[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Auxiliary Sciences of the Veda](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga) › [Grammar](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana) › [Topical rearrangements of Pāṇini](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.prakriya) › [Vaiyākaraṇasiddhāntakaumudī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.prakriya.siddhantakaumudi) › [Prauḍhamanoramā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.prakriya.siddhantakaumudi!praudhamanorama) › [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.prakriya.siddhantakaumudi!praudhamanorama~en-mt) › p231 # Praudhamanorama p231 English (machine translation) p231 - **Language:** English ### [p231](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.prakriya.siddhantakaumudi!praudhamanorama~en-mt.p231) "Idam refers to what is contiguous, and the form of etad is what is still closer; adas refers to what is remote, and one should understand tad as referring to what is out of sight."— - [Previous: p230](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.prakriya.siddhantakaumudi!praudhamanorama~en-mt.p230) - [Next: p232](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.prakriya.siddhantakaumudi!praudhamanorama~en-mt.p232) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.prakriya.siddhantakaumudi!praudhamanorama~en-mt.p231](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.prakriya.siddhantakaumudi!praudhamanorama~en-mt.p231) · Pramāṇa