[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Auxiliary Sciences of the Veda](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga) › [Etymology and Vedic lexicon](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta) › [Nirukta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska) › [Rijvartha (Niruktavritti)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga) › 46 # Yāska's Nirukta 46 Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 46 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [46.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.2) ya ete'rcatikarmāṇaḥ, etairhi medhāvina evārthanti, eta evādhikriyante taiḥ, ta eva hi stotuṃ śaknuvanti, netare amedhasaḥ || tasmāt "medhāvināmānyuttarāṇi caturviṃśatiḥ”| arcatikarmabhyaḥ uttarāṇi medhāvināmāni || kiyanti punastāni ? caturviṃśatiḥ 24 || katamāni punastāni ? “vipraḥ, vimraḥ gṛtsaḥ dhīraḥ,”—ityevamādīni || vividhānarthāṃnasya prāptuṃ dhātīti vipraḥ | dhīḥ prajñā, tadvān dhīraḥ, ro matvarthe | vigṛhya sadasi kathayatīti vimraḥ ityevamādi | 19 | ### [46.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.3) āha—“medhāvī kasmāt ?” ucyate—sa hi “medhayā tadvān bhavati” || āha-‘“medhāḥ” | kasmāt ? sā hi “matau dhīyate” | matirbuddhiḥ, tasyāṃ yā puruṣaśaktirabhivyajyate, sā medhā ityucyate | 19 | ### [46.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.4) . ya eva medhāvinaḥ, ta eva stotuṃ śaknuvantīti medhāvināmabhyaḥ "uttarāṇi" "stotṛnāmāni" || kiyanti punastāni ? "trayodaśa" 13 || katamāni punastāni ? "rebhaḥ, jaritā, kāruḥ"- ityevamādīni | rebho rebhate stutyarthasya | jaritā jarateḥ stutyarthasyaiva | kāruḥ karttā stomānām | ityevamādi yojyam | pratyakṣavṛttitvādasya śabdasya noktam-stotā kasmāditi | 19 | ### [46.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.5) yajñeṣveva hi atiśayena devatānāṃ stutayaḥ prayujyanta iti stotṛnāmabhyaḥ "uttarāṇi" "yajñanāmāni" || kiyanti punastāni ? "pañcadaśa" 15 || katamāni punastāni ? "yajñaḥ, venaḥ, adhvaraḥ, medhaḥ"- ityevamādīni | 19 | ### [46.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.6) āha- "yajñaḥ kasmāt" ? ucyate-yadetat "prakhyātaṃ yajatikarma" lokavedayoḥ | etadeva bhāvasādhanena śabdenocyate yajanaṃ yajña iti | atha "vā" "yācyo bhavatīti" yajñaḥ, yācyate hyatra | "yajño vai devānāmanaṃ samabhūt taṃ bhṛtyāḥ samabhāvayanniti ha vijñāyate" \[ iti brāhmaṇe \] tasmād yācanād yajñaḥ || atha “vā” “yajurgiḥ” ayam “unnaḥ” iva saṃklinna iva “bhavati” bahutvodatra yajuṣām | athavā “bahu kṛṣṇājina ityaupamanyavaḥ” yadyadatra dṛśyate prativiśiṣṭaṃ sādhanaṃ kiñcit, tattat kṛṣṇājinamiti yajñaḥ | some tāvadajinadvayam, yajamāne'pyajinadvayam | avahanyamāneṣu hi haviḥṣu ajinaṃ dharmapātreṣvapyajinam, evaṃ śulbyā'saṅgaḥ| atha “vā” “yajūṣyenam” upakramādārabhyāntaṃ “nayantīti”yajñaḥ | \[ oṃ venatiḥ kāntyarthaḥ kāmyante hi yajñād grāmapaśusvargādayaḥ tasmāt sa venaḥ yajña ityucyate | mamedaṃ dāsyatīti eva yajvabhiḥ tasmāt phalaṃ prārthyata iti meghaḥ | ityevamādi \] | 19 | ### [46.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.7) yajñasambandhenaiva “ṛtviṅnāmāni uttarāṇi aṣṭau” | ṛtvijāṃ nāmāni ṛtviṅnāmāni || kiyanti punastāni ? aṣṭau 8 || katamāni punastāni ? “bhāratāḥ, kuravaḥ”ityevamādīni || bhriyante dakṣiṇābhiste iti bhāratāḥ | kurvanti karmāṇīti kuravaḥ ityevamādi | 19 | ### [46.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.8) āha-“ṛtvik kasmāt”? ucyate-“īraṇaḥ” īrayitā hi sa stutīnāṃ bhavatīti ṛtvik | 19 | ### [46.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.9) “ṛgyaṣṭā bhavatīti śākapūṇiḥ”ṛgbhirhyasau yogakārī bhavatīti ṛtvik | 19| ### [46.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.10) “ṛtuyājī bhavatīti vā” sa hi kālekāle devatāṃ yajatīti vā | ṛtau yājayatīti vā, sa hi kālekāle eva yājayate, nākāle | 19 | ### [46.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.11) ṛtviksambandhenaiva “yāñcākarmāṇa uttare dhātavaḥ saptadaśa” 17 || katame punaste ? iti-“īmahe, yāmi, manmahe”-ityevamādayaḥ | ### [46.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.12) yāñcāsambandhenaiva “dānakarmāṇa uttare dhātavo daśa” 10 || katame punaste ? iti-“dāti, dāśati, dāsati”-ityevamādayaḥ | ### [46.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.13) dānasambandhenaiva “adhyeṣaṇākarmāṇa uttare dhātavaścatvāraḥ” 4 || katame punaste ? iti-“parisrava, pavasva”-ityevamādayaḥ | satkṛtya dātṛbhirdātuṃ pratigrahītṝṇāṃ prārthanā adhyeṣaṇetyucyate | ### [46.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.14) yācyamāno hi sarvo'pi svapitīti adhyeṣaṇākarmabhya uttarau “svapitikarmāṇau” | katamau punastau ? “svapiti, sasti”-“iti” svaśabdenaivoccārya dvigrahaṇamavadhāraṇārtham, etau eva “dvau” nigame na punastṛtīyo'stīti, alpatvādvā dvigrahaṇam | ### [46.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.15) “kūpanāmānyuttarāṇi caturdaśa” kūpameva hi āśritya maro mucyate, mṛtaḥ kūpa iva patito bhavatīti vā, svapitikarmabhyāmanantarāṇi kūpanāmānyucyante | kiyanti puna stāni ? caturdaśa 14 || katamāni punastāni ? “vabraḥ, kāṭaḥ, khātaḥ”ityevamādīni | vriyate hyasāvudakārthamiti vabraḥ | kamudakamatreti kāṭaḥ--ityevamādi | ### [46.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.16) āha--“kūpaḥ kasmāt” ! ucyate,-“ku pānaṃ bhavati” yatra hyasau bhavati tatra kutsitaṃ pānaṃ bhavati, sādhanāpekṣatvāt | “kupyatervā” yatsambādhādudakārthinaḥ kupyanti | ### [46.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.17) "stenanāmānyuttarāṇi caturdaśaiva" | rūpameva vyāśritya muṣṇanti stenā ityataḥ rūpanāmabhyaḥ uttarāṇi stenanāmāni || kiyanti punastāni ? caturdaśaiva 14 || katamāni punastāni ? "tṛpuḥ, ripuḥ" ityevamādīni | parebhyo dhanānyapahṛtyātiśayenāsāvātmānaṃ bhṛtyāṃśca tarpayatīti tṛpuḥ | limpatyasāvātmānaṃ pāpeneti ripuḥ | ityevamādi | ### [46.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.18) āha "stenaḥ kasmāt" ? ucyate "saṃstyānam" saṃhatam "asmin" "pāpakam" karma bhavati "iti" eṣa "nairuktāḥ" manyante || vaiyākaraṇānāmanyathāpi syādityabhiprāyaḥ | ### [46.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.19) ·'nirṇītāntarhitanāmadheyānyuttarāṇi ṣaṭ' | nirṇītasya ca antarhitasya nāmadheyāni nirṇītāntarhitanāmadheyāni | uttarāṇi prakṛtebhyaḥ stenanāmabhyaḥ | stenā eva hyantarhitā bhavantītyeṣa sambandhaḥ stenanāmnāmantarhitanāmnāṃ ca || kiyanti punastāni ? ṣaṭ 6 || katamāni punastāni ? "niṇyam, sasvaḥ, sanutaḥ"-ityevamādīni | nirṇītamiva niṇyam | suptamiva sasvaḥ | santatamiva sanutaḥ,-ityevamādīni | ### [46.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.21) "dūranāmānyuttarāṇi pañca" 5 || antarhitaṃ yada bhavati, dūra iva hi tad bhavatītyeṣa sambandhaḥ || katamāni punastāni ? “āke, parāke, parācaiḥ"- ityevamādīni || ā kiyato deśāt etad varttataṃ iti vijñātavyametada bhavatītyāke | parāke parākrānte | parāṅmukhamañcita parācairityevamādi | yathaiva śrutāni cchandasi, tathaivaitāni samāmnātāni | ### [46.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.22) āha "dūra kasmāt" ? ucyate - "drutaṃ" hi tat "bhavati" adhvano mahattvāt | "durayaṃ vā" duḥkhaṃ hi tad gamyate prāpyata ityarthaḥ | ### [46.23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.23) dūrasambandhenaiva "purāṇanāmānyuttarāṇi ṣaṭ" 6 || samāna hi kālādhvanormahattvaṃ dūrapurāṇayoḥ || katamāni punastāni ? "pratnam, pradivaḥ, pravayāḥ" -ityevamādīni|| prāktanaṃ pratnam|prāga dyutimadāmīditi pradivaḥ| prakṛṣṭavayāḥ pravayāḥ ityevamādi | ### [46.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.24) āha "purāṇaṃ kasmāt" ? ucyate, - taddhi "purā navaṃ bhavati" na varttamānakāle | 03 | ### [46.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.25) "navanāmānyuttarāṇi ṣaḷeva" 6 || purāṇasambandhenaiva | katamāni punastāni ? "navam, nūtanam, nṛtanam"-ityevamādīni | ### [46.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.26) dūranāmānyuttarāṇi pañca | āha - "navaṃ kasmāt"? ucyate, taddhi sadya eva kutaścit "ānītaṃ bhavati" kṣiprotpannaṃ nūtamamityevamādi | ### [46.27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46.27) purāṇanāmānyuttarāṇi ṣaṭ | ## Linked texts (1) - [Nirukta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska.3.19) — Yāska, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.46) · Pramāṇa