Ἀλεξάνδρου ἀνάβασις 4.26

4.26.1

μεγίστην τῶν ταύτῃ πόλεων. ὡς δὲ προσῆγεν ἤδη τοῖς τείχεσι, θαρρήσαντες οἱ βάρβαροι τοῖς μισθοφόροις τοῖς ἐκ τῶν πρόσω Ἰνδῶν, ἦσαν γὰρ οὗτοι ἐς ἑπτακισχιλίους, ὡς στρατοπεδευομένους εἶδον τοὺς Μακεδόνας, δρόμῳ ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς ᾔεσαν.

Alexander marched first to attack Massaga, which was the greatest city in those parts. When he was now approaching the walls, the barbarians, supported by a body of Indian mercenaries brought from a distance, and no less than 7000 strong, sallied out with a run against the Macedonians when they observed them preparing to encamp. Alexander thus saw that the battle would be fought close to the city, whereas he wished the enemy to be drawn away to a distance from the walls, so that, if they were defeated, as he was certain they would be, they might have less chance of escaping with their lives by a short flight into the city. Alexander therefore ordered the Macedonians to fall back to a little hill which was about seven stadia distant from the place where he had meant to encamp. This gave the enemy fresh courage as they thought the Macedonians had already given way before them, and so they charged them at a running pace and without any observance of order. But when once their arrows began to reach his men, Alexander immediately wheeled round at a signal agreed on and led the phalanx at a running pace to fall upon them. But his horse-lancers and the Agrianians and the archers darted forward, and were the first to come into conflict with the barbarians, while he was leading the phalanx in regular order into action. The Indians were confounded by this unexpected attack, and no sooner found themselves involved in a hand-to-hand encounter than they gave way and fled back to the city. About 200 of them were killed, and the rest were shut up within the walls. Alexander brought up the phalanx against the fortifications, but was wounded in the ankle, though not severely, by an arrow shot from the battlements. The next day he brought up the military engines, and without much difficulty battered down a part of the wall. But when the Macedonians attempted to force their way through the breach which had been made, the Indians repelled all their attacks with so much spirit that Alexander was obliged for that day to draw off his forces. On the morrow the Macedonians renewed their assault with even greater vigour, and a wooden tower was brought up against the wall from which the archers shot at the Indians, while missiles were discharged against them from engines. They were thus driven back to a good distance, but still their assailants were after all unable to force their way within the walls.
On the third day Alexander led the phalanx once more to the assault, and causing a bridge to be thrown from an engine over to that part of the wall which had been battered down, by that gangway he led the hypaspists over to the breach — the same men who by a similar expedient had enabled him to capture Tyre. The bridge, however, broke down under the great throng which was pushing forward with eager haste, and the Macedonians fell with it. The barbarians on the walls, seeing what had happened, began amid loud cheering to ply the Macedonians with stones and arrows and whatever missiles they had ready at hand or could at the moment snatch up, while others sallying out from posterns in the wall between the towers, struck them at close quarters before they could extricate themselves from the confusion caused by the accident.

4.26.2

καὶ Ἀλέξανδρος ἰδὼν πλησίον τῆς πόλεως ἐσομένην τὴν μάχην προσωτέρω ἐκκαλέσασθαι αὐτοὺς βουληθεὶς τῶν τειχῶν, ὡς εἰ τροπὴ γίγνοιτο, ἐγίγνωσκεν γὰρ ἐσομένην, μὴ διʼ ὀλίγου ἐς τὴν πόλιν καταφυγόντες εὐμαρῶς διασώζοιντο, ὡς ἐκθέοντας εἶδε τοὺς βαρβάρους, μεταβαλλομένους κελεύει τοὺς Μακεδόνας ὀπίσω ἀποχωρεῖν ὡς πρὸς γήλοφόν τινα ἀπέχοντα ἀπὸ τοῦ χωρίου, ἵναπερ στρατοπεδεύειν ἐγνώκει, ἑπτά που μάλιστα σταδίους.

4.26.3

καὶ οἱ πολέμιοι ἀναθαρσήσαντες, ὡς ἐγκεκλικότων ἤδη τῶν Μακεδόνων, δρόμῳ τε καὶ ξὺν οὐδενὶ κόσμῳ ἐφέροντο ἐς αὐτούς. ὡς δὲ ἐξικνεῖτο ἤδη τὰ τοξεύματα, ἐνταῦθα Ἀλέξανδρος ἀπὸ ξυνθήματος ἐπιστρέψας ἐς αὐτοὺς τὴν φάλαγγα δρόμῳ ἀντεπῆγε.

4.26.4

πρῶτοι δὲ οἱ ἱππακοντισταί τε αὐτῷ καὶ οἱ Ἀγριᾶνες καὶ οἱ τοξόται ἐκδραμόντες ξυνέμιξαν τοῖς βαρβάροις· αὐτὸς δὲ τὴν φάλαγγα ἐν τάξει ἦγεν. οἱ δὲ Ἰνδοὶ τῷ τε παραλόγῳ ἐκπλαγέντες καὶ ἅμα ἐν χερσὶ γεγενημένης τῆς μάχης ἐγκλίναντες ἔφευγον ἐς τὴν πόλιν. καὶ ἀπέθανον μὲν αὐτῶν ἀμφὶ τοὺς διακοσίους, οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ ἐς τὰ τείχη κατεκλείσθησαν. καὶ Ἀλέξανδρος προσῆγε τῷ τείχει τὴν φάλαγγα, καὶ ἐντεῦθεν τοξεύεται μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ τείχους ἐς τὸ σφυρὸν οὐ χαλεπῶς.

4.26.5

ἐπαγαγὼν δὲ τὰς μηχανὰς τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ τῶν μὲν τειχῶν τι εὐμαρῶς κατέσεισε, βιαζομένους δὲ ταύτῃ τοὺς Μακεδόνας ᾗ παρέρρηκτο τοῦ τείχους οὐκ ἀτόλμως οἱ Ἰνδοὶ ἠμύνοντο, ὥστε ταύτῃ μὲν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἀνεκαλέσατο τὴν στρατιάν. τῇ δὲ ὑστεραίᾳ τῶν τε Μακεδόνων αὐτῶν ἡ προσβολὴ καρτερωτέρα ἐγίγνετο καὶ πύργος ἐπήχθη ξύλινος τοῖς τείχεσιν, ὅθεν ἐκτοξεύοντες οἱ τοξόται καὶ βέλη ἀπὸ μηχανῶν ἀφιέμενα ἀνέστελλεν ἐπὶ πολὺ τοὺς Ἰνδούς. ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ ὣς βιάσασθαι εἴσω τοῦ τείχους οἷοί τε ἐγένοντο.

4.26.6

τῇ δὲ τρίτῃ προσαγαγὼν αὖθις τὴν φάλαγγα καὶ ἀπὸ μηχανῆς γέφυραν ἐπιβαλὼν τοῦ τείχους ᾗ παρερρωγὸς ἦν, ταύτῃ ἐπῆγε τοὺς ὑπασπιστάς, οἵπερ αὐτῷ καὶ Τύρον ὡσαύτως ἐξεῖλον. πολλῶν δὲ ὑπὸ προθυμίας ὠθουμένων ἄχθος λαβοῦσα μεῖζον ἡ γέφυρα κατερράγη καὶ πίπτουσι ξὺν αὐτῇ οἱ Μακεδόνες.

4.26.7

οἱ δὲ βάρβαροι ἰδόντες τὸ γιγνόμενον λίθοις τε ξὺν βοῇ ἀπὸ τῶν τειχῶν καὶ τοξεύμασι καὶ ἄλλῳ ὅτῳ τις μετὰ χεῖρας ἔχων ἐτύγχανεν ἢ ὅτῳ τις ἐν τῷ τότε ἔλαβεν ἐξηκόντιζον ἐς τοὺς Μακεδόνας· οἱ δὲ καὶ κατὰ θύρας, αἵτινες αὐτοῖς κατὰ τὰ μεσοπύργια μικραὶ ἦσαν, ἐκθέοντες ἐκ χειρὸς ἔπαιον τεταραγμένους.