[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Foreign](https://indike.org/pramana/inf) › [Greek](https://indike.org/pramana/inf.gr) › [Roman Imperial (31 BCE – 330 CE)](https://indike.org/pramana/inf.gr.roman) › [Γεωγραφικά](https://indike.org/pramana/inf.gr.roman.strabo) › 15.1.64 # Γεωγραφικά 15.1.64 Γεωγραφικά 15.1.64 - **Language:** Ancient Greek ### [15.1.64](https://indike.org/pramana/inf.gr.roman.strabo.15.1.64) διαλεχθῆναι δʼ ἑνὶ τούτων Καλάνῳ, ὃν καὶ συνακολουθῆσαι τῷ βασιλεῖ μέχρι Περσίδος καὶ ἀποθανεῖν τῷ πατρίῳ νόμῳ τεθέντα ἐπὶ πυρκαϊάν· τότε δʼ ἐπὶ λίθων τυχεῖν κείμενον. προσιὼν οὖν καὶ προσαγορεύσας εἰπεῖν ἔφη, διότι πεμφθείη παρὰ τοῦ βασιλέως ἀκροασόμενος τῆς σοφίας αὐτῶν καὶ ἀπαγγελῶν πρὸς αὐτόν· εἰ οὖν μηδεὶς εἴη φθόνος, ἕτοιμος εἴη μετασχεῖν τῆς ἀκροάσεως. ἰδόντα δʼ ἐκεῖνον χλαμύδα καὶ καυσίαν φοροῦντα καὶ κρηπῖδα, καταγελάσαντα τὸ παλαιόν φάναι πάντʼ ἦν ἀλφίτων καὶ ἀλεύρων πλήρη καθάπερ νῦν κόνεως· καὶ κρῆναι δʼ ἔρρεον αἱ μὲν ὕδατος γάλακτος δʼ ἄλλαι καὶ ὁμοίως μέλιτος, αἱ δʼ οἴνου τινὲς δʼ ἐλαίου· ὑπὸ πλησμονῆς δʼ οἱ ἄνθρωποι καὶ τρυφῆς εἰς ὕβριν ἐξέπεσον. Ζεὺς δὲ μισήσας τὴν κατάστασιν ἠφάνισε πάντα καὶ διὰ πόνου τὸν βίον ἀπέδειξε· σωφροσύνης δὲ καὶ τῆς ἄλλης ἀρετῆς παρελθούσης εἰς μέσον πάλιν εὐπορία τῶν ἀγαθῶν ὑπῆρξεν· ἐγγὺς δʼ ἐστὶν ἤδη νυνὶ κόρου καὶ ὕβρεως τὸ πρᾶγμα, κινδυνεύει τε ἀφανισμὸς τῶν ὄντων γενέσθαι. ταῦτα εἰπόντα κελεύειν, εἰ βούλοιτο ἀκροάσασθαι, καταθέμενον τὴν σκευὴν γυμνὸν ἐπὶ τῶν αὐτῶν λίθων κείμενον μετέχειν τῶν λόγων. ἀπορουμένου δὲ αὐτοῦ, Μάνδανιν ὅσπερ ἦν πρεσβύτατος καὶ σοφώτατος αὐτῶν, τὸν μὲν ἐπιπλῆξαι ὡς ὑβριστήν, καὶ ταῦτα ὕβρεως κατηγορήσαντα, αὐτὸν δὲ προσκαλέσασθαι καὶ εἰπεῖν ὡς τὸν μὲν βασιλέα ἐπαινοίη, διότι ἀρχὴν τοσαύτην διοικῶν ἐπιθυμοίη σοφίας· μόνον γὰρ ἴδοι αὐτὸν ἐν ὅπλοις φιλοσοφοῦντα· ὠφελιμώτατον δʼ εἴη τῶν ἁπάντων, εἰ οἱ τοιοῦτοι φρονοῖεν οἷς πάρεστι δύναμις τοὺς μὲν ἑκουσίους πείθειν σωφρονεῖν τοὺς δʼ ἀκουσίους ἀναγκάζειν· αὐτῷ δὲ συγγνώμη εἴη, εἰ διʼ ἑρμηνέων τριῶν διαλεγόμενος πλὴν φωνῆς μηδὲν συνιέντων πλέον ἢ οἱ πολλοί, μηδὲν ἰσχύσει τῆς ὠφελείας ἐπίδειξιν ποιήσασθαι· ὅμοιον γὰρ ὡς ἂν εἰ διὰ βορβόρου καθαρὸν ἀξιοῖ τις ὕδωρ ῥεῖν. > He conversed with Calanus, one of these sophists, who accompanied the king to Persia, and died after the custom of his country, being placed on a pile of \[burning\] wood. When Onesicritus came, he was lying upon stones. Onesicritus approached, accosted him, and told him that he had been sent by the king, who had heard the fame of his wisdom, and that he was to give an account of his interview, if there were no objection, he was ready to listen to his discourse. When Calanus saw his mantle, head-covering, and shoes, he laughed, and said, Formerly, there was abundance everywhere of corn and barley, as there is now of dust; fountains then flowed with water, milk, honey, wine, and oil, but mankind by repletion and luxury became proud and insolent. Jupiter, indignant at this state of things, destroyed all, and appointed for man a life of toil. On the reappearance of temperance and other virtues, there was again an abundance of good things. But at present the condition of mankind approaches satiety and insolence, and there is danger lest the things which now exist should disappear. > When he had finished, he proposed to Onesicritus, if he wished to hear his discourse, to strip off his clothes, to lie down naked by him on the same stones, and in that manner to listen to him; while he was hesitating what to do, Mandanis, who was the oldest and wisest of the sophists, reproached Calanus for his insolence, although he censured such insolence himself. Mandanis called Onesicritus to him, and said, I commend the king, because, although he governs so large an empire, he is yet desirous of acquiring wisdom, for he is the only philosopher in arms that I ever saw; it would be of the greatest advantage, if those were philosophers who have the power of persuading the willing and of compelling the unwilling to learn temperance; but I am entitled to indulgence, if, when conversing by means of three interpreters, who, except the language, know no more than the vulgar, I am not able to demonstrate the utility of philosophy. To attempt it is to expect water to flow pure through mud. > — Hans Claude Hamilton & William Falconer 1854, The Geography of Strabo - [Previous: 15.1.63](https://indike.org/pramana/inf.gr.roman.strabo.15.1.63) - [Next: 15.1.65](https://indike.org/pramana/inf.gr.roman.strabo.15.1.65) - [Up: 15.1](https://indike.org/pramana/inf.gr.roman.strabo.15.1) ## Translations (2) - [The Geography of Strabo](https://indike.org/pramana/inf.gr.roman.strabo~en-hamilton-falconer.15.1.64) — Hans Claude Hamilton & William Falconer 1854, English - [Ancient India as Described in Classical Literature (Strabo, book 15)](https://indike.org/pramana/inf.gr.roman.strabo~en-mccrindle.15.1.64) — John Watson McCrindle 1901, English ## Linked texts (1) - [The Classical Doctrine of Indian Medicine: Its Origins and its Greek Parallels](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.filliozat-1949.c14.41) — Jean Filliozat, English --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/inf.gr.roman.strabo.15.1.64](https://indike.org/pramana/inf.gr.roman.strabo.15.1.64) · Pramāṇa