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Lomashishiksha 4

Lomaśīśikṣā 4

Language
Sanskrit

Contents

4.1

bahūnāmapyukārāṇāmekaṃ karaṇamiṣyate
hrasve dīrghe ca vṛddhe ca nānādyaṃ karaṇaṃ bhavet

Even of many u-sounds, a single articulatory effort is prescribed;
in the short, the long, and the protracted, the primary articulatory effort should not be diverse.

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4.2

bahūnāmapyukārāṇāṃ madhyadīrghaṃ bhavedyadi
ādāvante ca karaṇaṃ madhyamaḥ pṛthageva tu

Even among many u-sounds, if the middle one is long,
the articulatory effort is at the beginning and the end, but the middle one is separate.

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4.3

bahūnāmapyukārāṇāmante dīrghaṃ bhavedyadi
ādāvante ca karaṇaṃ madhyamaḥ pṛthagāśritaḥ

Even among many u-sounds, if the final one is long,
the articulatory effort is at the beginning and the end, while the middle one relies on a separate [effort].

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4.4

ādau dviḥkaraṇaṃ yatra paścāduvarṇameva ca
ādimadhyāntaḥ sa vijñeyo vāyokto yo nidarśanam

Where there is a double articulatory effort at the beginning and afterwards the sound u,
that is to be known as beginning, middle, and end; 'vāyo' [and] 'uktaḥ' is the example.

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4.5

ādau sakṛtyakaraṇaṃ yatra paścāduvarṇameva ca
ādāvantaḥ sa vijñeyo vāyo śukro nidarśanam

Where there is a single articulatory effort at the beginning and afterwards the sound u,
that is to be known as beginning and end; 'vāyo śukraḥ' is the example.

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4.6

asaṃyuktaḥ pūrvavarṇaḥ syādyuttarastu parato yadi
ukāreṇa tu saṃyujyate karaṇābhyāsastathā bhavet

If the preceding sound is non-conjunct and the following sound is subsequent,
and it is conjoined with an u-sound, there should be a repetition of articulatory effort.

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4.7

vyañjanānyanuvarṇāni yānyuvarṇāntyān hitāni ca
vidyādiha karaṇameteṣāmathaukāraḍakārayoḥ

The consonants following a vowel, and those suitable at the end of an u-sound—
one should know the articulatory effort here of these, and then of o and ḍ.

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4.8

oṣṭhyasvarāvanantarau yatra yatra sayogasaṃyutau
tatra sakṛtkaraṇaṃ syādriddhaḥ karaṇamato'nyathā

Wherever two contiguous labial vowels are joined in conjunction,
there should be a single articulatory effort; otherwise the articulatory effort is doubled.

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4.9

oṣṭhyau varṇau yadi syātāmasaṃyogaparāvapi
dviroṣṭhyatāmetaiḥ kuryādojiṣṭhaṃ pupudarśanam

If two sounds are labials, even when followed by a non-conjunct,
one should produce double labiality with them; 'ojiṣṭhaṃ pupu-' is the example.

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4.9.p1

iti caturtha khaṇḍaḥ

Thus ends the fourth section.

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Translations (1)