[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Auxiliary Sciences of the Veda](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga) › [Etymology and Vedic lexicon](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta) › [Nirukta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska) › [Rijvartha (Niruktavritti)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga) › 8 # Yāska's Nirukta 8 Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 8 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [8.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.8.1) vyākhyātāḥ padapūraṇāḥ | nipātasamāhāramadhunā darśayati, tadadhikārārtho'yam-“atha” śabdaḥ | ‘api’ iti sambhāvane | athāyameva iditi kevalaḥ prayujyamānaḥ padapūraṇo bhavati | api cāyameva “na”-ityetena “saṃ” yuktaḥ, “prayujyate paribhaye” arthe | sarvato bhayaṃ paribhayam || kathaṃ prayogaḥ ?, “nejjihyāyantyo narakaṃ patāmeti”| mṛgyaḥ śeṣaḥ || kecittvetaṃ kṛtaśeṣamatrādhīyate-“havirbhireke svaritaḥ saṃcante sunvanta eke sarvaneṣu somān | śacīrmadanta uta dakṣiṇābhirnejjihyāyantyo narakaṃ patāma ||” iti || nāradena kila vipralabhyamānā asurapatnyo bhartṛn prati tamanena mantreṇa pratyūcuḥ | ‘eke’ tāvat ‘ itaḥ ’ lokāt ‘ havirbhiḥ ’ puroḍāśādibhirnimittabhūtaiḥ ‘ svaḥ ’ ‘ sacante ’ svargaṃ lokaṃ prāpnuvanti sma | artha ‘ eke’ ‘savaneṣu ’ yajñeṣu ‘somān sunvantaḥ’ abhiṣu- ṇvantaḥ, tena karmaṇetyarthaḥ | 'śacīrmadantaḥ' anye śacyā vācā stutibhireke devān mādayantaḥ santarpayanta ityarthaḥ | apyanye 'dakṣiṇābhiḥ' svaḥ sacante ityetadevānuvarttate | tatraivaṃ sati, tena tenābhyudyateṣu prāṇiṣu śreyaḥ prati yadi vayametānapi 'bhartṝn samyak paricarema | anyeṣāṃ japahomādīnāṃ karmaṇāmasambhave sati| “na it” vayameteṣāmapyupari “jihmayantyaḥ” jihmamācarantyo bhagavan “narakaṃ patāma”--na hyanyo bhartṛparicaryyāttaḥ striyāḥ kaścana dharmo'stītyabhiprāyaḥ || narakaśabdaṃ nirbravīti,--nīcairasminnaryyate gamyata iti narakam | athavā nāstyasmin ramaṇaṃ ratikaraṃ sthānamalpamapyastīti narakam | 11 | ### [8.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.8.2) “athāpi” ayamaparo nipātasamāhāro “nacetyeṣa idityetena” eva samprayuktaḥ “prayujyate”| kenacidanupṛṣṭe sati prativacanaṃ bhavati | tad yathā,--kaścit kaścit pṛcchati,–‘tiṣṭhanti vṛṣalāḥ ?, iti | tataḥ pratyācaṣṭe,–‘tiṣṭhanti' iti | tato ‘yadi tiṣṭhanti, kimarthaṃ nāgacchanti ?' iti punaranupṛṣṭe bravīti,--“na cet surāṃ pibanti” āgamiṣyanti' iti, yadi surāṃ na pivantītyarthaḥ || atha “surā” kasmāt ?, “sunoteḥ”|-sā hyabhiṣūyate anekairdravyaiḥ piṣṭādibhiḥ | 11 | ### [8.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.8.11) “evamuccāvaceṣvartheṣu nipatanti ta upekṣitavyāḥ” | evamanena prakāreṇa uccāvaceṣvartheṣu .. bahuprakāreṣu samāhṛtāścānye'pyevaṃ bahuprakārā nipatanti | prayujyamānāste lakṣaṇaśāstrametaccārthanirvacanaśāstramupetyopagamya anupraveśya īkṣitavyāḥ,kaḥ kasminnarthe varttate ? ityevaṃ draṣṭavyāḥ parīkṣyā ityarthaḥ | ## Linked texts (1) - [Nirukta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska.1.11) — Yāska, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska!durga.8) · Pramāṇa