the sacrifice;

2.1.31

yathotsāhaṃ vā / 31
iti prathamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ

Or as much as he can afford.

2.2.1

āgneyasthālīpāko 'nāhitāgnerdarśapūrṇamāsayoḥ / 1

By one who has not set up the sacred fires, a mess of cooked food, sacred to Agni, is offered at the festivals of the full and new moon;

2.2.2

agnīṣomīyaḥ paurṇamāsyāmāhitāgneḥ / 2

By one who has set them up, one sacred to Agni and Soma at the full moon;

2.2.3

hhndro māhendro vaindrāgno vā 'māvāsyāyām / 3

One sacred to Indra, or to Mahendra, or to Indra and Agni, at the new moon;

2.2.4

yathā vānāhitāgneḥ / 4

Or as (the sacrifice is performed) by one who has not set up the sacred fires.

2.2.5

sarvamahaḥ prātarāhutessthānam / 5

The time at which the morning oblation may be offered, is the whole day;

2.2.6

rātrissāyamāhuteḥ / 6

For the evening oblation the night;

2.2.7

sarvo 'parapakṣaḥ paurṇamāsasya / 7

For the sacrifice of the full moon the whole second fortnight (of the month);
2, 1. Âgneya sthâlîpâkoऽnâhitâgner darsapûrnamâsayor. 2. agnîshomîyah paurnamâsyâm âhitâgner. 3. aindro mâhendro vaindrâgno vâmâvâsyâyâm. 4. yathâ vânâhitâgnes. 5. sarvam ahah prâtarâhute sthânam. 6. râtris sâyamâhutes. 7. sarvoऽparapakshah paurnamâsasya.

2.2.8

pūrvapakṣo dārśasya / 8

For the sacrifice of the new moon the first fortnight.

2.2.9

abhojanena saṃtanuyādityeke / 9

Some say that he should keep his vow (until the sacrifice is performed) by abstaining from food.

2.2.10

avidyamāne havye yajñiyānāṃ phalāni juhuyāt / 10

If (the proper) sacrificial food is wanting, let him offer fruits of sacrificially pure (plants or trees);

2.2.11

palāśāni vā / 11

Or leaves (of such plants or trees);

2.2.12

apo vā / 12

Or water.

2.2.13

hutaṃ hi / 13

For (even if he offers water) the sacrifice has been performed.

2.2.14

prāyaścittamahutasya / 14

A penance (is prescribed) for one who does not perform the sacrifice.

2.2.15

ājyaṃ juhuyāddhaviṣo 'nādeśe / 15

If no Havis is indicated, one should offer Âgya.

2.2.16

devatā mantrānādeśe / 16

The deity (only should be named), if no Mantra is indicated.

2.2.17

prathamagarbhe tṛtīye māsi puṃsavanam / 17

In the third month of the first pregnancy (of the sacrificer's wife he should perform) the Pumsavana (i.e. the ceremony to secure the birth of a son).

2.2.18

snātāmahatenācchādya hutvā patiḥ pṛṣṭhatastiṣṭhet / 18

After she has bathed, her husband should put on her a (new) garment that has not yet been washed, and after having sacrificed he should stand behind her.

2.2.19

dakṣiṇamaṃsamanvavamṛśyānantarhitaṃ nābhideśamabhimṛśetpumāṃsāviti / 19

Grasping down over her right shoulder he

2.2.20

athāparaṃ nyagrodhaśuṅgāmubhayataḥphalāmasrāmāmakrimiparisṛptāṃ trissaptairyavaiḥ parikrīyotthāpayenmāṣairvā sarvatrauṣadhayassumanaso bhūtvā 'syāṃ vīryaṃ samādhatteyaṃ karma kariṣyatīti / 20

Then another (ceremony). Having bought for three times seven barley corns or beans, a Nyagrodha-shoot which has fruits on both sides, which is not dry, and not touched by worms, he should set that up with (the formula), Ye herbs everywhere, being well-minded, bestow strength on this (shoot); for it will do its work.'

2.2.21

āhṛtya vaihāyasīṃ kuryāt / 21

He then should take it and place it in the open air.

2.2.22

kumārī brahmacārī vratavatī vā brāhmaṇī peṣayedapratyāharantī / 22

A girl, or a (wife) addicted (to her husband), or a student, or a Brâhmanî should pound (that Nyagrodha-shoot) without moving backward (the stone with which she pounds it).

2.2.23

snātāṃ saṃveśya dakṣiṇe nāsikāsrotasyāsiñcet pumānagniriti / 23

(The husband) should make (the wife) who has bathed, lie down, and should insert (that pounded substance) into her right nostril with (the verse), 'A man is Agni' (MB. I, 4, 9).

2.2.24

athāsyāścaturthe māsi ṣaṣṭhe vā sīmantonnayanam / 24

Then in the fourth or sixth month (of her pregnancy) the Sîmantonnayana (or parting of the hair is performed) for her.

2.2.25

snātāmahatenācchādya hutvā patiḥ pṛṣṭhatastiṣṭhannanupūrvayā phalavṛkṣaśākhayā sakṛtsīmantamunnayet triśvetayā ca śalalyā 'yamūrjāvato vṛkṣa iti / 25

After she has bathed, her husband should put on her a garment that has not yet been washed,

2.2.26

kṛsaraḥ sthālīpākaḥ / 26

While she looks at a mess of boiled rice with sesamum seeds, covered with ghee, he should ask her, 'What dost thou see?'

2.2.27

uttaraghṛtamavekṣantīṃ pṛccheta kiṃ paśyasīti / 27

He should make her reply, 'Offspring!'

2.2.28

prajāmiti vācayet / 28

When the child is appearing, the sacrifice for the woman in labour (is to be performed)—

2.2.29

pratiṣṭhite vastau soṣyantīhomaḥ / 29

With the two verses, 'She who athwart' (MB. I, 5, 6 seq.).

2.2.30

yā tiraścīti dvābhyām / 30

He should give a name to the child, 'N.N.!'

2.2.31

asāviti nāma dadhyāt 31

That (is his) secret (name).

2.2.32

tadguhyam / 32

Before the navel-string is cut off and the breast is given (to the child, the father) should have rice and barley grains pounded in the way prescribed for the Nyagrodha-shoot (see Sûtra 22).

2.2.33

prāṅnābhikṛntanāt stanadānācca vrīhiyavau peṣayecchuṅgāvṛtā / 33

He should take thereof with his (right) thumb and fourth finger and give it to the child to eat, with (the formula), 'This order' (MB. I, 5, 8).

2.2.34

aṅguṣṭhenānāmikayā cādāya kumāraṃ prāśayediyamājñeti / 34

And butter with (the verse), 'May intelligence to thee' (MB. I, 5, 9).

2.2.35

sarpiśca medhāṃ ta iti / 35
iti dvitīyaḥ khaṇḍaḥ

2.3.1

jananājjyautsne tṛtīye tṛtīyāyāṃ prātaḥ snāpya kumāramastamite śāntāsu dikṣu pitā candramasamupatiṣṭhet prāñjaliḥ / 1

On the third (Tithi) of the third bright fortnight after his birth, the father should have the child bathed in the morning, and after sunset he should, holding up his joined hands, towards the auspicious directions (of the horizon), worship the moon.

2.3.2

śucinā ''cchādya mātā prayacchedudakchirasam / 2

The mother, having dressed (the son) in a clean (garment), should hand him, with his face turned to the north, to the father.

2.3.3

anupṛṣṭhaṃ gatvottaratastiṣṭhet / 3

She then should pass behind (her husband's) back, and should station herself towards the north.

2.3.4

yatte susīma iti tisṛbhirupasthāyodañcaṃ mātre pradāya yadada ityapāmañjalimavasiñcet / 4

After he has performed worship (to the moon) with the three (verses), 'Thy heart, O thou with the well-parted hair' (MB. I, 5, 10 seqq.), and has handed over the son, turning him towards the north, to his mother, he should pour water out of his joined hands with (the verse), 'What in the moon' (l.l. 13).

2.3.5

dvistūṣṇīm / 5

(He should do the same) twice silently.

2.3.6

jananādūrdhvaṃ daśarātrācchatarātrātsaṃvatsarādvā nāma kuryāt / 6

After a period of ten nights, or of a hundred nights, or of one year after (the child's birth) he should give him a name.

2.3.7

snāpya kumāraṃ kariṣyata upaviṣṭasya śucinā ''cchādya mātā prayacchedudakchirasam / 7

He who is going to perform (that ceremony-the father or a representative of the father), after he
3, 1. gananâg gyautsne tritîye tritîyâyâm prâta snâpya kumâram astam ite sântâsu dikshu pitâ kandramasam upatishthet prâñgalih. 2. sukinâkhâdya mâtâ prayakhed udaksirasam. 3. anuprishtham gatvottaratas tishthed. 4. yat te susîma iti tisribhir upasthâyodañkam mâtre pradâya yad ada ity apâm añgalim avasiñked. 5. dvis tûshnîm. 6. gananâd ûrdhvam dasarâtrâk khatarâtrât samvatsarâd vâ nâma kuryât. 7. snâpya kumâram karishyata upavishtasya sukinâkhâdya mâtâ prayakhed udaksirasam. has had the boy bathed, should sit down, and the mother, having dressed him in a clean (garment), should hand him, with his face turned to the north, to the performer (of the ceremony).

2.3.8

anupṛṣṭhaṃ gatyottarata upaviśet / 8

She then should walk around behind (his) back and should sit down towards the north.

2.3.9

hutvā kosīti tasya mukhyān prāṇānabhimṛśet / 9

He should sacrifice and should touch the sense-organs at (the boy's) head with the (Mantra), 'Who art thou?' (MB. I, 5, 14, 15.)

2.3.10

asāviti nāma kuryāttadeva mantrānte / 10

'N.N.!'—(at the place thus indicated in the Mantra) he should give him a name.

2.3.11

mātre / 11

The same (he should pronounce) at the end of the Mantra.

2.3.12

prathamamākhyāya / 12

He should tell it to the mother first.

2.3.13

viproṣyaṅgādaṅgāditi putrasya mūrdhānaṃ parigṛhṇīyāt / 13

(The father) when returning from a journey, should grasp (with his two hands) his son round the head, with (the verses), 'From limb by limb' (MB. I, 5, 16-18).

2.3.14

paśūnāṃ tvetyabhijighret / 14

With (the formula), 'With the cattle's' (l.l. 19), he should kiss him.

2.3.15

tūṣṇīṃ striyāḥ / 15

Silently (he should do the same) with a daughter.

2.3.16

tṛtīye varṣe caulam / 16

In the third year the tonsure (of the child's head is performed).

2.3.17

tatra nāpita uṣṇodakamādarśaḥ kṣuro vaudumbaraḥ piñjūlya iti dakṣiṇataḥ / 17

There the barber, warm water, a mirror, or a

2.3.18

ānaḍuho gomayaḥ kṛsarassthālīpāko vṛthāpakva ityuttarataḥ / 18

A bull's dung and a mess of boiled rice with sesamum seeds which may be more or less cooked, to the north;

2.3.19

mātā ca kumāramādāya / 19

And the mother with the son in her lap.

2.3.20

hutvā 'yamāgāditi nāpitaṃ prekṣetsavitāraṃ dhyāyan / 20

(The performer of the ceremony), after having sacrificed, should look, with (the Mantra), 'Hither has come' (MB. I, 6, 1), at the barber, fixing his thoughts on (the god) Savitri.

2.3.21

uṣṇenetyuṣṇodakaṃ prekṣedvāyuṃ dhyāyan / 21

With (the Mantra), 'With warm water' (l.l. 2), he should look at the warm water, fixing his thoughts on Vâyu.

2.3.22

āpa ityundet / 22

With (the Mantra), 'May the waters' (l.l. 3), he moistens (the boy's hair).

2.3.23

viṣṇorityādarśaṃ prekṣedaudumbaraṃ vā / 23

With (the Mantra), 'Vishnu's (l.l. 4), he should look at the mirror or at the razor of Udumbara-wood.

2.3.24

oṣadha iti darbhapiñjūlīssaptordhvāgrā abhinidhāya / 24

With (the Mantra), 'Herb!' (l.l. 5) he puts seven Darbha-blades, with their points upwards (i.e. towards the boy's head?), into (his hair).

2.3.25

svadhita ityādarśena kṣureṇaudumbareṇa vā / 25

With (the formula), 'Axe!' (l.l. 6) (he presses them down) with the mirror or with the razor of Udumbara-wood.

2.3.26

yena pūṣeti dakṣiṇatastriḥ prāñcaṃ prohet / 26

With (the Mantra), 'With which Pûshan' (l.l. 7), he should move forward (the razor) three

2.3.27

sakṛdāyasena pracchidyānaḍuhe gomaye keśān kuryāt / 27

Cutting (the hair) once with a razor of metal he should throw the hair on the bull's dung.

2.3.28

undanaprabhṛnyevaṃ paścāduttarataśca / 28

The same rites, beginning from the moistening (of the hair, are repeated) on the left side and on the back side (of the child's head).

2.3.29

tryāyuṣamiti putrasya mūrdhānaṃ parigṛhya japet / 29

Grasping (with his two hands) the boy round his head he should murmur (the verse), 'The threefold age' (l.l. 8).

2.3.30

udaṅṅutsṛpya kuśalī kārayedyathāgotrakulakalpam / 30

Walking away (from the fire) in a northern direction he should have the arrangement of (the boy's) hair made according to the custom of his Gotra and of his family.

2.3.31

araṇye keśānnikhaneyuḥ / 31

Let them bury the hair in the forest.

2.3.32

stambe nidadhatyeke / 32

Some throw them on a bunch (of grass or the like).

2.3.33

gaurdakṣiṇā / 33
iti tṛtīyaḥ khaṇḍaḥ

A cow constitutes the sacrificial fee.

2.4.1

aṣṭame varṣe brāhmaṇamupanayet / 1

Let him initiate a Brâhmana in his eighth year.

2.4.2

tasyā ṣoḍaśādanatītaḥ kālaḥ / 2

For him the time (for being initiated) has not passed until his sixteenth (year).

2.4.3

ekādaśe kṣatriyam / 3

In the eleventh a Kshatriya.
4, 1. ashtame varshe brâhmanam upanayet. 2. tasyâ shodasâd anatîtah kâla. 3. ekâdase kshatriyam.

2.4.4

tasyā dvāviṃśāt / 4

For him (the time has not passed) until the twenty-second.

2.4.5

dvādaśe vaiśyam / 5

In the twelfth a Vaisya.

2.4.6

tasyā caturviṃśāt / 6

For him (the time has not passed) until the twenty-fourth.

2.4.7

kuśalīkṛtamalaṃkṛtamahatenācchādya hutvā 'gne vratapata iti / 7

After (the student's) hair has been arranged, and he has been adorned, and dressed in a garment which has not yet been washed, (the teacher) should sacrifice with (the Mantras which the student recites), 'Agni! Lord of the vow!' (MB. I, 6, 9-13.)

2.4.8

uttarato 'gneḥ pratyaṅmukhamavasthāpyāñjaliṃ kārayet / 8

He should cause (the student) to stand northwards of the fire, facing the west, and to join his hands.

2.4.9

svayaṃ copari kuryāt / 9

And he should himself join his hands above (the student's hands).

2.4.10

dakṣiṇatastiṣṭhanmantravān brāhmaṇa ācāryāyodakāñjaliṃ pūrayet / 10

A Brâhmana versed in the Mantras who stands towards the south, should fill the teacher's joined hands with water.

2.4.11

āgantreti japet prekṣamāṇe / 11

While (the student?) looks at him, (the teacher) should murmur (the Mantra), 'With him who comes to us' (MB. I, 6, 14).

2.4.12

ko nāmāsītyukto devatāśrayaṃ nakṣatrāśrayaṃ vā 'bhivādanīyaṃ nāma brūyādasāvasmīti / 12

(The student) to whom (the teacher) has said, 'What is thy name?' should pronounce a name which he is to use at respectful salutations, derived from (the name of) a deity or a Nakshatra, 'I am N.N.!' (l.l. 17.)

2.4.13

utsṛjyāpo devasya ta iti dakṣiṇottarābhyāṃ hastābhyāmañjaliṃ gṛhṇīyādācāryaḥ / 13

Having let the water run (out of his joined hands over the student's hands) the teacher should seize with his two hands, holding the right uppermost, (the student's) joined hands, with (the formula), By the impulse of the god Sâvitrî' (l.l. 18).

2.4.14

sūryasyeti pradakṣiṇamāvartayet / 14

With (the formula), 'Move in the sun's course' (l.l. 19) he should make him turn round from left to right.

2.4.15

dakṣiṇamaṃsamanvavamṛśyānantarhitāṃ nābhimālabhetprāṇānāmiti / 15

Grasping down over his right shoulder he should touch his uncovered navel with (the formula), '(Thou art the knot) of all breath' (l.l. 20).

2.4.16

athainaṃ paridadyādantakaprabhṛtibhiḥ / 16

He then should give him in charge (to the gods) with the Antaka and the other formulas (l.l. 20 seqq.).

2.4.17

dakṣiṇamaṃsaṃ prajāpataye tveti / 17

(He touches) his right shoulder with (the formula), 'To Pragâpati (I give) thee (in charge)' (l.l. 23),

2.4.18

savyena savyaṃ devāya tveti / 18

His left shoulder with his left (hand) with (the formula), 'To the god Savitri (I give) thee (in charge)' (l.l. 24).

2.4.19

brahmacāryasīti / 19

Having directed him (to observe the duties of Brahmakarya, by the formula), 'A student art thou' (l.l. 25, 26), (the teacher) sitting down should from left to right tie round the student, who bends his right knee and clasps his hands, the girdle made of Muñga grass, and should cause him to repeat (the verse), 'Protecting us from evil word' (l.l. 27).

2.4.20

saṃpreṣyopaviśya dakṣiṇajānvaktamañjalikṛtaṃ pradakṣiṇaṃ muñjamekhalāmāvadhnanvācayediyaṃ duruktāditi / 20

With (the words), 'Recite, sir!' (the student) should respectfully sit down near (the teacher).

2.4.21

adhīhi bho ityupasīdet / 21

He then recites the Sâvitrî (l.l. 29) to him, Pâda by Pâda, hemistich by hemistich, (and finally) the whole-thus he should teach him the Sâvitrî,

2.4.22

tasmā anvāha sāvitrīṃ paccho 'rdharcaśassarvāmiti sāvitrīṃ vācayet / 22

And the Mahâvyâhritis, one by one,

2.4.23

mahāvyāhṛtīścaikaikaśaḥ / 23

And the word Om.

2.4.24

oṃkāraṃ ca / 24

He hands over to him the staff, which should be made of (the wood of) a tree—

2.4.25

prayacchatyasmai vārkṣaṃ daṇḍam / 25

With (the formula which the student has to recite), 'O glorious one, make me glorious' (l.l. 34).

2.4.26

suśravassuśravasaṃ meti / 26

Let him put a piece of wood (on the fire) with (the verse), 'To Agni a piece of wood' (l.l. 32).

2.4.27

samidhamādadhyādagnaye samidhamiti / 27

Let him go to beg food;

2.4.28

bhaikṣaṃ caret / 28

First of his mother,

2.4.29

mātaramagre / 29

Then of other women friends.

2.4.30

athānyāssuhṛdaḥ / 30

He should announce the alms (received) to his teacher.

2.4.31

ācāryāya bhaikṣaṃ nivedayet / 31

He should stand silently till sunset.

2.4.32

tiṣṭhedā 'stamayāttūṣaṇīṃ / 32

Through a period of three nights he should avoid eating saline food and drinking milk.

2.4.33

trirātraṃ kṣāralavaṇadugdhamiti varjayet / 33
iti caturthaḥ khaṇḍaḥ

2.5.1

godāne caulavatkalpaḥ / 1

At the Godâna (or cutting of the beard) the
5, 1. atha goalie kaulavat kalpah. rite is identical with the Kaula (cutting of the hair; see above, chap. 3, 16 seqq.).

2.5.2

salomaṃ vāpayet / 2

He should have (his beard) and the hair of his body shaven.

2.5.3

go 'śvāvimithunāni dakṣiṇāḥ pṛthagvarṇānām / 3

The sacrificial fee consists of an ox and a cow, or of a pair of horses, or of sheep, for the (three) castes respectively,

2.5.4

sarveṣāṃ vā gauḥ / 4

Or of a cow for all (castes).

2.5.5

ajaḥ keśapratigrahāya / 5

A goat (is given) to the person who catches up the hair.

2.5.6

uktamupanayanam / 6

The initiation (connected with the Godânakarman, &c.) has been declared.

2.5.7

nācariṣyantaṃ saṃvatsaram / 7

(One should) not initiate one who does not intend to keep the vow through one year.

2.5.8

aniyuktaṃ tvahatam / 8

(The use of) a garment, however, which has not yet been washed (see chap. 4, 7), is not prescribed (here),

2.5.9

tathālaṅkāraḥ / 9

Nor the adornment (chap. 4, 7).

2.5.10

adhassaṃveśī / 10

(The observances prescribed for the Godânavrata are the following:)
He should sleep on the ground.

2.5.11

amadhumāṃsāśī syāt / 11

He should avoid eating honey and flesh.

2.5.12

maithunakṣurakṛtyasnānāvalekhanadantadhāvanapādadhāvanāni varjayet / 12

He should avoid sexual intercourse, shaving, (luxurious) bathing, combing his head, and cleansing his teeth and his feet (in a luxurious way).

2.5.13

nāsya kāme retasskandet / 13

nâsya kâme reta skandet.

2.5.14

na goyuktamārohet / 14

Let him not mount a chariot yoked with cows,

2.5.15

na grāma upānahau / 15

Nor (wear) shoes in the village.

2.5.16

mekhalādhāraṇabhaikṣacaryadaṇḍasamidādhānopasparśanaprātarabhivādā nityam / 16

Wearing the girdle, going the rounds for alms, (carrying) a staff, putting fuel (on the fire), touching water, reverentially saluting (the teacher) in the morning: (these are the) standing (duties).

2.5.17

godānavrātikādityavrataupaniṣadajyeṣṭhasāmikāssaṃvatsarāḥ / 17

The Godâna-vrata, the Vrâtika-vrata, the Âditya-vrata, the Upanishad-vrata, and the Gyeshthasâma-vrata (last) one year (each).

2.5.18

nādityavratamekeṣām / 18

The Âditya-vrata some (do) not (undergo).

2.5.19

ye carantyekavāsaso bhavanti / 19

They who undergo it, wear one garment.

2.5.20

ādityaṃ ca nāntardadhate / 20

They allow nothing to be between (themselves and) the sun.

2.5.21

nācāpo 'bhyupayanti / 21

And they do not descend into water.

2.5.22

śakvarīṇāṃ dvādaśa nava ṣaṭtraya iti vikalpāḥ / 22

For the Sakvarî verses, twelve, nine, six, or three (years through which the Vrata is to be kept) make up the various possibilities.

2.5.23

kṛṣṇavastraḥ / 23

He (who keeps the Sâkvara-vrata) wears dark clothes.

2.5.24

kṛṣṇabhakṣaḥ / 24

He eats dark food.

2.5.25

ācāryādhīnaḥ / 25

He is entirely addicted to his teacher.

2.5.26

tiṣṭheddivā / 26

He should stand in day-time.

2.5.27

āsīta naktam / 27

He should sit at night.

2.5.28

saṃvatsaramekeṣāṃ pūrvaiḥ śrutāścet / 28

According to some (teachers, the Vrata may last only) one year, if the ancestors (of the student) have learnt (the Sakvarî verses).

2.5.29

upoṣitāya pariṇaddhākṣāyānugāpayet / 29

(The teacher) should sing (those verses) to (the student) who has fasted and veiled his eyes (thinking), 'May (the teacher) not burn me (with the Sakvarî verses).'

2.5.30

yathā mā na pradhakṣyatīti taṃ prātarabhivīkṣayanti yānyapradhakṣyanti manyante 'po 'gniṃ vatsamādityam / 30

In the morning they make (the student) look at such things as they expect will not burn him, viz. water, fire, a calf, the sun.

2.5.31

apo 'bhivyakhyamityapo jyotirabhivyakhyamityagniṃ paśūnabhivyakhyamiti vatsaṃ surabhivyakhyamityādityaṃ visṛjedvācam / 31

At water (he should look) with (the words), 'Water have I beheld!' At fire with (the words), 'Light have I beheld!' At the calf with (the words), 'Cattle have I beheld!' At the sun with (the words), 'The sky have I beheld!'—thus he should break his silence.

2.5.32

gaurdakṣiṇā / 32

A cow is the fee (for the teacher),

2.5.33

kaṃso vāso rukmaśca / 33

A brazen vessel, a garment, and a golden ornament.

2.5.34

anupravacanīyeṣvṛcaṃ sāma sadasaspatimiti cājyaṃ juhuyāt / 34

At the Anupravakanîya ceremonies (see Âsvalâyana-Grihya I, 22, 12) he should sacrifice Âgya with (the two verses), 'To the Rik, to the Sâman we sacrifice' (Sâma-veda I, 369), and, 'The lord of the seat' (Sv. I, 171).

2.5.35

cityayūpopasparśanakarṇakrośākṣivepaneṣu sūryābhyuditassūryābhinirmukta indriyaiśca pāpasparśaiḥ punarmāmityetābhyāmāhutiṃ juhuyāt / 35

If he has touched a fire-altar or a sacrificial post, if he has humming in his ears, or if his eye

2.5.36

ājyalipte vā samidhau / 36

Or two pieces of wood anointed with Âgya.

2.5.37

japedvā laghuṣu japedvā laghuṣu / 37
iti pañcamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ
iti dvitīyaḥ paṭalaḥ

Or he may murmur (those verses) at light (offences). Or he may murmur (those verses) at light (offences).
End of the Second Patala.