[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Vernacular Literatures](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular) › [Kannada literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada) › [Grammar, poetics and lexicography](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra) › [Karnatakabhashabhushana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana) › 1.3 # Karnatakabhashabhushana 1.3 Karṇāṭakabhāṣābhūṣaṇa 1.3 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [1.3.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.1.3.1) tēṣv ādau caturdaśa svarāḥ. > \[2\] Among them, the first fourteen are vowels. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [1.3.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.1.3.2) tēṣv akārādiṣu varṇēṣv ādau caturdaśa-vyavasthitāś caturdaśa-varṇās svara-saṁjñā bhavanti. tē kē? a ā, i ī, u ū, r̥ r̥ r̥̄, l̥ l̥ l̥̄, ē, ai, ō, au. > Among those phonemes beginning with \*a\*, the fourteen phonemes situated at the beginning receive the technical term "vowel". Which are they? \*a ā\*, \*i ī\*, \*u ū\*, \*ṛ ṝ\*, \*ḷ ḹ\*, \*e\*, \*ai\*, \*o\*, \*au\*. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.1.3.1) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.1.3) · Pramāṇa