[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Auxiliary Sciences of the Veda](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga) › [Etymology and Vedic lexicon](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta) › [Nirukta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska) › [Rijvartha (Niruktavritti)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga) › 167 # Yāska's Nirukta 167 Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 167 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [167.p1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.167.p1) ‘ṛbīsam (132)’ -ityanavagatam| ‘apagatabhāsam’-ityevamādyāḥ śabdasamādhayaḥ| ‘pṛthivī’abhidheyā, sā hi kṛṣṇacchāyā| tasmādapagatabhāsamityevamādyāḥ śabdasamādhaya upapadyate-|| ### [167.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.167.1) “himenāgniṃghramaṃvārayethāṃ 0-sarvagaṇaṃ svasti || (ṛ0 saṃ0 1,8,9,3)”-iti || kakṣīvata ārṣam | triṣṭup | āśvinī | prātaranuvākāśvinayoḥ śasyate | he aśvinau ! “himena” “udakena” atipravṛddhaṃ “grīṣmānte” “agnim” abhivattīkṣaṇam balakaram upastaraṇābhidhāraṇātmakaṃ “ghraṃsam” “ahaḥ” lakṣaṇam, imān lokān didhakṣantamiva, yuvām “avārayethām” | vārayitvā ca “pitumaṃtīm” “annavatīm” puroḍāśādyannasahitām “ūrjam” ājyalakṣṇām, yuktam “adhattam” “asmai” “agnaye” havirbhāje, varṣānugrahapūrvakayā oṣadhiniṣpattyā | kiñca, “ṛbīse atrimaśvināvanītam” yuvāmeva he “aśvinau !” “yo'yam” ṛbīse “pṛthivyām” agniranupraviṣṭo'ntaḥ, yenemāni pṛthivīgarbheṣu upanihitāni tindukādīni pacyante, yamavekṣyoktam,-“ṛvīsapakkaṃ nāśnīyāt” iti | “tam ut ninyathuḥ” yuvām, oṣadhyādyantarvarttinamauṣadhyādirūpeṇaiva | “sarvagaṇaṃ” “sarvanāmānam” agniraiva hyayamanenauṣadhyādirūpeṇāvasthitaḥ, sarvairnāmabhiḥ abhidhīyate, agneḥ sarvotpattidarśanāt | kampunararthaṃ purodhāya unninyathuḥ ? iti,-“svasti” svastyayanāyāsya jagataḥ, oṣadhyādyabhāvena hi sarvameva jagadvinaśyeta || evamatra “ṛbīsa”-śabdena “pṛthivī”- ucyate || “gaṇaḥ, gaṇanāt” ma hi gaṇyate bahusaṃyogāt | “guṇaśca” guṇo'pi gaṇanādeva, asāvapi hi gaṇyata eva,-dviguṇaḥ triguṇa iti | nigamaprasaktametaduktam || adhunāsya mantrasya bhāṣyakāraḥ samastārthamāha,-“yadavṛṣṭa oṣadhayaḥ uśanti prāṇinaśca pṛthivyāma tadaśvino rūpama” so'śvinoradhikāraḥ, tadaśvinormahābhāgyam| “tena” māhābhāgyalakṣaṇena rūpeṇa “etau” aśvinau mantradṛk “stauti”| 6| 36| yāvanto mantrāḥsarvaśākhānām, teṣu yāni guṇapadāni lakṣaṇoddeśataḥ, tāni sarvāṇyadya vyākhyātāni|| iti śrījambūmārgāśramavāsinaḥ ācāryabhagavaddurgasya kṛtau ṛjvarthāyāṃ niruktadīpikākhyāyāṃ niruktavṛttau ṣaṣṭhā (ekādaśo ) dhyāyaḥ samāptaḥ | 6 || ( naigamaṃ kāṇḍaṃ pūrvārddhaśca saṃpūrṇe ) samāptaṃ naikapadikaṃ prakaraṇam| asyānu daivataṃ tadvayati, yasyāyamādiḥ “athāto daivatam” iti| yāvanto mantrāḥ sarvaśākhāsu, teṣu yāni guṇapadāni lakṣaṇoddeśataḥ, tāni manīṣyaiva vyākhyātāni dvayoḥ prakaraṇayoḥ—naighaṇṭukaikapādikayoḥ, saṃvijñātapadāni tu prathānastutibhāgdevatāviṣayāṇi agnyādīni sarvamantreṣvavaśiṣyante, tāni ca punaramūni samāmnātānyasmiñchāstre agnyādīni devapattyantāni | atastadvayācikhyāsayedamārabhyate |— “athāto daivatam”—iti| “atha”—śabdo'dhikārārthaḥ | “ataḥ” śabdaḥ krame, hetau vā| prakaraṇadvayānantaramidamavaśyaṃ samāmnāyānukramaprāptaṃ vyākhyātavyamityeṣaṃ kramaṃ| | daivatamantareṇa na śakyo devatāpadārthaḥ samyagavaboddhum, devatāparijñānānubaddhastvāgyaistaiḥ puruṣārtha ityataḥ, “daivataṃ” prakaraṇaṃ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ—iti vākyaśeṣaḥ || evaṃ hetau | 7| ### [167.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.167.2) āha—kiṃ sattva punastaddaivataṃ prakaraṇam ? iti, ucyate—“tadyāni nāmāni prādhānyastutīnāṃ devatānāṃ taddaivatamityācakṣate” | yāni nāmāni prādhānyastutīnāma agnyādīnāṃ devapattyantānāṃ devatānāṃ tat daivataṃ prakaraṇam iti evamācāryāḥ ācakṣate|| nirūḍhā hīyametasmin prakaraṇe sañjñetyabhiprāyaḥ | 7 | ### [167.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.167.3) “saiṣā devatopaparīkṣā” | sā, yā purastāt prakaraṇatrayopanyāse—“naighaṇṭukamidaṃ devatānāmaprādhānyenedamiti”—( 1 | 20 | 2) “tadyāni nāmāni prādhānyastutīnāṃ devatānāṃ tad daivatamityācakṣate, tadupariṣṭād vyākhyāsyāmaḥ”-iti ( 1| 20|6 ) pratijñātā| sā idānīṃ prakaraṇadvaye nirṇīkte yathāprakaraṇopanyāsainaivāvasaraprāptā,sāmānyaviśeṣataḥ svalakṣaṇasatattvopapattibhirekaikasyā devattāyā upagamyopagamyaparīkṣā,varttiṣyataiti vākyaśeṣaḥ|| ihamihoktam-prādhānyastutibhāñji yāni devatābhidhānāni, tatsamudāyo daivata prakaraṇam, tad vyākhyāsyāmaḥ iti | tasya punariyameva samāmato vyākhyā yaddevatopaparīkṣaṇam, tadabhidhānavyutpatti-tatstutyudāharaṇa-tannirvacanāni | 7 | ### [167.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.167.4) tatpunaretat sarvamapi mantrārthidaivatalakṣaṇamanuktyā na śakyaṃ vyākhyātum, mantrādhīnatvāt sarvasyāsya, ato mantradaivatalakṣaṇavididhārayipayā bravīti, “yatkāma ṛṣiyasyāṃ devatāyāmārthapatyamicchan stutiṃ prayuṅkte taddevataḥ sa mantro bhavati” | yadarthimsa kāmayamānaḥ, ṛṣiḥ yasyāṃ devatāyām abhiṣṭutāyām, ārthapatyam arthapatigānamātmanaḥ icchan amuṣyāḥ devatāyāḥ prasadenāhamamuṣyārthasya patirbhagviṣyāmītyetāṃ vṛddhiṃ purodhāya stuti prayuṅkte, “taddevataḥ” eva “sa mantraḥ” arthāt bhavati | etat mantre devatā lakṣaṇam | etena lakṣaṇena sarvamantreṣu devatāpekṣyā || athavā devatāyāmasyārthasyeyaṃ devatā dātuṃ samartheti jānānaḥ stutiṃ prayuṅkte yena mantreṇa, sā pradhānastutibhāgadevatā | sā punariyaṃ stutiḥ caturvidhā,-nāmā, bandhubhiḥ, karmaṇā, rūpeṇati, “stutirnāma rūpakarmabandhubhiḥ”-ityuktam | 7 | ### [167.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.167.5) ṛca eva hi prāyeṇānitarāgaṇihitārthāḥ, na tathā yajūṃṣi | tāsu hi vijñātāsu yajūṃṣyapivijñātānyeva bhavanti|tasmādana eva puraskṛtya bravīti,-“tāstrividhā ṛcaḥ”iti | yāḥ kāścana sarvavedeṣu ṛcaḥ tāḥ sarvā api trividhāḥ eva bhavanti || tayathā,“parokṣakṛtāḥ, pratyakṣakṛtāḥ, ādhyātmikyaśca”-iti | 7 | ### [167.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.167.6) tatraividhyaṃ sāmānyata uddiśya adhunā pratyekaṃ lakṣaṇato bravīti, udāharaṇaiśca darśayati | ‘tatra’ tasmin traividhye parokṣakṛtānāmṛcāmetallakṣaṇaṃ bhavati,—“tatra parokṣakṛtāḥ sarvābhirnāmavibhaktibhiryujyante prathamapuruṣaiścākhyātasya” | ## Linked texts (1) - [Nirukta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska.6.35) — Yāska, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.167](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.167) · Pramāṇa