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Karnatakabhashabhushana 8.9

Karṇāṭakabhāṣābhūṣaṇa 8.9

Language
Sanskrit

8.9.1

svārthē kālē.

[Tense-suffixes apply] in their own tense.

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8.9.2

svasyārthē kālē bhūtavatyādayō vidhātavyāḥ. ētad uktaṁ bhavati. bhūtakālē bhūtavatī. vartamānakālē vartamānā. bhaviṣyatkālē bhaviṣyantī vidhātavyā. tad yathā —

The suffixes denoting the past and so forth are to be prescribed in their own respective tense. This is what is meant: the past tense suffix is to be prescribed in past time; the present tense suffix in present time; the future tense suffix in future time. For example:

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8.9.3

bhūtē —

In the past:

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8.9.4

puṭṭidaṁ

puṭṭidaṁ (‘he was born’);

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8.9.5

puṭṭidar

puṭṭidar (‘they were born’).

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8.9.6

vartamānē —

In the present:

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8.9.7

puṭṭidapaṁ

puṭṭidapaṁ (‘he is being born’);

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8.9.8

puṭṭidapar

puṭṭidapar (‘they are being born’).

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8.9.9

bhaviṣyati —

In the future:

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8.9.10

puṭṭuvaṁ

puṭṭuvaṁ (‘he will be born’);

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8.9.11

puṭṭuvar

puṭṭuvar (‘they will be born’).

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8.9.12

ēvaṁ madhyamōttamayōr api.

Likewise also in the second and first persons.

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Translations (1)