[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Vernacular Literatures](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular) › [Kannada literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada) › [Grammar, poetics and lexicography](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra) › [Karnatakabhashabhushana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana) › 8.9 # Karnatakabhashabhushana 8.9 Karṇāṭakabhāṣābhūṣaṇa 8.9 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [8.9.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.1) svārthē kālē. > \[Tense-suffixes apply\] in their own tense. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [8.9.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.2) svasyārthē kālē bhūtavatyādayō vidhātavyāḥ. ētad uktaṁ bhavati. bhūtakālē bhūtavatī. vartamānakālē vartamānā. bhaviṣyatkālē bhaviṣyantī vidhātavyā. tad yathā — > The suffixes denoting the past and so forth are to be prescribed in their own respective tense. This is what is meant: the past tense suffix is to be prescribed in past time; the present tense suffix in present time; the future tense suffix in future time. For example: > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [8.9.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.3) bhūtē — > In the past: > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [8.9.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.4) puṭṭidaṁ > puṭṭidaṁ (‘he was born’); > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [8.9.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.5) puṭṭidar > puṭṭidar (‘they were born’). > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [8.9.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.6) vartamānē — > In the present: > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [8.9.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.7) puṭṭidapaṁ > puṭṭidapaṁ (‘he is being born’); > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [8.9.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.8) puṭṭidapar > puṭṭidapar (‘they are being born’). > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [8.9.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.9) bhaviṣyati — > In the future: > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [8.9.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.10) puṭṭuvaṁ > puṭṭuvaṁ (‘he will be born’); > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [8.9.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.11) puṭṭuvar > puṭṭuvar (‘they will be born’). > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ### [8.9.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.12) ēvaṁ madhyamōttamayōr api. > Likewise also in the second and first persons. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.1) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9) · Pramāṇa