[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Vernacular Literatures](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular) › [Kannada literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada) › [Grammar, poetics and lexicography](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra) › [Karṇāṭakabhāṣābhūṣaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana) › [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt) › 8.9 # Karnatakabhashabhushana 8.9 English (machine translation) 8.9 - **Language:** English ### [8.9.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.1) \[Tense-suffixes apply\] in their own tense. ### [8.9.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.2) The suffixes denoting the past and so forth are to be prescribed in their own respective tense. This is what is meant: the past tense suffix is to be prescribed in past time; the present tense suffix in present time; the future tense suffix in future time. For example: ### [8.9.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.3) In the past: ### [8.9.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.4) puṭṭidaṁ (‘he was born’); ### [8.9.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.5) puṭṭidar (‘they were born’). ### [8.9.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.6) In the present: ### [8.9.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.7) puṭṭidapaṁ (‘he is being born’); ### [8.9.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.8) puṭṭidapar (‘they are being born’). ### [8.9.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.9) In the future: ### [8.9.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.10) puṭṭuvaṁ (‘he will be born’); ### [8.9.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.11) puṭṭuvar (‘they will be born’). ### [8.9.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9.12) Likewise also in the second and first persons. ## Linked texts (1) - [Karṇāṭakabhāṣābhūṣaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana.8.9.1) — Nāgavarma II, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vernacular.kannada.sastra.bhasabhusana~en-mt.8.9) · Pramāṇa