Βιβλιοθήκη ἱστορική 17.90

17.90.1

ἴδιον δέ τι κατὰ τὴν ὀρεινὴν τὴν πλησίον ὑπῆρχε. χωρὶς γὰρ τῆς πρὸς ναυπηγίαν ὕλης εἶχεν ἡ χώρα πολλοὺς καὶ παρηλλαγμένους τοῖς μεγέθεσιν ὄφεις, ὄντας ἑκκαιδεκαπήχεις, πιθήκων τε γένη πολλὰ καὶ τοῖς μεγέθεσι διαλλάττοντα, ὧν τὴν τέχνην τῆς θήρας αὐτὸ τὸ ζῷον ὑφηγεῖτο.

In the mountainous country which adjoined the scene of action there were found other peculiar products besides timber for shipbuilding, for it abounded with snakes of an extraordinary size, being sixteen cubits in length, and with many kinds of apes, which also were remarkable for their size. The apes of themselves suggested what stratagem should be employed in hunting them, for they are prone to imitate whatever they see men doing, but yet are not easily overpowered by mere force, since they are possessed both of great strength of body and sharpness of wit. Some members, therefore, of the hunting party smear their eyes with honey, others in full view of their game put on their shoes, while others hang mirrors around their necks. Then, having affixed nooses to their shoes, they leave these behind them, and in place of the honey they substitute gum, and at the same time attach hauling-ropes to the mirrors. So when the apes try to do all that they had seen done by the men they find themselves powerless to do so, for their eyelids are glued together, their feet entangled in the nooses, and their bodies held fast by the ropes. In these circumstances they fall an easy prey to the hunters.
Alexander having struck terror into the king called Embisaros, who had come too late to the assistance of Poros, compelled him to do what he commanded. Having then crossed the river with his army, he advanced through a country of surpassing fertility, for it had various kinds of trees which rose to a height of seventy cubits, and had such a girth that it took fully four men to clasp them round, while their shadow projected to a distance of 300 feet. This region also was much infested with snakes. These were small in size, and marked with diverse colours, for while some were like bronze-coloured wands, others had a thick hair-like mane, and with their sting inflicted a death of acute pain, for the sufferings of any one they bit were dreadful, and were accompanied with a flux of sweat which looked like blood. On this account the Macedonians, being terribly plagued by their stings, suspended their couches from the trees, and kept awake the greater part of the night; but when they had learned from the natives that a certain root was an antidote, its application relieved them from their sufferings.

17.90.2

μιμητικὸν γὰρ ὑπάρχον πάσης πράξεως βίᾳ μὲν οὐ ῥᾳδίως χειροῦται διά τε τὴν ἰσχὺν τῶν σωμάτων καὶ διὰ τὴν τῆς ψυχῆς ἀγχίνοιαν· τῶν δὲ κυνηγῶν οἱ μὲν μέλιτι τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἀλείφονται, οἱ δὲ βλεπόντων τῶν θηρίων ὑποδοῦνται, τινὲς δὲ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς κάτοπτρα περιτιθέασιν, καὶ τοῖς μὲν ὑποδήμασι παραθέντες δεσμοὺς ἀπολείπουσιν, ἀντὶ δὲ τοῦ μέλιτος ἰξὸν ὑποβάλλουσι, τοῖς δὲ κατόπτροις ἐπίσπαστρα καθάπτουσι.

17.90.3

διόπερ ὅταν βούλωνται τὰ ζῷα τὰς πράξεις τῶν ὁραθέντων ἐπιτελεῖν, ἀδυνατεῖ, τῶν μὲν βλεφάρων κεκολλημένων, τῶν δὲ ποδῶν δεδεμένων, τῶν δὲ σωμάτων κατεχομένων· ὅθεν εὐχείρωτα πρὸς τὴν θήραν γίνεται.

17.90.4

ὁ δὲ Ἀλέξανδρος τὸν ὑστερηκότα τῆς τοῦ Πώρου συμμαχίας βασιλέα ὄνομα Σασιβισάρην καταπληξάμενος ἠνάγκασε ποιεῖν τὸ προσταττόμενον, αὐτὸς δὲ μετὰ τῆς δυνάμεως περάσας τὸν ποταμὸν προῆγε διὰ χώρας ἀρετῇ διαφερούσης·

17.90.5

δένδρων γὰρ εἶχε γένη διαλλάττοντα καὶ τὸ μὲν ὕψος ἔχοντα πηχῶν ἑβδομήκοντα, τὸ δὲ πάχος μόγις ὑπὸ τεσσάρων ἀνδρῶν περιλαμβανόμενα, τριῶν δὲ πλέθρων σκιὰν ποιοῦντα. εἶχε δὲ καὶ ἡ χώρα ὄφεων πλῆθος, μικρῶν μὲν τοῖς μεγέθεσι, ταῖς δὲ ποικιλίαις ἐξηλλαγμένων·

17.90.6

οἱ μὲν γὰρ χαλκοειδεῖς ῥάβδους ἐπέφαινον, οἱ δὲ τὴν λόφην δασεῖαν εἶχον τριχώδη, διὰ δὲ τῶν δηγμάτων ὀξεῖς θανάτους ἀπειργάζοντο. τὸν δὲ πληγέντα πόνοι δεινοὶ συνεῖχον καὶ ῥύσις ἱδρῶτος αἱματοειδοῦς κατεῖχε.

17.90.7

διόπερ οἱ Μακεδόνες δεινῶς ὑπὸ τῶν δηγμάτων ἀπαλλάττοντες τὰς κλίνας ἀπὸ τῶν δένδρων ἐξήρτων καὶ τὸ πλεῖστον τῆς νυκτὸς διηγρύπνουν. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα παρὰ τῶν ἐγχωρίων μαθόντες τὴν ἀντιφάρμακον ῥίζαν ἀπελύθησαν τῶν δεινῶν.